<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean: Case Study]]></title><description><![CDATA[Best case study about business in the world]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/s/case-study</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f_sG!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6dbb0131-4d6c-4ae8-97d9-3d2d4512bba8_1280x1280.png</url><title>BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean: Case Study</title><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/s/case-study</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:48:24 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.bizinsider.co/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[johnnews6914@gmail.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[johnnews6914@gmail.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[johnnews6914@gmail.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[johnnews6914@gmail.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #56: Từ Cảng Biển Lên Bầu Trời: Westwell Đưa Logistics AI-Native Vào Hàng Hóa Hàng Không]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-56</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-56</guid><pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 15:00:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 55 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!onCV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a09ca9c-8e57-437e-9c89-7d43b939d9e4_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>12 th&#225;ng 6 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, t&#7841;i <strong>H&#7891;ng K&#244;ng</strong>, <strong>Westwell</strong>, m&#7897;t c&#244;ng ty tr&#237; tu&#7879; nh&#226;n t&#7841;o (AI) to&#224;n c&#7847;u chuy&#234;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#225;c gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p <strong>logistics container th&#244;ng minh v&#224; xanh</strong>, ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; vi&#7879;c &#225;p d&#7909;ng chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh mang t&#234;n &#8220;<strong>AI + N&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i</strong>&#8220; (AI + New Energy), g&#7885;i t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>Ainergy</strong>, v&#224;o l&#297;nh v&#7921;c <strong>v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;n bay</strong>. Theo th&#244;ng c&#225;o, trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#225;c trung t&#226;m h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng (<strong>air cargo hub</strong>) tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;ang ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t c&#249;ng l&#250;c v&#7899;i ba s&#7913;c &#233;p l&#7899;n l&#224; <strong>nhu c&#7847;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; t&#259;ng v&#7885;t</strong>, <strong>t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng thi&#7871;u h&#7909;t lao &#273;&#7897;ng</strong>, v&#224; c&#225;c <strong>m&#7909;c ti&#234;u gi&#7843;m ph&#225;t th&#7843;i carbon</strong>, Westwell m&#7903; r&#7897;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c <strong>AI-Native</strong> c&#7911;a m&#236;nh t&#7915; c&#7843;ng bi&#7875;n sang l&#297;nh v&#7921;c h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng. T&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m c&#244;ng b&#7889;, Westwell ph&#7909;c v&#7909; <strong>h&#417;n 200 kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng t&#7841;i h&#417;n 30 n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;</strong>, v&#7899;i ph&#7841;m vi gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p tr&#7843;i r&#7897;ng tr&#234;n n&#259;m m&#7843;ng: <strong>v&#7853;n t&#7843;i h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, c&#7843;ng bi&#7875;n, &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7855;t, v&#7853;n t&#7843;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7897;, v&#224; nh&#224; m&#225;y th&#244;ng minh</strong>.</p><p>Westwell &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#224;nh l&#7853;p <strong>n&#259;m 2015 t&#7841;i Th&#432;&#7907;ng H&#7843;i</strong>, kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u l&#224; m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; AI chuy&#234;n v&#7873; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng s&#7889; container mang t&#234;n <strong>WellOcean</strong>, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tri&#7875;n khai t&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;ng bi&#7875;n tr&#234;n kh&#7855;p Trung Qu&#7889;c. T&#7915; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng h&#236;nh &#7843;nh ban &#273;&#7847;u, c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#227; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#224;nh m&#7897;t <strong>nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p full-stack</strong>, ngh&#297;a l&#224; cung c&#7845;p tr&#7885;n g&#243;i t&#7915; ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng (xe t&#7921; h&#224;nh, thi&#7871;t b&#7883;) &#273;&#7871;n ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m (n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh AI), cho vi&#7879;c ho&#7841;ch &#273;&#7883;nh v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p t&#7841;i c&#7843;ng bi&#7875;n, ga &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7855;t, c&#7843;ng c&#7841;n, s&#226;n bay v&#224; nh&#224; m&#225;y. S&#7843;n ph&#7849;m n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a Westwell l&#224; <strong>Q-Truck</strong>, chi&#7871;c xe t&#7843;i container h&#7841;ng n&#7863;ng ch&#7841;y &#273;i&#7879;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n t&#7921; h&#224;nh, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u l&#224; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <strong>gi&#7843;m t&#7899;i 50 t&#7845;n kh&#237; th&#7843;i carbon m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong> cho m&#7895;i xe. Westwell c&#361;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;a c&#225;c xe t&#7843;i t&#7921; h&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh ra th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng qu&#7889;c t&#7871;, ti&#234;u bi&#7875;u l&#224; vi&#7879;c giao c&#225;c l&#244; Q-Truck cho <strong>c&#7843;ng Felixstowe l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c Anh</strong>, thu&#7897;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng <strong>Hutchison Ports</strong>, c&#7843;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n t&#7841;i ch&#226;u &#194;u &#225;p d&#7909;ng xe t&#7843;i t&#7921; h&#224;nh c&#7911;a h&#227;ng.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-56?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-56?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; trong tuy&#234;n b&#7889; l&#7847;n n&#224;y l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c AI k&#233;p</strong> (dual-AI architecture). Trong ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c n&#224;y, &#8220;<strong>AI V&#7853;t l&#253;</strong>&#8220; (Physical AI) &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c <strong>th&#7921;c thi t&#7921; h&#224;nh &#7903; tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#7847;u</strong>, t&#7913;c l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n v&#224; thi&#7871;t b&#7883; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c v&#7853;t l&#253;; c&#242;n &#8220;<strong>AI V&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong>&#8220; (Operational AI) &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c <strong>ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh th&#244;ng minh</strong>, t&#7913;c l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ph&#7889;i, l&#7853;p k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch v&#224; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a to&#224;n b&#7897; lu&#7891;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; s&#7921; <strong>ph&#226;n vai r&#245; r&#224;ng gi&#7919;a l&#7899;p th&#7921;c thi v&#224; l&#7899;p &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh</strong>, m&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m thi&#7871;t k&#7871; cho ph&#233;p h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7915;a l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7879;c tay ch&#226;n v&#7915;a l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7847;u &#243;c trong c&#249;ng m&#7897;t n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng.</p><p>S&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ch&#7911; l&#7921;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Westwell &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#226;n bay l&#224; <strong>Q-Tractor</strong>, c&#7909; th&#7875; l&#224; m&#7851;u <strong>Q-Tractor P40</strong>, m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i &#273;&#7847;u k&#233;o (tractor) t&#7921; h&#224;nh ch&#7841;y &#273;i&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ri&#234;ng cho &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n kh&#7855;c nghi&#7879;t c&#7911;a khu v&#7921;c <strong>s&#226;n &#273;&#7895; (airside)</strong>. Q-Tractor &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh b&#7857;ng n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng l&#225;i t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng <strong>Q-Pilot</strong> do ch&#237;nh Westwell t&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n, t&#237;ch h&#7907;p c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng <strong>BEV</strong> (Bird&#8217;s Eye View, g&#243;c nh&#236;n t&#7915; tr&#234;n xu&#7889;ng) v&#224; c&#225;c <strong>m&#244; h&#236;nh end-to-end d&#7921;a tr&#234;n ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c Transformer</strong>, v&#7889;n l&#224; ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh AI hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i. Westwell nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; <strong>ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c an to&#224;n d&#7921; ph&#242;ng</strong> (redundant safety architecture) &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y v&#7853;n h&#224;nh <strong>24/7</strong> trong m&#7885;i &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n th&#7901;i ti&#7871;t v&#224; t&#7847;m nh&#236;n. M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m k&#7929; thu&#7853;t &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <strong>t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng gh&#233;p n&#7889;i v&#224; th&#225;o r&#7901;i r&#417;-mo&#243;c v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915;ng centimet</strong>, &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7875;m ch&#7913;ng qua nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n tri&#7875;n khai t&#7841;i c&#225;c s&#226;n bay, m&#224; c&#244;ng ty m&#244; t&#7843; l&#224; &#8220;<strong>kh&#233;p l&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng trong logistics kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i</strong>&#8220;, cho ph&#233;p qu&#225; tr&#236;nh b&#7889;c d&#7905; h&#224;ng h&#243;a di&#7877;n ra ho&#224;n to&#224;n t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng. Nh&#7901; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; &#273;i&#7879;n thu&#7847;n t&#250;y, Q-Tractor &#273;&#7841;t m&#7913;c <strong>ph&#225;t th&#7843;i b&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng</strong> trong c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7889;t l&#245;i.</p><p>V&#7873; ph&#7841;m vi tri&#7875;n khai th&#7921;c t&#7871;, c&#225;c gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p c&#7911;a Westwell &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#225;p d&#7909;ng t&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u trung t&#226;m h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng tr&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7875;m, bao g&#7891;m <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; H&#7891;ng K&#244;ng</strong>, <strong>Hactl</strong> (Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited), <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; Ph&#7889; &#272;&#244;ng Th&#432;&#7907;ng H&#7843;i</strong>, <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; Ng&#7841;c Ch&#226;u Hoa H&#7891;</strong> (Ezhou Huahu), c&#249;ng c&#225;c d&#7921; &#225;n m&#7899;i gi&#224;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;i <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; Ph&#250;c Ch&#226;u Tr&#432;&#7901;ng L&#7841;c</strong> v&#224; <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; H&#7841; M&#244;n T&#432;&#7901;ng An</strong>. &#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, trong <strong>n&#259;m 2025</strong>, Westwell &#273;&#227; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7845;p ph&#233;p tri&#7875;n khai c&#225;c &#273;&#7847;u k&#233;o t&#7921; h&#224;nh d&#249;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i t&#7841;i <strong>Hactl</strong>, &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; x&#7917; l&#253; h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t H&#7891;ng K&#244;ng. T&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y, c&#225;c xe Q-Tractor c&#7911;a Westwell &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng <strong>v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i</strong>, v&#7915;a n&#226;ng cao n&#259;ng su&#7845;t v&#7915;a th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i th&#244;ng minh v&#224; xanh c&#7911;a Hactl.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a, t&#7841;i <strong>S&#226;n bay Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; Ph&#7889; &#272;&#244;ng Th&#432;&#7907;ng H&#7843;i</strong>, Westwell c&#242;n m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng AI sang l&#297;nh v&#7921;c <strong>an to&#224;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;n bay</strong>. C&#244;ng ty &#273;ang ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n m&#7897;t gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p ki&#7875;m tra &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#259;ng th&#244;ng minh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#244; t&#7843; l&#224; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u ng&#224;nh, mang t&#234;n &#8220;<strong>AI + L&#225;i t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng + Ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#7853;t th&#7875; l&#7841;</strong>&#8220; (AI + Autonomous Driving + FOD Detection). Gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p n&#224;y k&#7871;t h&#7907;p c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n t&#7921; h&#224;nh, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng <strong>radar</strong> v&#224; <strong>thu&#7853;t to&#225;n nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng AI</strong> &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh bay an to&#224;n, b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n c&#225;c <strong>v&#7853;t th&#7875; l&#7841; (Foreign Object Debris)</strong> tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#259;ng, v&#7889;n l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng r&#7911;i ro nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i an to&#224;n h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng.</p><p>T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t t&#7847;m nh&#236;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, Westwell kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng khi c&#225;c s&#226;n bay ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c ph&#7843;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i (resilience) v&#224; c&#225;c m&#7909;c ti&#234;u b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</strong>, th&#236; c&#225;c <strong>h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh AI-Native</strong> s&#7869; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c trong ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n h&#7841; t&#7847;ng h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng. Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, c&#244;ng ty nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#7911;a logistics s&#226;n bay <strong>kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n &#7903; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a</strong>, m&#224; &#7903; vi&#7879;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng c&#225;c <strong>h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i c&#7897;ng t&#225;c</strong>, n&#417;i <strong>con ng&#432;&#7901;i, ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n th&#244;ng minh v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng AI l&#224;m vi&#7879;c c&#249;ng nhau</strong> m&#7897;t c&#225;ch an to&#224;n h&#417;n, hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n v&#224; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng h&#417;n.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #56: From Seaport to Sky: Westwell Brings AI-Native Logistics to Air Cargo]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-56</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-56</guid><pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 15:00:33 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #56 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:110023,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/201823202?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ym5I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F84cd576a-065c-4d24-81ab-128255479e77_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On <strong>June 12, 2026</strong>, in <strong>Hong Kong</strong>, <strong>Westwell</strong>, a global artificial intelligence (AI) company specializing in <strong>smart and green container logistics</strong> solutions, officially announced the application of its core strategy named &#8220;<strong>AI + New Energy</strong>,&#8221; abbreviated as <strong>Ainergy</strong>, to the field of <strong>airport operations</strong>. According to the announcement, as global <strong>air cargo hubs</strong> confront three major pressures simultaneously&#8212;<strong>surging e-commerce demand, labour shortages, and carbon decarbonisation targets</strong>&#8212;Westwell is extending its <strong>AI-Native</strong> capabilities from seaports into the aviation field. As of the time of the announcement, Westwell serves <strong>over 200 customers across more than 30 economies</strong>, with a solution scope spanning five domains: <strong>air cargo, seaport, rail, road transport, and smart factories</strong>.</p><p>Westwell was founded in <strong>2015 in Shanghai</strong>, beginning as an AI technology firm specializing in a container number recognition system named <strong>WellOcean</strong>, deployed at many seaports across China. From its initial image-recognition foundation, the company grew into a <strong>full-stack solution provider</strong>, meaning it delivers the complete package from hardware (autonomous vehicles, equipment) to software (the AI operating platform), for planning and managing complex operations at seaports, railway hubs, dry ports, airports and factories. Westwell&#8217;s most famous product is the <strong>Q-Truck</strong>, a fully autonomous electric heavy-duty container truck, introduced as capable of <strong>reducing up to 50 tonnes of carbon emissions per year</strong> per vehicle. Westwell has also brought its autonomous trucks to the international market, notably delivering batches of Q-Trucks to the <strong>Port of Felixstowe</strong>, the largest in the United Kingdom, part of the <strong>Hutchison Ports</strong> system, the first port in Europe to adopt the company&#8217;s autonomous trucks.</p><p>The technological focus of this announcement is a <strong>dual-AI architecture</strong>. Within this architecture, &#8220;<strong>Physical AI</strong>&#8220; handles <strong>frontline autonomous execution</strong>, that is, controlling vehicles and equipment to perform physical work; while &#8220;<strong>Operational AI</strong>&#8220; handles <strong>intelligent decision-making</strong>, that is, coordinating, planning and optimizing the entire workflow. This is a <strong>clear division of roles between the execution layer and the operating layer</strong>, a design feature that allows the system to do both manual work and cognitive work within a single platform.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-56?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-56?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>The flagship product Westwell brings into the airport environment is the <strong>Q-Tractor</strong>, specifically the <strong>Q-Tractor P40</strong> model, a type of autonomous electric tractor designed specifically for the harsh conditions of the <strong>apron (airside)</strong>. The Q-Tractor is operated by the <strong>Q-Pilot</strong> autonomous driving platform that Westwell developed in-house, integrating <strong>BEV (Bird&#8217;s Eye View)</strong> environmental perception and <strong>end-to-end models based on the Transformer architecture</strong>, which is the foundational architecture of modern AI models. Westwell emphasizes that the system has a <strong>redundant safety architecture</strong> ensuring <strong>24/7 operational reliability</strong> in all weather and visibility conditions. A notable technical point is the ability to <strong>automatically couple and uncouple trailers with centimetre-level precision</strong>, validated across multiple airport deployments, which the company describes as &#8220;<strong>closing the last gap in unmanned logistics</strong>,&#8221; allowing the cargo loading and unloading process to be fully automated. Thanks to a pure electric drive, the Q-Tractor achieves <strong>zero emissions</strong> in core operations.</p><p>In terms of real-world deployment scope, Westwell&#8217;s solutions are being applied at many key air cargo hubs, including <strong>Hong Kong International Airport</strong>, <strong>Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited (Hactl)</strong>, <strong>Shanghai Pudong International Airport</strong>, <strong>Ezhou Huahu International Airport</strong>, and newly secured projects at <strong>Fuzhou Changle International Airport</strong> and <strong>Xiamen Xiang&#8217;an International Airport</strong>. In particular, in <strong>2025</strong>, Westwell officially received approval to deploy new-energy autonomous tractors at <strong>Hactl</strong>, the largest independent air cargo handler in Hong Kong. There, Westwell&#8217;s Q-Tractors carry out <strong>unmanned cargo transport</strong> operations, both enhancing productivity and accelerating Hactl&#8217;s smart and green transformation.</p><p>Not stopping at cargo transport, at <strong>Shanghai Pudong International Airport</strong> Westwell is also extending its AI applications into the field of <strong>airport safety operations</strong>. The company is developing an intelligent runway inspection solution described as industry-leading, named &#8220;<strong>AI + Autonomous Driving + FOD Detection</strong>.&#8221; This solution combines autonomous vehicles, <strong>radar systems</strong> and <strong>AI recognition algorithms</strong> to support safe flight operations, by detecting <strong>Foreign Object Debris</strong> on the runway, which is one of the serious risks to aviation safety.</p><p>Summing up its vision, Westwell affirms that as airports continue to balance <strong>efficiency, resilience and sustainability</strong> targets, <strong>AI-Native operational systems</strong> will play an increasingly strategic role in the development of air cargo infrastructure. More importantly, the company emphasizes that the future of airport logistics lies <strong>not simply in automation</strong>, but in building <strong>collaborative ecosystems</strong> where <strong>humans, intelligent vehicles and AI systems work together</strong> more safely, more efficiently and more sustainably.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #55: 42 Trung Tâm Gộp Về 1 Hub Tự Động, Bài Học Lãng Phí Vận Chuyển.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-55</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-55</guid><pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2026 15:01:58 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 55 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png" width="1410" height="1182" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1182,&quot;width&quot;:1410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:109564,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/200835975?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MUQi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6324fe3d-b746-4968-a05f-cfe67d6ba5bf_1410x1182.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>26 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, t&#7915; t&#7893;ng h&#224;nh dinh t&#7841;i <strong>Bentonville, bang Arkansas</strong>, <strong>Walmart</strong> c&#244;ng b&#7889; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng m&#7899;i mang t&#234;n <strong>Prepaid Consolidation</strong>, t&#7841;m d&#7883;ch l&#224; <strong>Gom H&#224;ng Tr&#7843; Tr&#432;&#7899;c</strong>. Tr&#234;n b&#7873; m&#7863;t, &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#244;ng c&#225;o d&#224;i ch&#432;a &#273;&#7847;y ba ph&#250;t &#273;&#7885;c, kh&#244;ng k&#232;m con s&#7889; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh gi&#7853;t g&#226;n, kh&#244;ng c&#243; l&#7877; ra m&#7855;t ho&#224;nh tr&#225;ng, v&#224; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;i k&#232;m b&#7845;t k&#7923; tuy&#234;n b&#7889; c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng n&#224;o. Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c ngh&#236;n nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p &#273;ang b&#225;n h&#224;ng v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;n l&#7867; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t h&#224;nh tinh, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t trong c&#225;ch h&#224;ng h&#243;a di chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; nh&#224; m&#225;y &#273;&#7871;n k&#7879; h&#224;ng k&#7875; t&#7915; khi Walmart ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n k&#7929; thu&#7853;t <strong>cross-docking</strong> v&#224;o <strong>th&#7853;p ni&#234;n 1980</strong>.</p><p>B&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; t&#243;m g&#7885;n trong m&#7897;t c&#226;u: thay v&#236; &#273;&#7875; nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p t&#7921; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n h&#224;ng l&#7867; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915;ng trung t&#226;m ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i, Walmart cho ph&#233;p nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p g&#7917;i to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#224;ng h&#243;a theo <strong>m&#7897;t &#273;&#417;n &#273;&#7863;t h&#224;ng qu&#7889;c gia duy nh&#7845;t</strong> (<em>single national purchase order</em>) v&#7873; <strong>m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m duy nh&#7845;t</strong>, sau &#273;&#243; Walmart s&#7869; t&#7921; gom h&#224;ng v&#224; ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i l&#7841;i t&#7899;i to&#224;n b&#7897; <strong>42 trung t&#226;m ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i v&#249;ng</strong> (<em>Regional Distribution Center</em>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>RDC</strong>) c&#7911;a m&#236;nh tr&#234;n kh&#7855;p n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;. Nghe qua t&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#7915;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, nh&#432;ng ph&#237;a sau c&#226;u m&#244; t&#7843; ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n &#273;&#243; l&#224; <strong>s&#7921; &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c ho&#224;n to&#224;n g&#225;nh n&#7863;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ph&#7889;i logistics &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o</strong>, kh&#226;u m&#224; gi&#7899;i chuy&#234;n m&#244;n g&#7885;i l&#224; ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n hay <strong>first mile</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; hi&#7875;u m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; thay &#273;&#7893;i, c&#7847;n h&#236;nh dung b&#7913;c tranh c&#361;. Tr&#432;&#7899;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh n&#224;y, m&#7897;t nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p quy m&#244; v&#7915;a mu&#7889;n &#273;&#432;a h&#224;ng v&#224;o Walmart ph&#7843;i t&#7921; lo vi&#7879;c v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m t&#7899;i t&#7915;ng RDC m&#224; Walmart ch&#7881; &#273;&#7883;nh. V&#7899;i m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i 42 RDC tr&#7843;i kh&#7855;p l&#227;nh th&#7893; Hoa K&#7923;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n ph&#7843;i g&#7917;i nh&#7919;ng l&#244; h&#224;ng l&#7867;, kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7847;y xe t&#7843;i, theo h&#236;nh th&#7913;c <strong>v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n d&#432;&#7899;i t&#7843;i tr&#7885;ng xe</strong> (<em>Less-Than-Truckload</em>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>LTL</strong>). V&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n LTL v&#7873; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t l&#224; <strong>h&#236;nh th&#7913;c k&#233;m hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; nh&#7845;t v&#224; &#273;&#7855;t &#273;&#7887; nh&#7845;t t&#237;nh tr&#234;n m&#7895;i &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; h&#224;ng h&#243;a</strong>, b&#7903;i v&#236; doanh nghi&#7879;p ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n cho kh&#244;ng gian xe t&#7843;i m&#224; m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng l&#7845;p &#273;&#7847;y, h&#224;ng h&#243;a ph&#7843;i qua nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n trung chuy&#7875;n v&#224; b&#7889;c d&#7905;, th&#7901;i gian giao k&#233;o d&#224;i h&#417;n, v&#224; r&#7911;i ro h&#432; h&#7887;ng c&#361;ng cao h&#417;n. M&#7897;t nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p b&#225;n h&#224;ng v&#224;o nhi&#7873;u v&#249;ng &#273;&#7883;a l&#253; kh&#225;c nhau c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;i duy tr&#236; h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c tuy&#7871;n LTL song song, m&#7895;i tuy&#7871;n l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng, m&#7897;t h&#243;a &#273;&#417;n, m&#7897;t l&#7883;ch tr&#236;nh, v&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#225;t sinh sai s&#243;t.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-55?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-55?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh Prepaid Consolidation x&#243;a b&#7887; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n s&#7921; ph&#226;n m&#7843;nh &#273;&#243;. Thay v&#236; h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y LTL ri&#234;ng l&#7867;, nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p gi&#7901; &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;a h&#224;ng v&#7873; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m gom duy nh&#7845;t. T&#7841;i &#273;&#243;, Walmart s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#225;c <strong>trung t&#226;m gom h&#224;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a</strong> c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>Automated Consolidation Center</strong> (vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>ACC</strong>), &#273;&#7875; h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t h&#224;ng h&#243;a c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p l&#7841;i, bi&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng l&#244; LTL r&#7901;i r&#7841;c th&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng <strong>xe t&#7843;i &#273;&#7847;y t&#7843;i</strong> (<em>Full Truckload</em>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>FTL</strong>) ch&#7841;y th&#7859;ng t&#7899;i c&#225;c RDC. Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i Walmart v&#7853;n h&#224;nh <strong>ba trung t&#226;m gom h&#224;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a</strong> nh&#432; v&#7853;y, &#273;&#7863;t t&#7841;i <strong>Colton (California)</strong>, <strong>Minooka (Illinois)</strong>, v&#224; <strong>Lebanon (Pennsylvania)</strong>, ba v&#7883; tr&#237; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7889; tr&#237; &#273;&#7875; ph&#7911; ba khu v&#7921;c &#273;&#7883;a l&#253; l&#7899;n c&#7911;a n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929; l&#224; b&#7901; T&#226;y, v&#249;ng Trung T&#226;y, v&#224; b&#7901; &#272;&#244;ng. Ch&#237;nh kh&#226;u <strong>h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a</strong> n&#224;y l&#224; tr&#225;i tim c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh, v&#224; c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do Walmart c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#224;o m&#7901;i nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p m&#7897;t m&#7913;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; m&#224; t&#7915;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p ri&#234;ng l&#7867; kh&#243; l&#242;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</p><p>V&#7873; c&#417; ch&#7871; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, Walmart thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh theo h&#432;&#7899;ng m&#224; h&#7885; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh l&#224; <strong>minh b&#7841;ch</strong>. Nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p tr&#7843; m&#7897;t m&#7913;c <strong>ph&#237; t&#237;nh theo t&#7915;ng th&#249;ng h&#224;ng</strong> (<em>price-per-case rate</em>), v&#224; m&#7913;c ph&#237; n&#224;y bao g&#7891;m hai c&#7845;u ph&#7847;n: chi ph&#237; x&#7917; l&#253; th&#249;ng h&#224;ng t&#7841;i trung t&#226;m gom h&#224;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a, v&#224; chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n ch&#7863;ng ra t&#7915; trung t&#226;m gom h&#224;ng t&#7899;i c&#225;c RDC c&#7911;a Walmart. &#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n l&#224;m vi&#7879;c qua c&#225;c nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; logistics b&#234;n th&#7913; ba &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Walmart ph&#234; duy&#7879;t, m&#7913;c gi&#225; s&#7869; theo t&#7915;ng v&#249;ng c&#7909; th&#7875; v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ni&#234;m y&#7871;t c&#244;ng khai tr&#234;n <strong>b&#7843;ng gi&#225;</strong> (<em>rate card</em>) do ch&#237;nh Walmart ph&#225;t h&#224;nh, v&#7899;i cam k&#7871;t r&#7857;ng c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i t&#225;c b&#234;n th&#7913; ba <strong>kh&#244;ng c&#7897;ng th&#234;m b&#7845;t k&#7923; kho&#7843;n ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch n&#224;o</strong> l&#234;n c&#225;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; do Walmart th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t chi ti&#7871;t &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, b&#7903;i n&#243; cho th&#7845;y Walmart mu&#7889;n <strong>ki&#7875;m so&#225;t ch&#7863;t ch&#7869; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c gi&#225;</strong> v&#224; ng&#259;n t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;&#7897;i gi&#225; qua trung gian.</p><p>M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; Walmart &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh trong th&#244;ng c&#225;o, v&#224; c&#361;ng l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m d&#7877; b&#7883; b&#7887; qua n&#7871;u &#273;&#7885;c l&#432;&#7899;t, l&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh <strong>kh&#244;ng &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n tr&#7843; tr&#432;&#7899;c</strong> (<em>prepaid freight terms</em>) hi&#7879;n c&#243;. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, Walmart &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; Prepaid Consolidation nh&#432; m&#7897;t <strong>l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n b&#7893; sung</strong>, m&#7897;t d&#7883;ch v&#7909; m&#224; nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7885;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t y&#234;u c&#7847;u b&#7855;t bu&#7897;c k&#232;m theo vi&#7879;c t&#225;i &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng. Nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p c&#243; hai con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng tham gia: ho&#7863;c <strong>qu&#7843;n l&#253; l&#244; h&#224;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p th&#244;ng qua Walmart</strong>, ho&#7863;c l&#224;m vi&#7879;c qua <strong>ba nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; logistics b&#234;n th&#7913; ba</strong> &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Walmart ph&#234; duy&#7879;t, g&#7891;m <strong>C.H. Robinson</strong>, <strong>Hub Group</strong>, v&#224; <strong>RJW Logistics</strong>, t&#7845;t c&#7843; &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; nh&#7919;ng t&#234;n tu&#7893;i l&#7899;n v&#224; uy t&#237;n trong ng&#224;nh logistics B&#7855;c M&#7929;.</p><p>L&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; &#244;ng <strong>Mike Gray, Ph&#243; Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch c&#7845;p cao ph&#7909; tr&#225;ch Chu&#7895;i Cung &#7912;ng c&#7911;a Walmart U.S.</strong> &#212;ng nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng Walmart &#273;ang t&#7853;p trung l&#224;m cho chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n <strong>&#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#417;n, nhanh h&#417;n v&#224; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n</strong> cho nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i v&#7851;n gi&#7919; h&#224;ng h&#243;a lu&#244;n c&#243; s&#7861;n tr&#234;n k&#7879; cho kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng. B&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c c&#7911;ng c&#7889; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n, theo l&#7901;i &#244;ng, Walmart &#273;ang gi&#7843;m b&#7899;t s&#7921; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p v&#224; gi&#7919; cho h&#224;ng h&#243;a lu&#244;n l&#432;u chuy&#7875;n, &#273;&#7875; c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c mang l&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u gi&#225; tr&#7883; h&#417;n m&#7895;i ng&#224;y. Th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t th&#7859;ng v&#224;o tri&#7871;t l&#253; c&#7889;t l&#245;i m&#224; Walmart theo &#273;u&#7893;i su&#7889;t s&#225;u th&#7853;p k&#7927;: <strong>Gi&#225; Th&#7845;p M&#7895;i Ng&#224;y</strong> (<em>Everyday Low Prices</em>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>EDLP</strong>). M&#7885;i &#273;&#7891;ng chi ph&#237; c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trong chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng c&#243; th&#7875; d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; gi&#225; b&#225;n th&#7845;p, v&#224; do &#273;&#243; m&#7885;i c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i Walmart kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; chuy&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; n&#7897;i b&#7897; m&#224; l&#224; chuy&#7879;n <strong>v&#361; kh&#237; c&#7841;nh tranh chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c</strong>.</p><p>V&#7873; ph&#237;a l&#7907;i &#237;ch m&#224; Walmart h&#7913;a h&#7865;n cho nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p, th&#244;ng c&#225;o li&#7879;t k&#234; kh&#225; r&#245; r&#224;ng. Nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#432;&#7903;ng quy tr&#236;nh v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a v&#7899;i <strong>m&#7897;t &#273;&#417;n &#273;&#7863;t h&#224;ng qu&#7889;c gia v&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n duy nh&#7845;t</strong>, m&#7897;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c gi&#225; minh b&#7841;ch, v&#224; quy&#7873;n ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i to&#224;n qu&#7889;c c&#7911;a Walmart. M&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y, theo Walmart, <strong>c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; m&#224; kh&#244;ng bu&#7897;c nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n</strong>, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7875; <strong>gi&#7843;m t&#7893;ng chi ph&#237;</strong> v&#224; <strong>r&#250;t ng&#7855;n th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#432;a h&#224;ng l&#234;n k&#7879;</strong>. &#7902; ph&#237;a n&#7897;i b&#7897; Walmart, l&#7907;i &#237;ch c&#242;n l&#7899;n h&#417;n: b&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t c&#225;c l&#244; h&#224;ng &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o v&#224; ph&#226;n b&#7893; t&#7891;n kho qua to&#224;n b&#7897; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i RDC, Walmart c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <strong>t&#237;nh nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n c&#7911;a d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y h&#224;ng h&#243;a</strong> v&#224; <strong>gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7897; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng</strong>, t&#7915; &#273;&#243; n&#226;ng cao <strong>&#273;&#7897; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7893; sung h&#224;ng</strong> (<em>replenishment</em>) v&#224; c&#7911;ng c&#7889; <strong>t&#7927; l&#7879; h&#224;ng c&#243; s&#7861;n tr&#234;n k&#7879;</strong> (<em>in-stock performance</em>) t&#7841;i c&#225;c c&#7917;a h&#224;ng. Trong ng&#244;n ng&#7919; b&#225;n l&#7867;, t&#7927; l&#7879; in-stock l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ch&#7881; s&#7889; s&#7889;ng c&#242;n, b&#7903;i m&#7895;i l&#7847;n kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng &#273;&#7871;n k&#7879; v&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n doanh thu b&#7883; m&#7845;t tr&#7855;ng v&#224; l&#242;ng trung th&#224;nh b&#7883; b&#224;o m&#242;n.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng k&#233;m l&#224; <strong>nh&#7919;ng g&#236; Walmart &#273;&#227; kh&#244;ng c&#244;ng b&#7889;</strong>. T&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m ra m&#7855;t, Walmart <strong>ch&#432;a c&#244;ng khai con s&#7889; ph&#237; c&#7909; th&#7875;</strong> t&#237;nh tr&#234;n m&#7895;i th&#249;ng h&#224;ng, <strong>ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;a ra b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#7927; l&#7879; ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m n&#224;o</strong>, v&#224; c&#361;ng <strong>ch&#432;a n&#234;u t&#234;n nh&#7919;ng nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p n&#224;o n&#7857;m trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n tri&#7875;n khai &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n</strong>. Walmart ch&#7881; cho bi&#7871;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <strong>m&#7903; r&#7897;ng theo t&#7915;ng giai &#273;o&#7841;n</strong>, v&#224; vi&#7879;c tham gia s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <strong>&#432;u ti&#234;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7873; s&#7843;n l&#432;&#7907;ng v&#224; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng</strong> c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. Nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p quan t&#226;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n li&#234;n h&#7879; qua m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7881; th&#432; &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; chuy&#234;n tr&#225;ch ho&#7863;c th&#244;ng qua c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i t&#225;c logistics tham gia ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m hi&#7875;u &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n. S&#7921; thi&#7871;u v&#7855;ng c&#225;c con s&#7889; c&#7909; th&#7875; n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; chi ti&#7871;t v&#244; ngh&#297;a; n&#243; cho th&#7845;y &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;ang trong <strong>giai &#273;o&#7841;n cu&#7889;n chi&#7871;u th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng</strong>, v&#224; n&#243; c&#361;ng &#273;&#7863;t nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p v&#224;o th&#7871; ph&#7843;i <strong>t&#7921; m&#236;nh t&#237;nh to&#225;n b&#224;i to&#225;n chi ph&#237;</strong> thay v&#236; d&#7921;a v&#224;o m&#7897;t l&#7901;i h&#7913;a ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ni&#234;m y&#7871;t s&#7861;n.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; &#273;&#7863;t quy m&#244; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh v&#224;o &#273;&#250;ng b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh, c&#7847;n nh&#7899; Walmart l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o. Theo ch&#237;nh th&#244;ng c&#225;o, m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n c&#243; kho&#7843;ng <strong>280 tri&#7879;u l&#432;&#7907;t kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng v&#224; h&#7897;i vi&#234;n</strong> gh&#233; th&#259;m <strong>h&#417;n 10.900 c&#7917;a h&#224;ng</strong> c&#249;ng nhi&#7873;u trang th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; t&#7841;i <strong>19 qu&#7889;c gia</strong>. <strong>Doanh thu n&#259;m t&#224;i ch&#237;nh 2026</strong> c&#7911;a t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n &#273;&#7841;t <strong>713 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong>, v&#7899;i kho&#7843;ng <strong>2,1 tri&#7879;u nh&#226;n vi&#234;n</strong> tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u. Khi m&#7897;t th&#7921;c th&#7875; &#7903; quy m&#244; n&#224;y thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch n&#243; ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o, to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p v&#224; c&#225;c h&#227;ng v&#7853;n t&#7843;i ph&#7909;c v&#7909; n&#243; bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh theo. &#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do m&#7897;t th&#244;ng c&#225;o ba ph&#250;t &#273;&#7885;c, kh&#244;ng k&#232;m con s&#7889; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh n&#224;o, l&#7841;i x&#7913;ng &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7893; x&#7867; k&#7929; l&#432;&#7905;ng qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh. B&#7903;i v&#236; trong logistics, <strong>nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7863;ng l&#7869; nh&#7845;t &#7903; ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t &#7903; to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i</strong>.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #55: 42 DCs Into 1 Automated Hub, A Lesson in Transport Waste.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-55</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-55</guid><pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2026 15:01:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #55 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CvFQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75096f1-bd87-45c7-943f-b60df7e71eba_1410x1182.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On <strong>May 26, 2026</strong>, from its headquarters in <strong>Bentonville, Arkansas</strong>, <strong>Walmart</strong> announced a new supply chain strategy called <strong>Prepaid Consolidation</strong>. On the surface, this was merely a press release that takes less than three minutes to read, with no sensational financial figures, no grand launch event, and no revolutionary declarations attached. But for the tens of thousands of suppliers selling into the largest retail system on the planet, it is one of the most important structural changes in how goods move from factory to shelf since Walmart popularized the <strong>cross-docking</strong> technique in the <strong>1980s</strong>.</p><p>The essence of the program can be summed up in one sentence: instead of having suppliers transport their goods piecemeal to each distribution center, Walmart allows suppliers to send all their goods under a <strong>single national purchase order</strong> to <strong>one single location</strong>, after which Walmart itself consolidates the goods and redistributes them across all <strong>42 regional distribution centers</strong> (<strong>RDCs</strong>) throughout the United States. It sounds simple, but behind that brief description lies a <strong>complete reversal of the burden of coordinating inbound logistics</strong>, the stage that professionals call the <strong>first mile</strong>.</p><p>To understand the scale of the change, one must picture the old landscape. Before this program, a mid-sized supplier wanting to get goods into Walmart had to arrange transportation of its products to each individual RDC that Walmart designated. With a network of 42 RDCs spread across U.S. territory, this meant suppliers frequently had to ship small, less-than-full-truckload shipments via the <strong>Less-Than-Truckload (LTL)</strong> method. LTL shipping is by nature the <strong>least efficient and most expensive form per unit of goods</strong>, because the business pays for truck space it does not fill, the goods pass through multiple transfers and handling points, delivery times stretch longer, and the risk of damage is higher. A supplier selling into many different geographic regions might have to maintain dozens of parallel LTL lanes, each one a separate contract, a separate invoice, a separate schedule, and a separate point where errors can arise.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-55?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-55?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>The Prepaid Consolidation program eliminates most of that fragmentation. Instead of dozens of separate LTL flows, suppliers now only need to bring their goods to a single consolidation point. There, Walmart uses its <strong>automated consolidation centers</strong>, called <strong>Automated Consolidation Centers (ACC)</strong>, to merge the goods of many suppliers together, turning scattered LTL shipments into <strong>Full Truckload (FTL)</strong> trucks running straight to the RDCs. Walmart currently operates <strong>three automated consolidation centers</strong>, located in <strong>Colton (California)</strong>, <strong>Minooka (Illinois)</strong>, and <strong>Lebanon (Pennsylvania)</strong>, three sites positioned to cover the three major geographic regions of the United States: the West Coast, the Midwest, and the East Coast. This <strong>automated consolidation</strong> step is the heart of the program, and also the reason Walmart can offer suppliers a level of efficiency that an individual business could hardly achieve on its own.</p><p>On the financial mechanism, Walmart designed the program in a way it emphasizes as <strong>transparent</strong>. Suppliers pay a <strong>price-per-case rate</strong>, and this rate covers two components: the cost of case handling at the automated consolidation center, and the cost of outbound transportation from the consolidation center to Walmart&#8217;s RDCs. For suppliers who choose to work through Walmart-approved third-party logistics providers, pricing is region-specific and publicly listed on a <strong>rate card</strong> issued by Walmart itself, with a commitment that the third-party partners <strong>add no additional markup</strong> on the services Walmart performs. This is a noteworthy detail, because it shows Walmart wants to <strong>tightly control the price structure</strong> and prevent price inflation through intermediaries.</p><p>One point Walmart particularly emphasized in the announcement, and one easily missed on a quick read, is that the program <strong>does not require suppliers to change their existing prepaid freight terms</strong>. In other words, Walmart positions Prepaid Consolidation as an <strong>optional add-on</strong>, a service that suppliers can choose to use to simplify operations, rather than a mandatory requirement that comes with renegotiating the entire contract. Suppliers have two paths to participate: either <strong>manage the shipment directly through Walmart</strong>, or work through <strong>three Walmart-approved third-party logistics providers</strong> &#8212; <strong>C.H. Robinson</strong>, <strong>Hub Group</strong>, and <strong>RJW Logistics</strong> &#8212; all major and reputable names in the North American logistics industry.</p><p>The official statement came from <strong>Mike Gray, Senior Vice President of Supply Chain at Walmart U.S.</strong> He emphasized that Walmart is focused on making the supply chain <strong>simpler, faster, and more efficient</strong> for suppliers, while keeping goods in stock for customers. By strengthening its first-mile capabilities, in his words, Walmart is reducing complexity and keeping goods moving, so it can continue to deliver even more value every day. This message is placed squarely within the core philosophy Walmart has pursued for six decades: <strong>Everyday Low Prices (EDLP)</strong>. Every dollar of cost cut from the supply chain is a dollar that can be used to keep retail prices low, and therefore every operational improvement, for Walmart, is not merely a matter of internal efficiency but a matter of <strong>strategic competitive weaponry</strong>.</p><p>On the benefits Walmart promises suppliers, the announcement lays them out fairly clearly. Suppliers enjoy a simplified shipping process with <strong>one national purchase order and a single destination</strong>, a transparent price structure, and access to Walmart&#8217;s national distribution network. This model, according to Walmart, <strong>improves efficiency without forcing suppliers to change freight terms</strong>, and can also <strong>reduce total cost</strong> and <strong>shorten time to shelf</strong>. On Walmart&#8217;s internal side, the benefit is even greater: by consolidating inbound shipments and allocating inventory across its entire RDC network, Walmart improves the <strong>consistency of goods flow</strong> and <strong>reduces variability</strong>, thereby enhancing the <strong>accuracy of replenishment</strong> and strengthening <strong>in-stock performance</strong> at stores. In retail language, the in-stock rate is one of the make-or-break metrics, because every time a customer reaches a shelf and does not find the product, it is a sale lost outright and loyalty eroded.</p><p>Just as important, however, is <strong>what Walmart did not announce</strong>. As of launch, Walmart has <strong>not disclosed the specific per-case fee</strong>, has <strong>not given any savings percentage</strong>, and has <strong>not named which suppliers are in the first rollout phase</strong>. Walmart only stated that the program will be <strong>expanded in phases</strong>, and that participation will be <strong>prioritized based on volume alignment and capacity expansion</strong>. Interested suppliers are directed to contact a dedicated email address or one of the participating logistics partners to explore eligibility. The absence of these specific numbers is not a meaningless detail; it shows this is a program in a <strong>cautious rolling phase</strong>, and it also puts suppliers in a position where they must <strong>calculate the cost equation themselves</strong> rather than rely on a pre-listed savings promise.</p><p>To place the decision-maker&#8217;s scale in proper context, one must remember how large Walmart is. According to the announcement itself, each week approximately <strong>280 million customers and members</strong> visit <strong>more than 10,900 stores</strong> along with numerous e-commerce sites across <strong>19 countries</strong>. The group&#8217;s <strong>fiscal year 2026 revenue</strong> reached <strong>$713 billion</strong>, with roughly <strong>2.1 million associates</strong> worldwide. When an entity of this scale changes how it receives inbound goods, the entire ecosystem of suppliers and the carriers serving it is forced to adjust accordingly. That is why a three-minute press release, with no financial figures attached, deserves to be dissected carefully through an operational lens. Because in logistics, <strong>the quietest changes at the first mile often produce the largest shifts across the entire rest of the chain</strong>.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #54: DHL Fuel Surcharge Jumps 93% Today While Amazon Opens Its Entire Supply Chain to Outsiders.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-54</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-54</guid><pubDate>Sat, 30 May 2026 18:00:50 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #54 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GLlr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dfe27db-723f-4c26-9fec-fa727ea125e6_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>At exactly midnight on May 30, 2026, a change that appeared to be merely a minor update to the shipping fee schedule of <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> took effect, but its impact rippled across millions of e-commerce orders throughout the United States. <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> increased its domestic <strong>fuel surcharge</strong> from <strong>$0.15 per pound</strong> to <strong>$0.29 per pound</strong>, a <strong>93% increase</strong> overnight. But the 93% figure is not the whole story. Along with the surcharge increase, <strong>DHL</strong> simultaneously changed its pricing structure in a way that disadvantages small-volume shippers: all packages with a billable weight under 1 pound will now be assessed a minimum fuel surcharge equal to a <strong>full 1 pound</strong>, completely eliminating the lightweight discount that many <strong>Direct-to-Consumer</strong> (abbreviated as <strong>DTC</strong>) e-commerce businesses had relied upon for years. According to a detailed analysis from <strong>Intelligent Audit</strong>, under the previous surcharge structure, the domestic fuel surcharge schedule for <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> ranged from <strong>$0.05 to $0.19 per pound</strong> depending on market diesel prices. As of May 30, 2026, the new schedule rises to a range of <strong>$0.19 to $0.36 per pound</strong>, nearly doubling the previous ceiling. Even more notably, <strong>DHL</strong> expanded its surcharge table up to a fuel price of <strong>$8.20 per gallon</strong>, a clear signal that the company is preparing for a scenario of prolonged and significantly more severe fuel volatility than the current situation in the near future.</p><p>With the <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> network focused specifically on the <strong>lightweight residential shipments</strong> segment, the actual impact on shippers is far greater than the percentage figure in the headline suggests. Imagine a business selling cosmetics online with an average weight of only <strong>0.3 pounds</strong> per package. Before May 30, this business was charged fuel surcharges based on actual weight. After May 30, they must pay the surcharge for a full <strong>1 pound</strong>, meaning more than triple the previous rate for the same product, the same route, the same delivery speed, without receiving any additional service value. <strong>Ebb Logistics Consulting</strong>, a U.S.-based logistics consulting firm, advises businesses currently shipping through <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> to immediately review recent invoice data, identify total shipping weight, average billable weight per package, service mix utilization, zone distribution, and surcharge costs per shipment batch, then model the <strong>$0.14 per pound</strong> increase across their entire actual shipping history to assess the precise financial impact.</p><p>But what makes the 93% surcharge story far more complex is the context in which it occurs. Just two days before the new surcharge took effect, on <strong>May 28, 2026</strong>, <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> and the <strong>United States Postal Service (USPS)</strong> jointly announced a <strong>long-term exclusive agreement valued at over $10 billion</strong> for <strong>last-mile delivery</strong> service across the entire United States. Under this agreement, <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> will handle nationwide pickup, sorting at <strong>19 fully automated sorting centers</strong>, and linehaul transportation via its air and ground network, before handing off to <strong>USPS</strong> for last-mile delivery completion. <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> leverages the <strong>USPS</strong> last-mile network, a network covering more than <strong>41,550 ZIP Codes</strong> and over <strong>170 million delivery points</strong>, six days per week. This $10 billion agreement is the largest in the 25-year partnership history between <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> and <strong>USPS</strong>, and it raises an obvious question: is the 93% surcharge increase <strong>DHL&#8217;s</strong> way of shifting part of the cost of this massive agreement onto shippers?</p><p>At precisely the moment <strong>DHL</strong> was restructuring its relationship with <strong>USPS</strong> and raising surcharges, another development was changing the landscape of the U.S. logistics market in an entirely opposite direction. On <strong>May 4, 2026</strong>, <strong>Amazon</strong> officially launched <strong>Amazon Supply Chain Services</strong> (abbreviated as <strong>ASCS</strong>), opening its entire transportation, warehousing, fulfillment, and last-mile delivery capabilities to all businesses outside the <strong>Amazon</strong> ecosystem, not limited to sellers on the <strong>Amazon.com</strong> marketplace. <strong>ASCS</strong> integrates multimodal freight services including ocean, air, ground, and rail, combined with distribution and fulfillment at warehouse systems operated by more than <strong>1 million Amazon Robotics robots</strong>, and last-mile delivery through its proprietary <strong>Amazon Shipping</strong> network. <strong>Amazon&#8217;s</strong> fleet in North America as of Q1 2026 includes more than <strong>80,000 dry van trailers</strong>, more than <strong>24,000 intermodal containers</strong>, more than <strong>40,000 semi trucks</strong>, more than <strong>30,000 delivery vans</strong>, more than <strong>25,000 electric vehicles</strong> (with a target of 100,000 by 2030), and more than <strong>110 cargo aircraft</strong> in the <strong>Amazon Air</strong> fleet. The first major brands to sign up for <strong>ASCS</strong> include <strong>Procter and Gamble</strong>, <strong>3M</strong>, <strong>Lands&#8217; End</strong>, and <strong>American Eagle Outfitters</strong>. <strong>Amazon</strong> targets customers in the retail, manufacturing, healthcare, and automotive industries, positioning <strong>ASCS</strong> as a comprehensive third-party logistics (<strong>3PL</strong>) solution with advantages no traditional logistics provider can match: an <strong>artificial intelligence</strong> forecasting model trained on the world&#8217;s largest supply chain dataset, and a fulfillment fuel surcharge of only <strong>3.5%</strong>, an extraordinarily modest figure when placed alongside the 93% increase from <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong>.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #54: DHL Tăng Phụ Phí Nhiên Liệu 93% Từ Hôm Nay, Trong Khi Amazon Mở Toàn Bộ Chuỗi Cung Ứng Cho Bên Ngoài.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-54</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-54</guid><pubDate>Sat, 30 May 2026 17:01:27 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 54 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png" width="1410" height="1182" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1182,&quot;width&quot;:1410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:112182,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/199877462?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-wyc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c2da96b-ff7f-471e-bf0e-b2932677c915_1410x1182.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>&#272;&#250;ng 0 gi&#7901; ng&#224;y 30 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, m&#7897;t thay &#273;&#7893;i t&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#7915;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; d&#242;ng c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t nh&#7887; trong bi&#7875;u ph&#237; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n c&#7911;a <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c, nh&#432;ng t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a n&#243; lan t&#7887;a qua h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; tr&#234;n kh&#7855;p n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;. <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> t&#259;ng <strong>ph&#7909; ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a t&#7915; <strong>0,15 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i pound</strong> l&#234;n <strong>0,29 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i pound</strong>, m&#7897;t m&#7913;c t&#259;ng <strong>93%</strong> ch&#7881; sau m&#7897;t &#273;&#234;m. Nh&#432;ng con s&#7889; 93% ch&#432;a ph&#7843;i l&#224; to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n. C&#249;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c t&#259;ng ph&#7909; ph&#237;, <strong>DHL</strong> &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#237;nh ph&#237; theo h&#432;&#7899;ng b&#7845;t l&#7907;i cho ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#7917;i h&#224;ng nh&#7887; l&#7867;: t&#7845;t c&#7843; ki&#7879;n h&#224;ng c&#243; tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#237;nh ph&#237; d&#432;&#7899;i 1 pound gi&#7901; &#273;&#226;y s&#7869; b&#7883; &#225;p m&#7913;c ph&#7909; ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u b&#7857;ng <strong>1 pound &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;</strong>, x&#243;a b&#7887; ho&#224;n to&#224;n &#432;u &#273;&#227;i tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#7865; m&#224; nhi&#7873;u doanh nghi&#7879;p th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; b&#225;n h&#224;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#234;u d&#249;ng (<strong>Direct-to-Consumer</strong>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>DTC</strong>) &#273;&#227; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m qua. Theo ph&#226;n t&#237;ch chi ti&#7871;t t&#7915; <strong>Intelligent Audit</strong>, d&#432;&#7899;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ph&#7909; ph&#237; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, bi&#7875;u gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a c&#7911;a <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> dao &#273;&#7897;ng trong kho&#7843;ng t&#7915; <strong>0,05 &#273;&#7871;n 0,19 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i pound</strong> t&#249;y theo gi&#225; diesel tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. K&#7875; t&#7915; ng&#224;y 30 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, bi&#7875;u gi&#225; m&#7899;i t&#259;ng l&#234;n d&#7843;i <strong>0,19 &#273;&#7871;n 0,36 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i pound</strong>, g&#7847;n g&#7845;p &#273;&#244;i m&#7913;c tr&#7847;n c&#361;. &#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; h&#417;n n&#7919;a, <strong>DHL</strong> c&#242;n m&#7903; r&#7897;ng b&#7843;ng bi&#7875;u ph&#237; l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u <strong>8,20 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i gallon</strong>, m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u r&#245; r&#224;ng r&#7857;ng c&#244;ng ty &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u k&#233;o d&#224;i v&#224; nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai g&#7847;n.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-54?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-54?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>V&#7899;i m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> t&#7853;p trung &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&#224;o ph&#226;n kh&#250;c ki&#7879;n h&#224;ng nh&#7865; giao &#273;&#7871;n nh&#224; (<strong>lightweight residential shipments</strong>), t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#234;n ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#7917;i h&#224;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i con s&#7889; ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m tr&#234;n ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; g&#7907;i &#253;. H&#227;y h&#236;nh dung m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p b&#225;n m&#7929; ph&#7849;m tr&#7921;c tuy&#7871;n v&#7899;i tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng trung b&#236;nh ch&#7881; <strong>0,3 pound</strong> m&#7895;i ki&#7879;n h&#224;ng. Tr&#432;&#7899;c ng&#224;y 30 th&#225;ng 5, doanh nghi&#7879;p n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh ph&#7909; ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u theo tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871;. Sau ng&#224;y 30 th&#225;ng 5, h&#7885; ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; ph&#7909; ph&#237; cho &#273;&#7911; <strong>1 pound</strong>, t&#7913;c l&#224; g&#7845;p h&#417;n ba l&#7847;n m&#7913;c c&#361; cho c&#249;ng m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m, c&#249;ng m&#7897;t tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng, c&#249;ng m&#7897;t t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; giao h&#224;ng, m&#224; kh&#244;ng nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#234;m b&#7845;t k&#7923; gi&#225; tr&#7883; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; n&#224;o. <strong>Ebb Logistics Consulting</strong>, m&#7897;t c&#244;ng ty t&#432; v&#7845;n logistics c&#243; tr&#7909; s&#7903; t&#7841;i M&#7929;, khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o c&#225;c doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;ang g&#7917;i h&#224;ng qua <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> n&#234;n ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c r&#224; so&#225;t d&#7919; li&#7879;u h&#243;a &#273;&#417;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh t&#7893;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng g&#7917;i, tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#237;nh ph&#237; trung b&#236;nh tr&#234;n m&#7895;i ki&#7879;n, c&#417; c&#7845;u d&#7883;ch v&#7909; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng, ph&#226;n b&#7893; zone (v&#249;ng giao h&#224;ng), v&#224; chi ph&#237; ph&#7909; ph&#237; theo t&#7915;ng l&#244; h&#224;ng, sau &#273;&#243; m&#244; h&#236;nh h&#243;a m&#7913;c t&#259;ng <strong>0,14 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i pound</strong> l&#234;n to&#224;n b&#7897; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; g&#7917;i h&#224;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ch&#237;nh x&#225;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n ph&#7909; ph&#237; 93% tr&#7903; n&#234;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u l&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh m&#224; n&#243; x&#7843;y ra. Ch&#7881; hai ng&#224;y tr&#432;&#7899;c khi m&#7913;c ph&#7909; ph&#237; m&#7899;i c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c, v&#224;o ng&#224;y <strong>28 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> v&#224; <strong>B&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n Hoa K&#7923; (USPS)</strong> c&#249;ng c&#244;ng b&#7889; m&#7897;t <strong>th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;c quy&#7873;n d&#224;i h&#7841;n tr&#7883; gi&#225; h&#417;n 10 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> cho d&#7883;ch v&#7909; giao h&#224;ng ch&#7863;ng cu&#7889;i (<strong>last-mile delivery</strong>) tr&#234;n to&#224;n n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;. Theo th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n n&#224;y, <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> s&#7869; &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c thu gom h&#224;ng tr&#234;n to&#224;n qu&#7889;c, ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i t&#7841;i <strong>19 trung t&#226;m ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a</strong> ho&#224;n to&#224;n, v&#224; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#224;i b&#7857;ng m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7897; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, tr&#432;&#7899;c khi chuy&#7875;n giao cho <strong>USPS</strong> &#273;&#7875; ho&#224;n t&#7845;t giao h&#224;ng ch&#7863;ng cu&#7889;i. <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i ch&#7863;ng cu&#7889;i c&#7911;a <strong>USPS</strong>, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i bao ph&#7911; h&#417;n <strong>41.550 m&#227; b&#432;u ch&#237;nh (ZIP Code)</strong> v&#224; h&#417;n <strong>170 tri&#7879;u &#273;i&#7875;m giao h&#224;ng</strong>, s&#225;u ng&#224;y m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n. Th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n tr&#7883; gi&#225; 10 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la n&#224;y l&#224; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong 25 n&#259;m quan h&#7879; h&#7907;p t&#225;c gi&#7919;a <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong> v&#224; <strong>USPS</strong>, v&#224; n&#243; &#273;&#7863;t ra c&#226;u h&#7887;i r&#245; r&#224;ng: li&#7879;u m&#7913;c t&#259;ng ph&#7909; ph&#237; 93% c&#243; ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#225;ch <strong>DHL</strong> chuy&#7875;n m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n chi ph&#237; c&#7911;a th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; n&#224;y sang ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#7917;i h&#224;ng?</p><p>&#272;&#250;ng v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m <strong>DHL</strong> t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; v&#7899;i <strong>USPS</strong> v&#224; t&#259;ng ph&#7909; ph&#237;, m&#7897;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#225;i kh&#225;c &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7909;c di&#7879;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng logistics M&#7929; theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i. Ng&#224;y <strong>4 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, <strong>Amazon</strong> ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c ra m&#7855;t <strong>Amazon Supply Chain Services</strong> (vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>ASCS</strong>), m&#7903; to&#224;n b&#7897; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c v&#7853;n t&#7843;i, kho b&#227;i, fulfillment (x&#7917; l&#253; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng), v&#224; giao h&#224;ng ch&#7863;ng cu&#7889;i cho m&#7885;i doanh nghi&#7879;p b&#234;n ngo&#224;i h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i <strong>Amazon</strong>, kh&#244;ng gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#225;n tr&#234;n s&#224;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; <strong>Amazon.com</strong>. <strong>ASCS</strong> t&#237;ch h&#7907;p d&#7883;ch v&#7909; v&#7853;n t&#7843;i &#273;a ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c bao g&#7891;m &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7875;n, h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7897;, v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7855;t, k&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i v&#224; fulfillment t&#7841;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kho &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh b&#7903;i h&#417;n <strong>1 tri&#7879;u robot Amazon Robotics</strong>, v&#224; giao h&#224;ng ch&#7863;ng cu&#7889;i qua m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i ri&#234;ng <strong>Amazon Shipping</strong>. &#272;&#7897;i xe c&#7911;a <strong>Amazon</strong> t&#7841;i B&#7855;c M&#7929; t&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n qu&#253; 1 n&#259;m 2026 bao g&#7891;m h&#417;n <strong>80.000 r&#417;-mo&#243;c container kh&#244;</strong>, h&#417;n <strong>24.000 container li&#234;n v&#7853;n (intermodal)</strong>, h&#417;n <strong>40.000 &#273;&#7847;u k&#233;o b&#225;n t&#7843;i (semi trucks)</strong>, h&#417;n <strong>30.000 xe van giao h&#224;ng</strong>, h&#417;n <strong>25.000 xe &#273;i&#7879;n</strong> (v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u 100.000 v&#224;o n&#259;m 2030), v&#224; h&#417;n <strong>110 m&#225;y bay v&#7853;n t&#7843;i</strong> thu&#7897;c &#273;&#7897;i bay <strong>Amazon Air</strong>. C&#225;c th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;u l&#7899;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng <strong>ASCS</strong> bao g&#7891;m <strong>Procter and Gamble</strong>, <strong>3M</strong>, <strong>Lands&#8217; End</strong>, v&#224; <strong>American Eagle Outfitters</strong>. <strong>Amazon</strong> nh&#7855;m &#273;&#7871;n kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng trong c&#225;c ng&#224;nh b&#225;n l&#7867;, s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, y t&#7871;, v&#224; &#244; t&#244;, &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; <strong>ASCS</strong> nh&#432; m&#7897;t gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p logistics b&#234;n th&#7913; ba (<strong>3PL</strong>) to&#224;n di&#7879;n v&#7899;i l&#7907;i th&#7871; m&#224; kh&#244;ng nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p logistics truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng n&#224;o c&#243; th&#7875; s&#225;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c: m&#244; h&#236;nh d&#7921; b&#225;o <strong>tr&#237; tu&#7879; nh&#226;n t&#7841;o</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n tr&#234;n b&#7897; d&#7919; li&#7879;u chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, v&#224; ph&#7909; ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u cho d&#7883;ch v&#7909; fulfillment ch&#7881; &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>3,5%</strong>, m&#7897;t con s&#7889; v&#244; c&#249;ng khi&#234;m t&#7889;n khi &#273;&#7863;t c&#7841;nh m&#7913;c t&#259;ng 93% c&#7911;a <strong>DHL eCommerce</strong>.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #53: Chín Năm Im Lặng, Rồi 200 Máy Bay: Trung Quốc Mở Lại Cánh Cửa Boeing Tưởng Đã Khóa.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-53</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-53</guid><pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 15:00:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 53 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:128768,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/198903631?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gsGR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe2a965e9-ad12-4cd6-b110-32ae63f7836c_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>20 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, <strong>B&#7897; Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong> ra tuy&#234;n b&#7889; m&#224; ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;&#227; ch&#7901; &#273;&#7907;i g&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7853;p k&#7927;: Trung Qu&#7889;c s&#7869; mua <strong>200 m&#225;y bay Boeing</strong>, c&#249;ng &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; v&#224; ph&#7909; t&#249;ng, &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u <strong>&#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n t&#7915; Trung Qu&#7889;c cho Boeing k&#7875; t&#7915; th&#225;ng 11 n&#259;m 2017</strong>. X&#225;c nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7871;n s&#225;u ng&#224;y sau khi th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u trong chuy&#7871;n th&#259;m c&#7845;p nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c c&#7911;a T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng <strong>Donald Trump</strong> t&#7841;i B&#7855;c Kinh ng&#224;y <strong>14-15 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, n&#417;i CEO Boeing <strong>Kelly Ortberg</strong> v&#224; CEO GE Aerospace <strong>Larry Culp</strong> tham gia ph&#225;i &#273;o&#224;n m&#432;&#7901;i hai l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o doanh nghi&#7879;p M&#7929; c&#7845;p cao, bao g&#7891;m <strong>Tim Cook, Jensen Huang v&#224; Elon Musk</strong>, cho c&#225;c cu&#7897;c g&#7863;p v&#7899;i quan ch&#7913;c kinh t&#7871; h&#224;ng &#273;&#7847;u Trung Qu&#7889;c. Ortberg g&#7863;p <strong>Ch&#7911; nhi&#7879;m &#7910;y ban C&#7843;i c&#225;ch v&#224; Ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n Qu&#7889;c gia (NDRC) Tr&#7883;nh S&#225;ch Khi&#7871;t</strong> &#273;&#7875; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; vi&#7879;c l&#224;m s&#226;u th&#234;m h&#7907;p t&#225;c trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng. Culp g&#7863;p Ph&#243; Ch&#7911; nhi&#7879;m NDRC <strong>L&#253; Xu&#226;n L&#226;m</strong>, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#224;y t&#7887; hy v&#7885;ng GE Aerospace s&#7869; t&#259;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c. C&#7843; hai CEO tham d&#7921; phi&#234;n h&#7885;p ri&#234;ng v&#7899;i <strong>Th&#7911; t&#432;&#7899;ng L&#253; C&#432;&#7901;ng</strong> c&#249;ng c&#225;c l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o M&#7929; kh&#225;c, v&#224; t&#7841;i qu&#7889;c y&#7871;n c&#7911;a <strong>Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch T&#7853;p C&#7853;n B&#236;nh</strong>, Ortberg v&#224; Culp &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7871;p ng&#7891;i c&#7841;nh ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch c&#7911;a <strong>Air China</strong> v&#224; <strong>COMAC</strong>, nh&#224; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t m&#225;y bay nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c, m&#7897;t s&#7855;p &#273;&#7863;t bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7863;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a Boeing v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#7911;a COMAC tr&#234;n c&#249;ng b&#224;n ti&#7879;c. Ng&#244;n ng&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#7911;a B&#7897; Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u ch&#7881;nh c&#7849;n th&#7853;n: &#8220;Ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7903;i c&#225;c nh&#224; l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; Hoa K&#7923;, ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c s&#7869; &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o 200 m&#225;y bay Boeing d&#7921;a tr&#234;n nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u ri&#234;ng cho ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng.&#8221; C&#7909;m t&#7915; &#8220;nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i&#8221; ph&#7909;c v&#7909; m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch k&#233;p, b&#225;o hi&#7879;u cho kh&#225;n gi&#7843; trong n&#432;&#7899;c r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c mua &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7903;i nhu c&#7847;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng thay v&#236; nh&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7897; ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, v&#224; cho ng&#432;&#7901;i quan s&#225;t qu&#7889;c t&#7871; r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7919; quy&#7873;n t&#7921; quy&#7871;t ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n trong quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh mua s&#7855;m.</p><p>Th&#244;ng s&#7889; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t c&#7911;a th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n, hay &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224; s&#7921; v&#7855;ng m&#7863;t c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch c&#7911;a th&#244;ng s&#7889; &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n ri&#234;ng. Boeing t&#7915; ch&#7889;i x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh m&#7851;u m&#225;y bay n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao g&#7891;m, d&#249; T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng Trump tuy&#234;n b&#7889; g&#243;i h&#224;ng ch&#7913;a <strong>m&#225;y bay Boeing 737 v&#224; 777</strong>. B&#225;o c&#225;o tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7897;i ngh&#7883; g&#7907;i &#253; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n 500 chi&#7871;c <strong>737 MAX</strong> th&#226;n h&#7865;p c&#7897;ng kho&#7843;ng 100 chi&#7871;c th&#226;n r&#7897;ng <strong>787 Dreamliner v&#224; 777X</strong>. Con s&#7889; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng 200 chi&#7871;c th&#7845;p h&#417;n m&#7897;t n&#7917;a so v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;, v&#224; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u Boeing ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; th&#7845;t v&#7885;ng: c&#7893; phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m <strong>kho&#7843;ng 4,7%</strong> ng&#224;y 15/5, ng&#224;y c&#244;ng b&#7889;, v&#224; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c gi&#7843;m t&#7899;i <strong>11% d&#432;&#7899;i m&#7913;c tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7897;i ngh&#7883;</strong> v&#224;o ng&#224;y 19/5 tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i <strong>3,3%</strong> ng&#224;y 20/5 khi x&#225;c nh&#7853;n B&#7897; Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i cung c&#7845;p s&#7921; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c. C&#244;ng ty t&#432; v&#7845;n h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng <strong>IBA</strong> &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh gi&#225; tr&#7883; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n <strong>17 &#273;&#7871;n 19 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh kho&#7843;ng 80% l&#224; th&#226;n h&#7865;p, c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng l&#234;n <strong>25 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> n&#7871;u m&#225;y bay th&#226;n r&#7897;ng chi&#7871;m 40% &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng. Gi&#225; tr&#7883; &#273;&#244; la, d&#249; &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, th&#7913; y&#7871;u so v&#7899;i t&#237;n hi&#7879;u chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c: Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang m&#7903; l&#7841;i c&#225;nh c&#7917;a m&#224; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng an to&#224;n v&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c c&#7841;nh tranh &#273;&#227; gi&#7919; &#273;&#243;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; su&#7889;t <strong>t&#225;m n&#259;m b&#7843;y th&#225;ng</strong>. Ortberg n&#7855;m b&#7855;t t&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng trong tuy&#234;n b&#7889; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#7911;a Boeing: &#8220;Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i c&#243; chuy&#7871;n &#273;i r&#7845;t th&#224;nh c&#244;ng t&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; ho&#224;n th&#224;nh m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7903; l&#7841;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c cho &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng m&#225;y bay Boeing. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y bao g&#7891;m cam k&#7871;t ban &#273;&#7847;u cho 200 m&#225;y bay v&#224; ch&#250;ng t&#244;i k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#225;c cam k&#7871;t ti&#7871;p theo s&#7869; theo sau &#273;&#7907;t &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n n&#224;y.&#8221; Trump &#273;&#243;ng khung ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; h&#417;n, tuy&#234;n b&#7889; c&#243; &#8220;l&#7901;i h&#7913;a 750 m&#225;y bay, s&#7869; l&#224; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7871;n nay, n&#7871;u h&#7885; l&#224;m t&#7889;t v&#7899;i 200 chi&#7871;c,&#8221; v&#224; c&#243; l&#250;c g&#7907;i &#253; t&#7893;ng s&#7889; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t <strong>950 m&#225;y bay</strong>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-53?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-53?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>&#272;&#7875; hi&#7875;u t&#7841;i sao 200 m&#225;y bay t&#7915; Trung Qu&#7889;c quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng 500 chi&#7871;c t&#7915; g&#7847;n nh&#432; b&#7845;t c&#7913; &#273;&#226;u kh&#225;c, c&#7847;n t&#225;i d&#7921;ng chu&#7895;i s&#7921; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng nhanh nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7915; c&#417; h&#7897;i l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a Boeing th&#224;nh s&#7921; v&#7855;ng m&#7863;t &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n nh&#7845;t. Th&#225;ng <strong>11 n&#259;m 2017</strong>, trong chuy&#7871;n th&#259;m c&#7845;p nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#7911;a Trump t&#7841;i B&#7855;c Kinh nhi&#7879;m k&#7923; m&#7897;t, Boeing v&#224; <strong>C&#244;ng ty Cung &#7913;ng H&#224;ng kh&#244;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong> c&#244;ng b&#7889; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng v&#224; cam k&#7871;t cho <strong>300 m&#225;y bay</strong> tr&#7883; gi&#225; h&#417;n <strong>37 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> theo gi&#225; ni&#234;m y&#7871;t, g&#7891;m 260 chi&#7871;c 737 th&#226;n h&#7865;p, 40 chi&#7871;c 777 th&#226;n r&#7897;ng v&#224; 787 Dreamliner. &#272;&#243; l&#224; th&#7855;ng l&#7907;i c&#7911;a ngo&#7841;i giao h&#7897;i ngh&#7883; th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7881;nh v&#224; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; c&#7911;ng c&#7889; v&#7883; th&#7871; Boeing trong th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; h&#7885; &#273;&#7841;t trung b&#236;nh <strong>127 &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng m&#7895;i n&#259;m t&#7915; 2005 &#273;&#7871;n 2017</strong>. Sau &#273;&#243; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; trong ba l&#224;n s&#243;ng ch&#7891;ng ch&#233;o. <strong>Chi&#7871;n tranh th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i M&#7929;-Trung</strong> b&#249;ng n&#7893; 2018-2019 v&#7899;i thu&#7871; quan &#225;p &#273;&#7863;t l&#234;n h&#224;ng tr&#259;m t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la h&#224;ng h&#243;a c&#7843; hai chi&#7873;u. Ng&#224;y <strong>10 th&#225;ng 3 n&#259;m 2019</strong>, <strong>Chuy&#7871;n bay 302 Ethiopian Airlines</strong> r&#417;i s&#225;u ph&#250;t sau c&#7845;t c&#225;nh, gi&#7871;t ch&#7871;t to&#224;n b&#7897; 157 ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#234;n m&#225;y bay, v&#7909; tai n&#7841;n ch&#7871;t ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7913; hai c&#7911;a <strong>737 MAX</strong> trong n&#259;m th&#225;ng sau <strong>Chuy&#7871;n bay 610 Lion Air</strong> th&#225;ng 10 n&#259;m 2018. Trung Qu&#7889;c tr&#7903; th&#224;nh <strong>qu&#7889;c gia &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#7845;m bay 737 MAX</strong>, quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh mang c&#7843; logic an to&#224;n l&#7851;n h&#224;m &#253; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, v&#224; l&#7879;nh c&#7845;m k&#233;o d&#224;i h&#417;n b&#7845;t k&#7923; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7899;n n&#224;o kh&#225;c, kho&#7843;ng <strong>b&#7889;n n&#259;m</strong> cho &#273;&#7871;n khi c&#225;c h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng n&#7889;i l&#7841;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh MAX v&#224;o <strong>th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2023</strong>. Trong th&#7901;i gian c&#7845;m bay, Trung Qu&#7889;c chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;o&#225;n sang <strong>Airbus</strong>, &#273;&#7863;t &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng k&#7927; l&#7909;c <strong>292 m&#225;y bay d&#242;ng A320</strong> v&#224;o <strong>th&#225;ng 7 n&#259;m 2022</strong> tr&#7883; gi&#225; h&#417;n <strong>37 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong>, &#273;&#250;ng con s&#7889; &#273;&#244; la bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n Boeing 2017. &#272;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch COVID-19 ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#273;&#232; n&#233;n du l&#7883;ch h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u t&#7915; 2020 &#273;&#7871;n 2022. V&#224; ngay khi ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i t&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;ang ti&#7871;n tri&#7875;n, <strong>s&#7921; c&#7889; bung n&#7855;p c&#7917;a 737 MAX 9 c&#7911;a Alaska Airlines ng&#224;y 5 th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2024</strong> l&#224;m t&#225;i b&#249;ng lo ng&#7841;i an to&#224;n, v&#7899;i b&#225;o c&#225;o cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#7911;a NTSB th&#225;ng 6 n&#259;m 2025 n&#234;u Boeing th&#7845;t b&#7841;i cung c&#7845;p &#8220;&#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o, h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n v&#224; gi&#225;m s&#225;t &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;.&#8221; K&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#237;ch l&#361;y: d&#242;ng &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng c&#7911;a Boeing t&#7915; Trung Qu&#7889;c s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; t&#7915; <strong>127 m&#7895;i n&#259;m xu&#7889;ng kho&#7843;ng 6 m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong> k&#7875; t&#7915; 2017, trong khi Airbus t&#259;ng v&#7885;t l&#234;n h&#417;n <strong>2.200 m&#225;y bay &#273;ang ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong> chi&#7871;m h&#417;n <strong>50% th&#7883; ph&#7847;n</strong>.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; Boeing &#273;ang t&#225;i gia nh&#7853;p kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; h&#7885; r&#7901;i &#273;i. &#272;&#7897;i bay th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;t kho&#7843;ng <strong>4.345 m&#225;y bay</strong>, v&#224; <strong>Tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i 2024</strong> c&#7911;a Boeing d&#7921; b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;i bay s&#7869; t&#259;ng h&#417;n g&#7845;p &#273;&#244;i l&#234;n <strong>9.740 m&#225;y bay v&#224;o n&#259;m 2043</strong>, &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i <strong>8.830 m&#225;y bay m&#7899;i giao</strong> trong k&#7923; d&#7921; b&#225;o: 6.720 th&#226;n h&#7865;p, 1.575 th&#226;n r&#7897;ng v&#224; 365 m&#225;y bay khu v&#7921;c. Trung Qu&#7889;c chi&#7871;m <strong>20% t&#7893;ng giao m&#225;y bay to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong>, khi&#7871;n n&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng qu&#7889;c gia c&#243; h&#7879; qu&#7843; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i. Nh&#432;ng b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7841;nh tranh &#273;&#227; d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n c&#259;n b&#7843;n. Airbus hi&#7879;n th&#7889;ng tr&#7883; v&#7899;i h&#417;n 50% th&#7883; ph&#7847;n v&#224; &#273;&#227; l&#224;m s&#226;u s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t qua <strong>d&#226;y chuy&#7873;n l&#7855;p r&#225;p A320 th&#7913; hai t&#7841;i Thi&#234;n T&#226;n</strong>, m&#7903; v&#224;o <strong>th&#225;ng 10 n&#259;m 2025</strong> v&#224; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7847;u 2026. Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, <strong>C919 c&#7911;a COMAC</strong>, &#273;&#7889;i th&#7911; th&#226;n h&#7865;p n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a Trung Qu&#7889;c, &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o khai th&#225;c th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i v&#7899;i <strong>China Eastern Airlines th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2023</strong> v&#224; &#273;ang t&#259;ng t&#7889;c nhanh ch&#243;ng. Kho&#7843;ng <strong>15 chi&#7871;c C919 &#273;&#432;&#7907;c giao n&#259;m 2025</strong> cho Air China, China Eastern v&#224; China Southern. C&#225;c h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c k&#7923; v&#7885;ng <strong>33 chi&#7871;c C919 giao n&#259;m 2026</strong>, d&#249; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p t&#7841;i IBA d&#7921; b&#225;o b&#7843;o th&#7911; h&#417;n &#7903; m&#7913;c 25. S&#7893; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng COMAC &#273;&#7841;t kho&#7843;ng <strong>980 &#273;&#7871;n 1.000 m&#225;y bay</strong>, t&#7845;t c&#7843; t&#7915; c&#225;c th&#7921;c th&#7875; Trung Qu&#7889;c, v&#224; d&#226;y chuy&#7873;n l&#7855;p r&#225;p th&#7913; hai &#273;ang x&#226;y t&#7841;i khu L&#226;m C&#7843;ng Ph&#7889; &#272;&#244;ng nh&#7855;m c&#244;ng su&#7845;t <strong>h&#417;n 150 m&#225;y bay m&#7895;i n&#259;m v&#224;o 2027</strong>. C&#244;ng ty th&#244;ng tin th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng <strong>Cirium</strong> d&#7921; b&#225;o t&#7927; l&#7879; giao m&#225;y bay th&#226;n h&#7865;p t&#432;&#417;ng lai t&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c kho&#7843;ng <strong>Airbus 45%, Boeing 30% v&#224; COMAC 25%</strong>, cu&#7897;c &#273;ua ba b&#234;n ch&#432;a t&#7891;n t&#7841;i khi Boeing th&#7889;ng tr&#7883; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;y l&#7847;n cu&#7889;i. C919 v&#7851;n mang h&#7841;n ch&#7871; &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t <strong>t&#7847;m bay 2.200 &#273;&#7871;n 3.000 h&#7843;i l&#253;</strong> so v&#7899;i <strong>3.550 h&#7843;i l&#253;</strong> c&#7911;a 737 MAX 8, v&#224; v&#7851;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y, <strong>CFM LEAP-1C</strong>, c&#249;ng li&#234;n doanh gi&#7919;a <strong>GE v&#224; Safran</strong> cung c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; cho MAX c&#7911;a Boeing v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n th&#7875; LEAP-1B. Nh&#432;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#7847;m bay &#237;t quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n trong m&#7841;ng n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a r&#7897;ng l&#7899;n Trung Qu&#7889;c, v&#224; COMAC &#273;ang ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a <strong>CJ-1000A</strong> &#273;&#7875; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng lo&#7841;i b&#7887; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y.</p><p>Boeing b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o cu&#7897;c c&#7841;nh tranh ba b&#234;n n&#224;y t&#7915; v&#7883; th&#7871; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh nh&#432;ng d&#7877; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c. C&#244;ng ty b&#225;o c&#225;o <strong>doanh thu Q1 2026 &#273;&#7841;t 22,2 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> (t&#259;ng 14% YoY) v&#7899;i <strong>143 giao m&#225;y bay th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong> v&#224; <strong>t&#7891;n &#273;&#417;n k&#7927; l&#7909;c 695 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la</strong> g&#7891;m h&#417;n 6.100 m&#225;y bay th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i. C&#7843; n&#259;m 2025 &#273;&#7841;t <strong>89,5 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la doanh thu</strong> v&#224; <strong>600 giao m&#225;y bay th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong>, cao nh&#7845;t k&#7875; t&#7915; 2018. T&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t <strong>737 MAX</strong> &#273;&#227; t&#259;ng l&#234;n <strong>42 chi&#7871;c m&#7895;i th&#225;ng</strong> sau ph&#234; duy&#7879;t FAA th&#225;ng 10 n&#259;m 2025, v&#7899;i c&#225;c bi&#7871;n th&#7875; <strong>737-7 v&#224; 737-10</strong> d&#7921; ki&#7871;n nh&#7853;n ch&#7913;ng nh&#7853;n n&#259;m 2026 v&#224; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u giao h&#224;ng n&#259;m 2027. <strong>787</strong> ch&#7841;y 8 chi&#7871;c m&#7895;i th&#225;ng, v&#224; <strong>777X</strong> &#273;ang trong quy tr&#236;nh ch&#7913;ng nh&#7853;n v&#7899;i giao h&#224;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n d&#7921; ki&#7871;n n&#259;m 2027. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; c&#7911;a c&#244;ng ty &#273;ang x&#226;y d&#7921;ng l&#7841;i uy t&#237;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh sau nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng. &#272;&#417;n h&#224;ng 200 m&#225;y bay t&#7915; Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7883; th&#7871; c&#7841;nh tranh c&#7911;a Boeing trong th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, nh&#432;ng n&#243; m&#7903; l&#7841;i cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i, v&#224; trong th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#417;i m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;o b&#7857;ng th&#7853;p k&#7927; ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i qu&#253;, m&#7903; l&#7841;i cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n ti&#234;n quy&#7871;t cho m&#7885;i th&#7913; ti&#7871;p theo.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #53: Nine Years of Silence, Then 200 Planes: China Reopens the Door Boeing Thought Was Locked.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-53</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-53</guid><pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 15:00:58 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #53 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:112527,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/198904691?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PsoE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a7577de-1645-486b-99c7-931572940ce9_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On <strong>May 20, 2026</strong>, China&#8217;s <strong>Commerce Ministry</strong> issued a statement that the global aviation industry had been waiting nearly a decade to hear: China would purchase <strong>200 Boeing aircraft</strong>, along with engines and spare parts, marking the <strong>first major Chinese order for Boeing planes since November 2017</strong>. The confirmation came six days after the deal was first announced during President <strong>Donald Trump&#8217;s</strong> state visit to Beijing on <strong>May 14-15, 2026</strong>, where Boeing CEO <strong>Kelly Ortberg</strong> and GE Aerospace CEO <strong>Larry Culp</strong> joined a delegation of twelve senior American business leaders, including <strong>Tim Cook, Jensen Huang, and Elon Musk</strong>, for meetings with China&#8217;s top economic officials. Ortberg met <strong>NDRC head Zheng Shanjie</strong> to discuss deepening cooperation in the aviation sector. Culp met NDRC deputy head <strong>Li Chunlin</strong>, who expressed hope that GE Aerospace would increase investment in China. Both CEOs attended a separate session with <strong>Premier Li Qiang</strong> alongside other American executives, and at <strong>President Xi Jinping&#8217;s</strong> state banquet, Ortberg and Culp were seated next to the chairmen of <strong>Air China</strong> and <strong>COMAC</strong>, China&#8217;s state-owned aircraft manufacturer, a symbolic arrangement that placed Boeing&#8217;s present and COMAC&#8217;s future at the same table. The Commerce Ministry&#8217;s official language was carefully calibrated: &#8220;In accordance with the important consensus reached by the Chinese and U.S. leaders, China&#8217;s aviation industry will introduce 200 Boeing aircraft based on commercial principles and its own needs for air transport development.&#8221; The phrase &#8220;commercial principles&#8221; served a dual purpose, signaling to domestic audiences that the purchase was driven by market need rather than political concession, and to international observers that China retained sovereign discretion over its procurement decisions.</p><p>The deal&#8217;s specifications, or rather the deliberate absence of complete specifications, tell their own story. Boeing declined to identify which aircraft models were included, though President Trump stated the package contained <strong>Boeing 737 and 777 aircraft</strong>. Pre-summit reporting had suggested a potential order of up to 500 narrowbody <strong>737 MAX</strong> jets plus approximately 100 widebody <strong>787 Dreamliners and 777X</strong> aircraft. The final figure of 200 was less than half of what markets had priced in, and Boeing&#8217;s stock reflected the disappointment: shares fell <strong>approximately 4.7%</strong> on May 15, the day of the announcement, and continued declining to as much as <strong>11% below pre-summit levels</strong> by May 19 before recovering <strong>3.3%</strong> on May 20 when the Commerce Ministry confirmation provided official certainty. Aviation advisory firm <strong>IBA</strong> estimated the deal&#8217;s value at <strong>$17 to $19 billion</strong> assuming an approximately 80% narrowbody mix, potentially rising to <strong>$25 billion</strong> if widebody aircraft composed 40% of the order. The dollar value, while substantial, was secondary to the strategic signal: China was reopening a door that geopolitics, safety crises, and competitive dynamics had kept effectively closed for <strong>eight years and seven months</strong>. Ortberg captured the significance in Boeing&#8217;s official statement: &#8220;We had a very successful trip to China and accomplished our major goal of reopening the China market to orders for Boeing aircraft. This included an initial commitment for 200 aircraft and we expect further commitments will follow after this initial tranche.&#8221; Trump framed the potential more aggressively, stating there was &#8220;a promise of 750 planes, which will be by far the largest order ever, if they do a good job with the 200,&#8221; and at one point suggesting the total could reach <strong>950 aircraft</strong>.</p><p>To understand why 200 planes from China matters more than a 500-plane order from almost anywhere else, one must reconstruct the sequence of events that turned the world&#8217;s fastest-growing aviation market from Boeing&#8217;s greatest opportunity into its most painful absence. In <strong>November 2017</strong>, during Trump&#8217;s first state visit to Beijing in his first term, Boeing and <strong>China Aviation Supplies Holding Co.</strong> announced orders and commitments for <strong>300 aircraft</strong> valued at over <strong>$37 billion</strong> at list prices, comprising 260 narrowbody 737s, 40 widebody 777s, and 787 Dreamliners. It was a triumph of summit diplomacy and appeared to cement Boeing&#8217;s position in a market where it had averaged <strong>127 orders per year from 2005 to 2017</strong>. Then the relationship collapsed in three overlapping waves. The <strong>U.S.-China trade war</strong> erupted in 2018-2019 with tariffs imposed on hundreds of billions of dollars of goods in both directions, poisoning the commercial environment for American companies selling to Chinese state entities. On <strong>March 10, 2019</strong>, <strong>Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302</strong> crashed six minutes after takeoff, killing all 157 people aboard, the second fatal crash of a <strong>737 MAX</strong> in five months following <strong>Lion Air Flight 610</strong> in October 2018. China became the <strong>first country in the world to ground the 737 MAX</strong>, a decision that carried both safety logic and geopolitical undertone, and the ban lasted longer than in any other major market, approximately <strong>four years</strong> until Chinese airlines finally resumed MAX operations in <strong>January 2023</strong>. During the grounding period, China pivoted decisively to <strong>Airbus</strong>, placing a record order for <strong>292 A320 Family aircraft</strong> in <strong>July 2022</strong> valued at over <strong>$37 billion</strong>, the exact symbolic dollar amount of the 2017 Boeing deal. The COVID-19 pandemic further depressed global air travel from 2020 through 2022. And just as recovery seemed underway, the <strong>January 5, 2024 Alaska Airlines 737 MAX 9 door plug blowout</strong> renewed safety concerns, with the NTSB&#8217;s final report in June 2025 citing Boeing&#8217;s failure to provide &#8220;adequate training, guidance and oversight.&#8221; The cumulative result: Boeing&#8217;s order flow from China collapsed from <strong>127 per year to approximately 6 per year</strong> since 2017, while Airbus surged to over <strong>2,200 aircraft in service in China</strong> commanding more than <strong>50% market share</strong>.</p><p>The market that Boeing is now re-entering is not the same market it left. China&#8217;s commercial fleet currently stands at approximately <strong>4,345 aircraft</strong>, and Boeing&#8217;s own <strong>2024 Commercial Market Outlook</strong> projects that fleet will more than double to <strong>9,740 aircraft by 2043</strong>, requiring <strong>8,830 new aircraft deliveries</strong> over the forecast period: 6,720 single-aisle, 1,575 widebody, and 365 regional jets. China accounts for <strong>20% of global airplane deliveries</strong>, making it the single most consequential national market in commercial aviation. But the competitive landscape has fundamentally shifted. Airbus now dominates with over 50% market share and has deepened its manufacturing presence through a <strong>second A320 final assembly line in Tianjin</strong>, opened in <strong>October 2025</strong> and fully operational by early 2026, the latest manufacturing processes embedded in Chinese soil. More significantly, <strong>COMAC&#8217;s C919</strong>, China&#8217;s homegrown narrowbody challenger, entered commercial service with <strong>China Eastern Airlines in May 2023</strong> and is accelerating rapidly. Approximately <strong>15 C919s were delivered in 2025</strong> across Air China, China Eastern, and China Southern. Chinese airlines expect <strong>33 C919 deliveries in 2026</strong>, though independent analysts at IBA forecast a more conservative 25. COMAC&#8217;s order book stands at approximately <strong>980 to 1,000 aircraft</strong>, all from Chinese entities, and a second assembly line under construction in Pudong&#8217;s Lin-gang area targets production capacity of <strong>150+ aircraft per year by 2027</strong>. Market intelligence firm <strong>Cirium</strong> projects the future single-aisle delivery split in China at approximately <strong>Airbus 45%, Boeing 30%, and COMAC 25%</strong>, a three-way race that did not exist when Boeing last dominated this market. The C919 still carries significant limitations, notably a <strong>range of 2,200 to 3,000 nautical miles</strong> versus the 737 MAX 8&#8217;s <strong>3,550 nautical miles</strong>, and it remains dependent on Western engines, the <strong>CFM LEAP-1C</strong>, the same joint venture between <strong>GE and Safran</strong> that powers Boeing&#8217;s MAX with the LEAP-1B variant. But range limitations matter less in China&#8217;s vast domestic network, where the average flight distance falls well within the C919&#8217;s capability, and COMAC is developing a domestic engine, the <strong>CJ-1000A</strong>, to eventually eliminate the Western dependency.</p><p>Boeing enters this three-way competition from a position of operational recovery but strategic vulnerability. The company reported <strong>Q1 2026 revenue of $22.2 billion</strong> (up 14% year-over-year) with <strong>143 commercial deliveries</strong> and a record <strong>backlog of $695 billion</strong> comprising over 6,100 commercial aircraft. Full-year 2025 saw <strong>$89.5 billion in revenue</strong> and <strong>600 commercial deliveries</strong>, the highest since 2018. The <strong>737 MAX</strong> production rate has ramped to <strong>42 per month</strong> following FAA approval in October 2025, with the <strong>737-7 and 737-10 variants</strong> expected to receive certification in 2026 and begin deliveries in 2027. The <strong>787</strong> runs at 8 per month, and the <strong>777X</strong> is in the certification process with first delivery guided for 2027. These are the numbers of a company rebuilding operational credibility after years of crisis. The 200-plane China order does not solve Boeing&#8217;s competitive position in the world&#8217;s largest growth market, but it reopens the conversation, and in a market where relationships between state carriers and foreign suppliers are measured in decades rather than quarters, reopening the conversation is the prerequisite for everything that follows.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #52: Từ 2.000 Lên 50.000 Container Mỗi Tuần: Các Cảng Vịnh Ba Tư Mở Cửa Trở Lại Và Bài Kiểm Tra Thực Sự Mới Bắt Đầu.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-52</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-52</guid><pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2026 15:01:49 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 52 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:137633,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/197911549?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!g6Nr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb421d38f-29cd-4cbb-8e58-6e08c6d6d1f9_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p><strong>S&#225;ng ng&#224;y 11 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, m&#7897;t c&#7893;ng c&#7843;ng m&#7903; ra.</strong> Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7893;ng n&#224;o k&#7883;ch t&#237;nh, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i lo&#7841;i t&#7841;o ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n h&#242;a b&#236;nh hay r&#250;t qu&#226;n. &#272;&#243; l&#224; c&#7893;ng b&#7871;n container t&#7841;i <strong>Khor Fakkan</strong>, c&#7843;ng n&#7857;m tr&#234;n b&#7901; bi&#7875;n ph&#237;a &#273;&#244;ng c&#7911;a <strong>ti&#7875;u v&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Sharjah</strong> b&#234;n <strong>V&#7883;nh Oman</strong>, do <strong>Gulftainer</strong> v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, v&#224; n&#243; m&#7903; cho h&#224;ng xu&#7845;t. L&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n sau nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n, container xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u c&#243; th&#7875; r&#7901;i &#273;i. Trong v&#224;i gi&#7901;, c&#225;c c&#7893;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; m&#7903; l&#7841;i t&#7841;i <strong>Fujairah</strong> v&#224; <strong>Sohar, Oman</strong>. V&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai ch&#432;a bi&#7871;t nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;&#227; x&#7843;y ra trong b&#7843;y m&#432;&#417;i l&#259;m ng&#224;y tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; v&#7867; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. V&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai theo d&#245;i cu&#7897;c gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n h&#224;ng h&#7843;i t&#7891;i t&#7879; nh&#7845;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i di&#7877;n ra theo th&#7901;i gian th&#7921;c, &#273;&#243; l&#224; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u h&#7919;u h&#236;nh &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n r&#7857;ng chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u c&#243; th&#7875;, ch&#7853;m r&#227;i v&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n, b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u th&#7903; tr&#7903; l&#7841;i.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; tr&#432;&#7899;c kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c n&#224;y th&#7853;t kinh ho&#224;ng. Tr&#432;&#7899;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng, <strong>eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz</strong>, eo n&#432;&#7899;c r&#7897;ng ba m&#432;&#417;i b&#7889;n km ng&#259;n c&#225;ch Iran v&#7899;i b&#225;n &#273;&#7843;o &#7842; R&#7853;p, v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>20 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng d&#7847;u m&#7895;i ng&#224;y</strong>, chi&#7871;m x&#7845;p x&#7881; <strong>25 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m t&#7893;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i d&#7847;u th&#244; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7875;n</strong>, c&#249;ng kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; <strong>kh&#237; thi&#234;n nhi&#234;n h&#243;a l&#7887;ng</strong>. Trung b&#236;nh <strong>130 t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong> qu&#225; c&#7843;nh eo bi&#7875;n m&#7895;i ng&#224;y. Ng&#224;y <strong>28 th&#225;ng 2 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, Hoa K&#7923; ph&#225;t &#273;&#7897;ng <strong>Chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch Epic Fury</strong>, chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch kh&#244;ng k&#237;ch ph&#7889;i h&#7907;p v&#7899;i Israel nh&#7855;m v&#224;o Iran v&#7899;i g&#7847;n <strong>900 cu&#7897;c t&#7845;n c&#244;ng trong m&#432;&#7901;i hai gi&#7901; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n</strong>. &#272;&#7871;n <strong>ng&#224;y 4 th&#225;ng 3</strong>, Iran tuy&#234;n b&#7889; eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz <strong>&#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a</strong>, tri&#7875;n khai th&#7911;y l&#244;i, b&#7855;t gi&#7919; t&#224;u, v&#224; &#273;e d&#7885;a t&#7845;n c&#244;ng m&#7885;i t&#224;u c&#7889; g&#7855;ng &#273;i qua. Trong b&#7843;y m&#432;&#417;i hai gi&#7901;, c&#7843; b&#7889;n h&#227;ng v&#7853;n t&#7843;i container l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, <strong>Maersk, MSC, CMA CGM, v&#224; Hapag-Lloyd</strong>, &#273;&#236;nh ch&#7881; qu&#225; c&#7843;nh Hormuz. Ng&#224;y <strong>5 th&#225;ng 3</strong>, c&#225;c t&#7893; h&#7907;p b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m h&#224;ng h&#7843;i h&#7911;y <strong>b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m B&#7843;o v&#7879; v&#224; B&#7891;i th&#432;&#7901;ng</strong> (Protection and Indemnity) cho khu v&#7921;c, khi&#7871;n qu&#225; c&#7843;nh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; nguy hi&#7875;m m&#224; <strong>b&#7845;t kh&#7843; thi v&#7873; m&#7863;t ph&#225;p l&#253; v&#224; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong>. L&#432;&#7907;t qu&#225; c&#7843;nh t&#224;u h&#224;ng ng&#224;y qua eo bi&#7875;n s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; t&#7915; <strong>130 xu&#7889;ng ch&#7881; c&#242;n 6</strong>, gi&#7843;m <strong>95 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m</strong>. <strong>C&#417; quan N&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng Qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong> (IEA) ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c m&#244; t&#7843; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>&#8220;gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n ngu&#7891;n cung l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7847;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u.&#8221;</strong></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-52?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-52?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>H&#7853;u qu&#7843; lan truy&#7873;n v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; kinh ho&#224;ng. D&#242;ng d&#7847;u th&#244; v&#224; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#7847;u qua eo bi&#7875;n gi&#7843;m t&#7915; <strong>20 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng/ng&#224;y xu&#7889;ng ch&#7881; h&#417;n 2 tri&#7879;u</strong>. Ngu&#7891;n cung d&#7847;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u gi&#7843;m <strong>10,1 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng/ng&#224;y</strong> xu&#7889;ng <strong>97 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng/ng&#224;y</strong> trong th&#225;ng 3. D&#7847;u Brent t&#259;ng v&#432;&#7907;t <strong>$100 ng&#224;y 8/3</strong>, &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7881;nh <strong>$126</strong>, v&#224; trung b&#236;nh <strong>$117 trong th&#225;ng 4</strong>. &#272;&#7871;n <strong>ng&#224;y 21 th&#225;ng 4</strong>, <strong>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c H&#224;ng h&#7843;i Qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong> (IMO) b&#225;o c&#225;o kho&#7843;ng <strong>20.000 thuy&#7873;n vi&#234;n v&#224; 2.000 t&#224;u b&#7883; m&#7855;c k&#7865;t</strong> trong V&#7883;nh Ba T&#432;. &#272;&#7871;n <strong>ng&#224;y 6 th&#225;ng 5</strong>, T&#432;&#7899;ng <strong>Dan Caine</strong>, Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch H&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng Tham m&#432;u tr&#432;&#7903;ng Li&#234;n qu&#226;n, x&#225;c nh&#7853;n <strong>22.500 thuy&#7873;n vi&#234;n b&#7883; k&#7865;t tr&#234;n h&#417;n 1.550 t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong>. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i t&#224;u chi&#7871;n. &#272;&#243; l&#224; t&#224;u ch&#7903; d&#7847;u, t&#224;u h&#224;ng r&#7901;i, t&#224;u container, v&#224; t&#224;u ch&#7903; &#244; t&#244;, v&#7899;i th&#7911;y th&#7911; &#273;o&#224;n Philippines, &#7844;n &#272;&#7897;, Trung Qu&#7889;c, v&#224; ch&#226;u &#194;u &#273;&#227; &#273;i v&#224;o V&#7883;nh cho c&#225;c chuy&#7871;n c&#7853;p c&#7843;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7879; v&#224; th&#7845;y m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng th&#7875; r&#7901;i &#273;i.</p><p><strong>Ng&#224;nh v&#7853;n t&#7843;i container chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; phi th&#432;&#7901;ng.</strong> Maersk tuy&#234;n b&#7889; &#273;&#236;nh ch&#7881; qu&#225; c&#7843;nh Hormuz ng&#224;y <strong>2 th&#225;ng 3</strong> v&#224; chuy&#7875;n tuy&#7871;n c&#225;c d&#7883;ch v&#7909; <strong>ME11 v&#224; MECL</strong> qua <strong>M&#361;i H&#7843;o V&#7885;ng</strong>, th&#234;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>10 &#273;&#7871;n 14 ng&#224;y m&#7895;i chuy&#7871;n</strong> v&#224; roughly <strong>1,2 &#273;&#7871;n 1,8 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#244; la chi ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u b&#7893; sung</strong> cho m&#7895;i t&#224;u Panamax m&#7895;i v&#242;ng. <strong>CMA CGM</strong> n&#7889;i l&#7841;i nh&#7853;n h&#224;ng &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c V&#249;ng V&#7883;nh ng&#224;y <strong>11 th&#225;ng 3</strong> b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch b&#7887; qua Hormuz ho&#224;n to&#224;n, d&#7905; h&#224;ng t&#7841;i c&#225;c c&#7843;ng Oman v&#224; &#7842; R&#7853;p Saudi r&#7891;i v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7897; b&#7857;ng xe t&#7843;i li&#234;n k&#7871;t. <strong>MSC</strong> tri&#7875;n khai d&#7883;ch v&#7909; xe t&#7843;i t&#7915; <strong>C&#7843;ng King Abdullah &#273;&#7871;n Dammam</strong> v&#224; s&#7855;p x&#7871;p k&#7871;t n&#7889;i t&#224;u gom cho container d&#7905; t&#7841;i &#7844;n &#272;&#7897; v&#224; Sri Lanka. Chi ph&#237; b&#7893; sung t&#7893;ng th&#7875; c&#7911;a c&#225;c bi&#7879;n ph&#225;p chuy&#7875;n tuy&#7871;n &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh <strong>8 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i th&#225;ng</strong> cho to&#224;n ng&#224;nh. Ph&#237; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m r&#7911;i ro chi&#7871;n tranh, t&#7915; m&#7913;c <strong>0,125 &#273;&#7871;n 0,25 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m</strong> gi&#225; tr&#7883; th&#226;n t&#224;u tr&#432;&#7899;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng, b&#249;ng n&#7893; l&#234;n <strong>5 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m ho&#7863;c h&#417;n</strong>, v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&#224;u ch&#7903; d&#7847;u b&#7883; k&#7865;t ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; &#273;&#7871;n <strong>10 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m gi&#225; tr&#7883; th&#226;n t&#224;u v&#224; m&#225;y m&#243;c</strong>. V&#7899;i t&#224;u ch&#7903; d&#7847;u l&#7899;n, con s&#7889; &#273;&#243; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng <strong>3 &#273;&#7871;n 8 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#244; la cho m&#7895;i l&#7847;n qu&#225; c&#7843;nh duy nh&#7845;t</strong>.</p><p><strong>Ch&#237;nh trong c&#417;n l&#7889;c xo&#225;y n&#224;y m&#224; hai c&#7843;ng nh&#7887; tr&#234;n b&#7901; bi&#7875;n ph&#237;a &#273;&#244;ng UAE &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t tr&#7903; th&#224;nh h&#7841; t&#7847;ng quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</strong> Khor Fakkan, v&#7889;n l&#224; trung t&#226;m trung chuy&#7875;n v&#7899;i <strong>s&#225;u b&#7871;n</strong> v&#224; c&#244;ng su&#7845;t h&#224;ng n&#259;m <strong>5 tri&#7879;u TEU</strong> tr&#7843;i tr&#234;n <strong>70 h&#233;c-ta</strong>, x&#7917; l&#253; kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng khi&#234;m t&#7889;n. S&#7843;n l&#432;&#7907;ng container h&#224;ng tu&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>2.000 container</strong>, v&#7899;i m&#7889;c c&#417; s&#7903; kho&#7843;ng <strong>11.000 TEU m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n</strong>. Khi Hormuz &#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a bu&#7897;c c&#225;c h&#227;ng t&#224;u t&#236;m &#273;i&#7875;m d&#7905; h&#224;ng thay th&#7871;, s&#7843;n l&#432;&#7907;ng Khor Fakkan b&#249;ng n&#7893;. X&#7917; l&#253; container h&#224;ng tu&#7847;n t&#259;ng v&#7885;t l&#234;n <strong>50.000 container</strong>, v&#7899;i tu&#7847;n cao &#273;i&#7875;m ghi nh&#7853;n <strong>78.000 TEU</strong>, t&#259;ng g&#7845;p kho&#7843;ng <strong>25 l&#7847;n</strong> so v&#7899;i m&#7889;c c&#417; s&#7903;. S&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;t t&#224;u container c&#7853;p c&#7843;ng m&#7895;i ng&#224;y t&#259;ng g&#7847;n <strong>g&#7845;p b&#7889;n</strong>. Trong m&#7897;t tu&#7847;n b&#225;o c&#225;o, <strong>85 thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n khi c&#225;c h&#227;ng t&#224;u k&#7871;t th&#250;c h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7841;i Khor Fakkan thay v&#236; &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n ban &#273;&#7847;u b&#234;n trong V&#7883;nh. CEO Gulftainer <strong>Farid Belbouab</strong> m&#244; t&#7843; c&#7843;ng v&#7899;i Reuters l&#224; <strong>&#8220;c&#7917;a ng&#245; qu&#7889;c gia then ch&#7889;t&#8221;</strong> &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7893;i qua &#273;&#234;m t&#7915; c&#417; s&#7903; trung chuy&#7875;n th&#7913; c&#7845;p th&#224;nh trung t&#226;m nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u ch&#237;nh x&#7917; l&#253; th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m, v&#7853;t t&#432; y t&#7871;, v&#7853;t li&#7879;u c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p, v&#224; h&#224;ng ti&#234;u d&#249;ng cho to&#224;n khu v&#7921;c b&#7883; c&#7855;t &#273;&#7913;t kh&#7887;i c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n cung &#7913;ng th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p><strong>Fujairah</strong>, n&#7857;m ngay g&#7847;n &#273;&#243; v&#7899;i c&#244;ng su&#7845;t b&#7871;n container <strong>720.000 TEU h&#224;ng n&#259;m</strong>, &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t s&#7921; ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch c&#242;n c&#7921;c &#273;oan h&#417;n gi&#7919;a h&#7841; t&#7847;ng v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u. &#272;&#7875; so s&#225;nh, <strong>Jebel Ali</strong>, do <strong>DP World</strong> v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#224; l&#224; c&#7917;a ng&#245; container ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a UAE, x&#7917; l&#253; <strong>15,5 tri&#7879;u TEU n&#259;m 2024</strong>, t&#7927; l&#7879; kho&#7843;ng <strong>21 tr&#234;n 1</strong>. Fujairah kh&#244;ng th&#7875; thay th&#7871; Jebel Ali &#7903; quy m&#244; l&#7899;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m l&#224; ph&#7909;c v&#7909; nh&#432; <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m d&#7905; h&#224;ng tr&#224;n</strong> v&#224; <strong>trung t&#226;m trung chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7897;</strong>, ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n h&#224;ng r&#7891;i v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n b&#7857;ng xe t&#7843;i ho&#7863;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7855;t qua <strong>m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i Etihad Rail</strong> &#273;&#7871;n C&#7843;ng Khalifa v&#224; Jebel Ali. Ngay trong vai tr&#242; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; n&#224;y, &#225;p l&#7921;c v&#7851;n hi&#7879;n r&#245;. Fujairah ghi nh&#7853;n <strong>6 l&#7847;n container b&#7883; l&#249;i</strong> v&#224; <strong>10 tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p ch&#7853;m tr&#7877;</strong> trong m&#7897;t tu&#7847;n b&#225;o c&#225;o, c&#249;ng <strong>86 thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n</strong> t&#7915; c&#225;c h&#227;ng t&#224;u. Xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u d&#7847;u th&#244; qua Fujairah t&#259;ng <strong>38 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m</strong> l&#234;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>1,62 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng/ng&#224;y</strong> cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 3, t&#7915; <strong>1,17 tri&#7879;u</strong> th&#225;ng 2, ti&#7871;n s&#225;t gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#244;ng su&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng.</p><p><strong>Sohar</strong> c&#7911;a Oman, n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i c&#7843; eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz v&#224; v&#249;ng &#273;e d&#7885;a Bab el-Mandeb, duy tr&#236; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng su&#7889;t kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng nh&#432;ng ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c ri&#234;ng. Th&#7901;i gian l&#432;u container <strong>t&#259;ng h&#417;n g&#7845;p ba</strong> trong hai th&#225;ng. T&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n <strong>Asyad</strong> c&#7911;a Oman tri&#7875;n khai <strong>n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ph&#7889;i AI</strong> t&#7841;i Sohar v&#224; Salalah t&#7915; th&#225;ng 5/2026, nh&#7855;m gi&#7843;m <strong>22 ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m</strong> th&#7901;i gian l&#432;u container qua d&#7921; b&#225;o nhu c&#7847;u, l&#7853;p l&#7883;ch b&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng, v&#224; ph&#226;n b&#7893; b&#227;i.</p><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#7841;o ra b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c l&#224;m tr&#7847;m tr&#7885;ng m&#7885;i v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#225;c: <strong>m&#244; h&#236;nh h&#224;ng h&#243;a m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u</strong>. T&#224;u &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c c&#7843;ng V&#7883;nh Oman ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7847;y h&#224;ng nh&#7853;p nh&#432;ng r&#7901;i &#273;i g&#7847;n nh&#432; tr&#7889;ng v&#236; c&#7893;ng xu&#7845;t &#273;&#227; &#273;&#243;ng. Container t&#237;ch t&#7909; t&#7841;i c&#7843;ng d&#7905; h&#224;ng m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#225;ch t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883;, t&#7841;o <strong>thi&#7871;u h&#7909;t thi&#7871;t b&#7883;</strong> nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng tr&#234;n c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i kh&#225;c. S&#7921; m&#7845;t c&#226;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#7849;y <strong>Ch&#7881; s&#7889; Container Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i Drewry</strong> l&#234;n <strong>$2.286 m&#7895;i container 40 feet</strong> t&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n 7/5. <strong>MSC</strong> t&#259;ng ph&#7909; ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p tuy&#7871;n ch&#226;u &#193; &#273;&#7871;n b&#7901; &#272;&#244;ng Hoa K&#7923; t&#7915; $430 l&#234;n <strong>$644</strong>. <strong>CMA CGM</strong> &#225;p d&#7909;ng <strong>ph&#7909; ph&#237; m&#249;a cao &#273;i&#7875;m $2.000 m&#7895;i container 40 feet</strong> t&#7915; ng&#224;y 1/5.</p><p>Vi&#7879;c m&#7903; l&#7841;i c&#7893;ng xu&#7845;t ng&#224;y <strong>11 th&#225;ng 5</strong> do &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i tr&#7903; v&#7873; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. &#272;&#243; l&#224; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n th&#7913; hai: <strong>l&#224;n s&#243;ng h&#224;ng t&#7891;n &#273;&#7885;ng</strong>. Nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n h&#224;ng xu&#7845;t t&#237;ch l&#361;y, b&#7883; k&#7865;t trong kho b&#227;i v&#224; b&#227;i container kh&#7855;p UAE, Oman, v&#224; V&#249;ng V&#7883;nh r&#7897;ng h&#417;n, gi&#7901; s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ch&#7843;y qua h&#7841; t&#7847;ng &#273;&#227; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7903; b&#7897;i s&#7889; c&#244;ng su&#7845;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871;. V&#7899;i <strong>h&#224;nh lang th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i Trung &#272;&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#7844;n &#272;&#7897;</strong>, x&#7917; l&#253; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i song ph&#432;&#417;ng v&#432;&#7907;t <strong>180 t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la h&#224;ng n&#259;m</strong> qua d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m, h&#224;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t, g&#7841;o, d&#7879;t may, v&#224; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t, vi&#7879;c t&#225;i kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7897;ng h&#224;ng xu&#7845;t l&#224; d&#226;y c&#7913;u sinh, nh&#432;ng mong manh. C&#225;c h&#227;ng t&#224;u m&#244; t&#7843; t&#236;nh h&#236;nh l&#224; <strong>&#8220;r&#7845;t bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng, c&#244;ng su&#7845;t h&#7841;n ch&#7871;,&#8221;</strong> v&#224; gi&#225; c&#432;&#7899;c tr&#432;&#7899;c xung &#273;&#7897;t <strong>&#8220;kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#244;n tr&#7885;ng.&#8221;</strong></p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #52: From 2,000 to 50,000 Containers a Week: Gulf Ports Reopen and the Real Stress Test Begins.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-52</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-52</guid><pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2026 15:01:46 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #52 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EcHr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F914d64f8-bb30-46c7-82ba-3881c4507b02_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p><strong>On the morning of May 11, 2026, a gate opened.</strong> It was not a dramatic gate, not the kind that makes headlines about peace agreements or military withdrawals. It was a container terminal gate at <strong>Khor Fakkan</strong>, a port carved into the rocky eastern coast of the <strong>Sharjah emirate</strong> on the <strong>Gulf of Oman</strong>, operated by <strong>Gulftainer</strong>, and it opened for outbound freight. For the first time in weeks, export containers could leave. Within hours, similar gates reopened at <strong>Fujairah</strong> and <strong>Sohar, Oman</strong>. To anyone unfamiliar with what had happened in the preceding seventy-five days, this would have seemed unremarkable. To anyone who had been watching the worst maritime disruption in modern history unfold in real time, it was the first tangible signal that the global supply chain might, slowly and painfully, begin to breathe again.</p><p>The numbers that preceded this moment are staggering. Before the crisis, the <strong>Strait of Hormuz</strong>, the twenty-one-mile-wide channel separating Iran from the Arabian Peninsula, carried approximately <strong>20 million barrels of oil per day</strong>, roughly <strong>25 percent of all seaborne crude trade</strong>, plus significant volumes of <strong>liquefied natural gas</strong>. An average of <strong>130 commercial vessels</strong> transited the strait daily. On <strong>February 28, 2026</strong>, the United States launched <strong>Operation Epic Fury</strong>, a coordinated air campaign with Israel against Iran involving nearly <strong>900 strikes in the first twelve hours</strong>. By <strong>March 4</strong>, Iran declared the Strait of Hormuz <strong>closed</strong>, deploying mines, seizing vessels, and threatening to attack any ship attempting passage. Within seventy-two hours, all four of the world&#8217;s largest container carriers, <strong>Maersk, MSC, CMA CGM, and Hapag-Lloyd</strong>, suspended Hormuz transit. On <strong>March 5</strong>, marine insurance syndicates cancelled <strong>Protection and Indemnity coverage</strong> for the zone, making transit not merely dangerous but <strong>legally and commercially impossible</strong> for mainstream carriers. Daily ship transits through the strait collapsed from <strong>130 to just 6</strong>, a <strong>95 percent reduction</strong>. The <strong>International Energy Agency</strong> formally characterized it as <strong>&#8220;the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market.&#8221;</strong></p><p>The consequences cascaded with terrifying speed. Crude and oil product flows through the strait plummeted from <strong>20 million barrels per day to just over 2 million</strong>. Global oil supply fell by <strong>10.1 million barrels per day</strong> to <strong>97 million barrels per day</strong> in March. Brent crude, which had been trading below $80 a barrel in January, surged past <strong>$100 on March 8</strong>, hit <strong>$126 at its peak</strong>, and averaged <strong>$117 in April</strong>. By <strong>April 21</strong>, the <strong>International Maritime Organization</strong> reported approximately <strong>20,000 mariners and 2,000 ships stranded</strong> inside the Persian Gulf. By <strong>May 6</strong>, the numbers had grown worse: General <strong>Dan Caine</strong>, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, confirmed <strong>22,500 mariners trapped on more than 1,550 commercial vessels</strong>. These were not warships. They were tankers, bulk carriers, container ships, and car carriers, crewed by Filipino, Indian, Chinese, and European seafarers who had sailed into the Gulf for routine port calls and found themselves unable to leave.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-52?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-52?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>The container shipping industry pivoted with extraordinary urgency.</strong> Maersk announced suspension of Hormuz transit on <strong>March 2</strong> and rerouted its <strong>ME11 and MECL services</strong> around the <strong>Cape of Good Hope</strong>, adding approximately <strong>10 to 14 days per voyage</strong> and roughly <strong>$1.2 to $1.8 million in additional fuel costs</strong> per Panamax vessel per round trip. <strong>CMA CGM</strong> resumed bookings to Gulf countries on <strong>March 11</strong> by skipping Hormuz entirely, discharging vessels at Omani and Saudi ports and moving cargo overland by feeder or bonded truck to final destinations. <strong>MSC</strong> launched a trucking service from <strong>King Abdullah Port to Dammam</strong> and arranged feeder connections for containers discharged in India and Sri Lanka. <strong>Hapag-Lloyd</strong> reopened bookings to upper Gulf ports via third-party feeder services, accepting only dry cargo, refrigerated, and in-gauge specialized containers. The collective additional cost of these rerouting measures was estimated at <strong>$8 billion per month</strong> across the carrier industry. War risk insurance premiums, which had stood at <strong>0.125 to 0.25 percent</strong> of vessel hull value per transit before the crisis, exploded to <strong>5 percent or more</strong>, with some stranded tankers paying up to <strong>10 percent of hull and machinery value</strong> as Additional War Risk Premium. For a large tanker, that translated to <strong>$3 to $8 million per single transit</strong> through the strait.</p><p><strong>It was into this vortex that two small ports on the eastern coast of the UAE suddenly became the most important pieces of infrastructure in global trade.</strong> Khor Fakkan, historically a transshipment hub with <strong>six berths</strong> and a stated annual capacity of <strong>5 million TEUs</strong> spread across <strong>70 hectares</strong>, had been handling modest volumes. Its weekly container throughput before the crisis ran at approximately <strong>2,000 containers</strong>, with a baseline of around <strong>11,000 TEUs per week</strong>. When the Hormuz closure forced the world&#8217;s shipping lines to find alternative discharge points, Khor Fakkan&#8217;s volumes exploded. Weekly container handling surged to <strong>50,000 containers</strong>, with a single peak week recording <strong>78,000 TEUs</strong>, a roughly <strong>25-fold increase</strong> from the pre-crisis baseline. Container vessel port calls per day nearly <strong>quadrupled</strong>. In one reporting week alone, <strong>85 destination changes</strong> were recorded as carriers terminated voyages at Khor Fakkan instead of their original destinations inside the Gulf. Gulftainer CEO <strong>Farid Belbouab</strong> described the port to Reuters as a <strong>&#8220;critical national gateway&#8221;</strong> that had transformed overnight from a secondary transshipment facility into a primary imports hub handling groceries, medical supplies, industrial materials, and consumer goods for an entire region cut off from its usual supply routes.</p><p><strong>Fujairah</strong>, located just down the coast with a container terminal capacity of <strong>720,000 TEUs annually</strong>, faced an even more extreme mismatch between its infrastructure and the demands placed upon it. For comparison, <strong>Jebel Ali</strong>, operated by <strong>DP World</strong> and the UAE&#8217;s primary container gateway, handled <strong>15.5 million TEUs in 2024</strong>, a ratio of roughly <strong>21 to 1</strong>. Fujairah could not substitute for Jebel Ali at scale. What it could do was serve as an <strong>overflow discharge point</strong> and a <strong>road-transfer hub</strong>, receiving cargo that was then trucked or railed across the UAE via the <strong>Etihad Rail network</strong> to Khalifa Port and Jebel Ali for final distribution. Even in this limited role, the strain was visible. Fujairah recorded <strong>6 container rollovers and 10 delay cases</strong> in a single reporting week, along with <strong>86 destination changes</strong> by carriers terminating voyages at a port never designed to absorb them. The port&#8217;s bunkering operations, already compromised by an earlier Iranian drone strike on the <strong>Fujairah Oil Industry Zone</strong> that injured three workers, were operating under force majeure conditions. Crude oil exports through Fujairah rose <strong>38 percent</strong> to approximately <strong>1.62 million barrels per day</strong> by late March, up from <strong>1.17 million</strong> in February, approaching pipeline capacity limits.</p><p><strong>Sohar</strong>, Oman&#8217;s industrial port located outside both the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb threat zones, remained operational throughout the crisis but experienced its own form of stress. Container dwell times <strong>more than tripled</strong> over a two-month period as rerouted traffic overwhelmed handling capacity. Oman&#8217;s <strong>Asyad Group</strong> responded by deploying an <strong>AI orchestration platform</strong> across Sohar and <strong>Salalah</strong> from May 2026, targeting a <strong>22 percent reduction in container dwell time</strong> through modules for demand forecasting, dynamic berth scheduling, and yard allocation.</p><p>The crisis created a structural anomaly that compounded every other problem: the <strong>single-leg cargo model</strong>. Ships arrived at Gulf of Oman ports heavily laden with imports but departed with little or no export cargo, because the outbound gates had been closed. This meant containers accumulated at discharge ports with no way to reposition them, creating acute <strong>equipment shortages</strong> on other trade lanes. The imbalance drove up repositioning costs and contributed to the <strong>Drewry World Container Index</strong> rising to <strong>$2,286 per 40-foot container</strong> as of May 7, up <strong>3 percent</strong> week on week. Shanghai to New York rates climbed <strong>7 percent</strong> to <strong>$3,721</strong>. Shanghai to Los Angeles rose <strong>5 percent</strong> to <strong>$3,062</strong>. <strong>MSC</strong> raised its Emergency Fuel Surcharge on Asia to US East Coast routes from $430 to <strong>$644 per 40-foot container</strong>. <strong>CMA CGM</strong> introduced a <strong>Peak Season Surcharge of $2,000 per 40-foot container</strong> effective May 1. Spot rates on Middle East routes had already surged <strong>40 to 60 percent</strong> immediately following the Hormuz closure.</p><p>The reopening of outbound gates on <strong>May 11</strong> was therefore not a return to normal. It was the beginning of a second phase of disruption: the <strong>backlog surge</strong>. Weeks of accumulated export cargo, trapped inside warehouses and container yards across the UAE, Oman, and the broader Gulf region, would now begin flowing through infrastructure that was already operating at multiples of its designed capacity. The ports that had struggled to manage inbound volumes would now face simultaneous inbound and outbound flows on berths, equipment, and road networks that had never been tested at this intensity. For the <strong>Middle East to India trade corridor</strong>, which handles bilateral trade exceeding <strong>$180 billion annually</strong> across pharmaceuticals, engineering goods, rice, textiles, and chemicals, the restart of outbound cargo was a lifeline, but a fragile one. Carriers described conditions as <strong>&#8220;very fluid, capacity is limited,&#8221;</strong> and pre-conflict shipping rates were <strong>&#8220;no longer being honored.&#8221;</strong></p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #51: Eo Biển Hormuz Trúng Đạn: 1.500 Tàu Mắc Kẹt Trong Cuộc Khủng Hoảng Dầu Tồi Tệ Nhất Lịch Sử.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-51</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-51</guid><pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 15:01:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 51 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EYMW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98348dd3-3c55-4466-816a-1e4a14131886_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>Ng&#224;y 5 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, t&#224;u container <strong>CMA CGM San Antonio</strong> treo c&#7901; Malta v&#7899;i s&#7913;c ch&#7913;a <strong>2.824 TEU</strong>, do h&#227;ng t&#224;u kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; Ph&#225;p <strong>CMA CGM</strong> v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, b&#7883; tr&#250;ng <strong>t&#234;n l&#7917;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh</strong> khi &#273;ang qu&#225; c&#7843;nh <strong>eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz</strong>. Nhi&#7873;u thuy&#7873;n vi&#234;n b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng, t&#224;u h&#432; h&#7841;i n&#7863;ng, v&#224; <strong>20 thuy&#7873;n vi&#234;n</strong> c&#242;n l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#417; t&#225;n. &#272;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n c&#7911;a t&#224;u l&#224; <strong>Mundra, &#7844;n &#272;&#7897;</strong>. Ph&#225;t ng&#244;n vi&#234;n ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Ph&#225;p Maud Bregeon tuy&#234;n b&#7889; Ph&#225;p kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u nh&#7855;m &#273;&#7871;n. Nh&#432;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p c&#7911;a v&#7909; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n: <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n h&#224;ng h&#7843;i</strong> quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t tr&#225;i &#273;&#7845;t v&#7851;n l&#224; v&#249;ng chi&#7871;n s&#7921; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p, v&#224; m&#7885;i t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qu&#225; c&#7843;nh &#273;&#7873;u di chuy&#7875;n d&#432;&#7899;i b&#243;ng &#273;en leo thang qu&#226;n s&#7921;. V&#7899;i c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia v&#7853;n h&#224;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u, kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Hormuz kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#7841; t&#7847;ng chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong> k&#7875; t&#7915; Th&#7871; chi&#7871;n th&#7913; hai, v&#224; h&#7879; qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a n&#243; &#273;ang vi&#7871;t l&#7841;i quy t&#7855;c v&#7873; logistics n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, kinh t&#7871; v&#7853;n t&#7843;i bi&#7875;n, v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#7891;n kho trong th&#7901;i gian th&#7921;c.</p><p>Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz l&#224; tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7911;y h&#7865;p gi&#7919;a <strong>Iran</strong> v&#224; <strong>Oman</strong>, ch&#7881; r&#7897;ng <strong>33 km</strong> t&#7841;i &#273;i&#7875;m h&#224;ng h&#7843;i h&#7865;p nh&#7845;t. Tr&#432;&#7899;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng, kho&#7843;ng <strong>100 &#273;&#7871;n 135 t&#224;u</strong> &#273;i qua m&#7895;i ng&#224;y, ch&#7903; x&#7845;p x&#7881; <strong>25% l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7847;u v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7875;n</strong> v&#224; <strong>20% kh&#237; t&#7921; nhi&#234;n h&#243;a l&#7887;ng</strong> (LNG) to&#224;n c&#7847;u. Kho&#7843;ng <strong>3.000 t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong> s&#7917; d&#7909;ng eo bi&#7875;n m&#7895;i th&#225;ng. Theo m&#7885;i th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>n&#250;t th&#7855;t c&#7893; chai</strong> c&#243; t&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t trong h&#7841; t&#7847;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u, &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; khi d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y b&#7883; gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n s&#7869; lan truy&#7873;n qua m&#7885;i chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng h&#7841; ngu&#7891;n tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tinh. Ng&#224;y <strong>28 th&#225;ng 2 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, s&#7921; gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#243; th&#224;nh hi&#7879;n th&#7921;c khi <strong>M&#7929; v&#224; Israel</strong> ph&#225;t &#273;&#7897;ng chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch kh&#244;ng k&#237;ch Iran v&#224; &#225;m s&#225;t l&#227;nh t&#7909; t&#7889;i cao <strong>Ali Khamenei</strong>. Iran &#273;&#225;p tr&#7843; b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch <strong>phong t&#7887;a eo bi&#7875;n</strong> tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, s&#7917; d&#7909;ng l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#7843;i qu&#226;n <strong>V&#7879; binh C&#225;ch m&#7841;ng H&#7891;i gi&#225;o</strong> (IRGC), th&#7911;y l&#244;i, t&#234;n l&#7917;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh, m&#225;y bay kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i, v&#224; xu&#7891;ng cao t&#7889;c &#273;&#7875; h&#7841;n ch&#7871;, ki&#7875;m so&#225;t, v&#224; trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p ng&#7915;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qua tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;y.</p><p>T&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh g&#226;y kinh ng&#7841;c. Trong v&#224;i ng&#224;y sau khi xung &#273;&#7897;t n&#7893; ra, l&#432;&#7907;ng qu&#225; c&#7843;nh h&#224;ng ng&#224;y gi&#7843;m t&#7915; h&#417;n 100 t&#224;u xu&#7889;ng m&#7913;c m&#224; <strong>C&#417; quan N&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng Qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong> (IEA) m&#244; t&#7843; l&#224; <strong>kho&#7843;ng 5% so v&#7899;i tr&#432;&#7899;c xung &#273;&#7897;t</strong>. Ngu&#7891;n cung d&#7847;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u s&#7909;t gi&#7843;m <strong>10,1 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng m&#7895;i ng&#224;y</strong> (mb/d) xu&#7889;ng <strong>97 mb/d</strong> trong th&#225;ng 3 n&#259;m 2026, khi&#7871;n &#273;&#226;y tr&#7903; th&#224;nh, theo &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#7911;a IEA, <strong>gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n ngu&#7891;n cung d&#7847;u l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917;</strong>, v&#432;&#7907;t qua l&#7879;nh c&#7845;m v&#7853;n d&#7847;u &#7842; R&#7853;p n&#259;m 1973, C&#225;ch m&#7841;ng Iran n&#259;m 1979, v&#224; cu&#7897;c x&#226;m l&#432;&#7907;c Kuwait c&#7911;a Iraq n&#259;m 1990. L&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7847;u th&#244; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n qua eo bi&#7875;n, trung b&#236;nh h&#417;n <strong>20 mb/d</strong> tr&#432;&#7899;c xung &#273;&#7897;t, s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; xu&#7889;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>3,8 mb/d</strong> &#273;&#7847;u th&#225;ng 4. Gi&#225; d&#7847;u <strong>Brent</strong> t&#259;ng v&#7885;t l&#234;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>130 &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i th&#249;ng</strong>, cao h&#417;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>60 &#273;&#244; la so v&#7899;i tr&#432;&#7899;c xung &#273;&#7897;t</strong> v&#224; t&#259;ng h&#417;n <strong>55%</strong> v&#224;o cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 4. T&#7891;n kho d&#7847;u quan s&#225;t to&#224;n c&#7847;u gi&#7843;m <strong>85 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng</strong> ch&#7881; ri&#234;ng trong th&#225;ng 3, v&#7899;i l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#224;i v&#249;ng V&#7883;nh b&#7883; r&#250;t <strong>205 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng</strong> v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; <strong>6,6 mb/d</strong> khi c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia &#273;&#7889;t ch&#225;y d&#7921; tr&#7919; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7875; b&#249; &#273;&#7855;p ngu&#7891;n cung b&#7883; b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t.</p><p>Gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n LNG l&#224;m tr&#7847;m tr&#7885;ng th&#234;m c&#250; s&#7889;c n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng. Qatar v&#224; C&#225;c Ti&#7875;u v&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c &#7842; R&#7853;p Th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t, hai trong s&#7889; c&#225;c nh&#224; xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u LNG l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; to&#224;n b&#7897; s&#7843;n l&#432;&#7907;ng qua Hormuz. Phong t&#7887;a c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m ngu&#7891;n cung LNG h&#417;n <strong>300 tri&#7879;u m&#233;t kh&#7889;i m&#7895;i ng&#224;y</strong>, t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng m&#7845;t h&#417;n <strong>2 t&#7927; m&#233;t kh&#7889;i</strong> m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n. V&#7899;i c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia ch&#226;u &#194;u v&#7851;n &#273;ang &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#417; c&#7845;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng sau gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n kh&#237; &#273;&#7889;t Nga n&#259;m 2022, c&#250; s&#7889;c cung &#7913;ng th&#7913; hai n&#224;y gi&#225;ng v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7889;n &#273;&#227; mong manh. V&#7899;i c&#225;c nh&#224; nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u ch&#226;u &#193;, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t <strong>Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n</strong>, <strong>H&#224;n Qu&#7889;c</strong>, v&#224; <strong>&#7844;n &#272;&#7897;</strong>, thi&#7871;u h&#7909;t LNG t&#7841;o ra kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ph&#225;t &#273;i&#7879;n v&#224; nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p t&#7913;c th&#236;.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-51?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-51?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Chi&#7873;u k&#237;ch con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7911;a th&#7843;m h&#7885;a v&#7853;n h&#224;nh n&#224;y c&#361;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng k&#233;m. T&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#7847;u th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, kho&#7843;ng <strong>1.500 t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong> ch&#7903; kho&#7843;ng <strong>22.000 th&#7911;y th&#7911;</strong> t&#7915; <strong>87 qu&#7889;c gia</strong> v&#7851;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; qu&#225; c&#7843;nh eo bi&#7875;n. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i th&#7889;ng k&#234; tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng. &#272;&#243; l&#224; t&#224;u container ch&#7903; h&#224;ng ti&#234;u d&#249;ng, t&#224;u h&#224;ng r&#7901;i ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7847;y ng&#361; c&#7889;c, t&#224;u ch&#7903; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t cung c&#7845;p nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u trung gian d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m, v&#224; t&#224;u v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n &#244; t&#244; th&#224;nh ph&#7849;m. M&#7895;i ng&#224;y ch&#250;ng n&#7857;m kh&#244;ng, <strong>chi ph&#237; l&#432;u t&#224;u</strong> (demurrage) t&#237;ch l&#361;y, h&#224;ng d&#7877; h&#7887;ng xu&#7889;ng c&#7845;p, c&#7917;a s&#7893; giao h&#224;ng h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng h&#7871;t h&#7841;n, v&#224; d&#226;y chuy&#7873;n s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t h&#7841; ngu&#7891;n thi&#7871;u &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o. Chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a phong t&#7887;a kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;o b&#7857;ng gi&#225; d&#7847;u t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897;t bi&#7871;n; n&#243; &#273;o b&#7857;ng m&#7885;i nh&#224; m&#225;y kh&#244;ng th&#7875; mua nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u, m&#7885;i c&#7843;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; d&#7905; h&#224;ng, v&#224; m&#7885;i m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i logistics ph&#7843;i chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#242;ng qua ch&#226;u Phi qua <strong>M&#361;i H&#7843;o V&#7885;ng</strong>, th&#234;m <strong>10 &#273;&#7871;n 14 ng&#224;y</strong> v&#224; h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c ngh&#236;n &#273;&#244; la chi ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u v&#224; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m m&#7895;i chuy&#7871;n.</p><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n kh&#244;ng k&#233;m gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh. Ng&#224;y <strong>9 th&#225;ng 3</strong>, T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng <strong>Donald Trump</strong> tuy&#234;n b&#7889; sai r&#7857;ng qu&#226;n &#273;&#7897;i Iran &#273;&#227; b&#7883; ph&#225; h&#7911;y v&#224; eo bi&#7875;n &#273;&#227; m&#7903;, tuy&#234;n b&#7889; b&#7883; b&#225;c b&#7887; b&#7903;i m&#7885;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng theo d&#245;i t&#224;u v&#224; &#7843;nh v&#7879; tinh. Ng&#224;y <strong>15 th&#225;ng 3</strong>, &#244;ng k&#234;u g&#7885;i <strong>NATO</strong> v&#224; <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong> gi&#250;p m&#7903; l&#7841;i tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. Cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 3 v&#224; &#273;&#7847;u th&#225;ng 4, Trump li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#273;e d&#7885;a ph&#225; h&#7911;y c&#417; s&#7903; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng Iran n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng kh&#244;i ph&#7909;c t&#7921; do h&#224;ng h&#7843;i. Ng&#224;y <strong>8 th&#225;ng 4</strong>, th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ng&#7915;ng b&#7855;n t&#7841;m th&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t, l&#7869; ra bao g&#7891;m m&#7903; l&#7841;i eo bi&#7875;n. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, Iran b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u <strong>thu ph&#237; l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n 2 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i t&#224;u</strong>, ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c cho ph&#233;p t&#224;u t&#7915; <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c, Nga, &#7844;n &#272;&#7897;, Iraq, Pakistan, Philippines, Malaysia, v&#224; Th&#225;i Lan</strong> &#273;i qua trong khi h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#224;u mang c&#7901; ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y. IRGC thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p quy tr&#236;nh ki&#7875;m tra bu&#7897;c t&#224;u &#273;i theo tuy&#7871;n g&#7847;n b&#7901; bi&#7875;n Iran, n&#7897;p th&#244;ng tin thuy&#7873;n vi&#234;n v&#224; h&#224;ng h&#243;a, v&#224; tr&#7843; ph&#237;, bi&#7871;n <strong>v&#249;ng bi&#7875;n qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong> th&#224;nh <strong>&#273;&#432;&#7901;ng thu ph&#237; c&#243; ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n</strong>.</p><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>4 th&#225;ng 5</strong>, Trump ph&#225;t &#273;&#7897;ng <strong>Chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch Project Freedom</strong>, nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; H&#7843;i qu&#226;n M&#7929; h&#7897; t&#7889;ng t&#224;u th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i ra kh&#7887;i V&#7883;nh. L&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng tri&#7875;n khai bao g&#7891;m <strong>t&#224;u khu tr&#7909;c</strong>, h&#417;n <strong>100 m&#225;y bay</strong>, ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i, v&#224; kho&#7843;ng <strong>15.000 qu&#226;n nh&#226;n</strong>, do <strong>T&#432; l&#7879;nh CENTCOM &#272;&#244; &#273;&#7889;c Brad Cooper</strong> ch&#7881; huy. Nh&#432;ng trong v&#224;i gi&#7901; sau khi chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u, IRGC <strong>ph&#243;ng nhi&#7873;u t&#234;n l&#7917;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh, m&#225;y bay kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i, v&#224; xu&#7891;ng cao t&#7889;c</strong> v&#224;o c&#225;c t&#224;u d&#432;&#7899;i s&#7921; b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&#7911;a M&#7929;, bao g&#7891;m v&#7909; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng t&#224;u CMA CGM San Antonio. Ng&#224;y <strong>5 th&#225;ng 5</strong>, ch&#432;a &#273;&#7847;y 24 gi&#7901; sau khi Project Freedom kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7897;ng, Trump tuy&#234;n b&#7889; <strong>t&#7841;m d&#7915;ng</strong>, vi&#7879;n d&#7851;n &#8220;ti&#7871;n b&#7897; l&#7899;n h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n to&#224;n di&#7879;n v&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng&#8221; v&#7899;i Iran. Vi&#7879;c t&#7841;m d&#7915;ng &#273;&#7875; 1.500 t&#224;u m&#7855;c k&#7865;t &#273;&#250;ng nguy&#234;n v&#7883; tr&#237;, v&#224; &#273;&#7875; ng&#224;nh v&#7853;n t&#7843;i bi&#7875;n kh&#244;ng c&#243; s&#7921; r&#245; r&#224;ng n&#224;o v&#7873; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m, hay li&#7879;u, qu&#225; c&#7843;nh an to&#224;n s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7889;i l&#7841;i.</p><p>V&#7899;i c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u, kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Hormuz ph&#417;i b&#224;y l&#7895; h&#7893;ng m&#224; h&#224;ng th&#7853;p k&#7927; <strong>qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#7891;n kho tinh g&#7885;n</strong>, <strong>giao h&#224;ng &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c</strong> (just-in-time), v&#224; <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a ngu&#7891;n cung &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;</strong> &#273;&#227; khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. Chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; cho hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7889;ng ch&#7883;u. Ch&#250;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#234;n gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng c&#225;c &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n then ch&#7889;t, Hormuz, Suez, Malacca, Panama, s&#7869; m&#7903; v&#297;nh vi&#7877;n, r&#7857;ng r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; l&#224; x&#225;c su&#7845;t &#273;u&#244;i t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t n&#234;n qu&#7843;n l&#253; b&#7857;ng b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m thay v&#236; d&#7921; ph&#242;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. Gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#243; gi&#7901; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m v&#224; ch&#7913;ng minh sai m&#7897;t c&#225;ch th&#7843;m kh&#7889;c. IEA d&#7921; b&#225;o nhu c&#7847;u d&#7847;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u s&#7869; <strong>gi&#7843;m 80.000 th&#249;ng m&#7895;i ng&#224;y</strong> trong n&#259;m 2026, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#7847;n &#237;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#417;n m&#224; v&#236; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#227; b&#7883; c&#7855;t &#273;&#7913;t v&#7853;t l&#253;. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; nhu c&#7847;u. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>th&#7845;t b&#7841;i ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> &#7903; quy m&#244; h&#224;nh tinh, v&#224; b&#224;i h&#7885;c c&#7911;a n&#243; s&#7869; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh l&#7841;i c&#225;ch m&#7885;i chuy&#234;n gia chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; r&#7911;i ro &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n, chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c t&#7891;n kho, v&#224; chi ph&#237; th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#7911;a hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; thi&#7871;u kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7889;ng ch&#7883;u.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #51: Hormuz Strait Under Fire: 1,500 Ships Trapped in the Worst Oil Supply Disruption in History.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-51</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-51</guid><pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 15:01:31 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #51 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pd8_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e258972-b0d9-46e3-9fd6-3f0160c3188d_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On May 5, 2026, the <strong>CMA CGM San Antonio</strong>, a Maltese-flagged container ship with <strong>2,824 TEU capacity</strong> operated by French shipping giant <strong>CMA CGM</strong>, was struck by a <strong>cruise missile</strong> while transiting the <strong>Strait of Hormuz</strong>. Several crew members were injured, the vessel sustained significant damage, and the remaining <strong>20 crew members</strong> were evacuated. The ship&#8217;s destination was <strong>Mundra, India</strong>. French government spokesperson Maud Bregeon stated France was not specifically targeted. But the attack&#8217;s message was unmistakable: the most critical <strong>maritime chokepoint</strong> on earth remains a live combat zone, and every commercial vessel transiting it does so under the shadow of military escalation. For operations professionals worldwide, the Hormuz crisis is not a geopolitical abstraction. It is the <strong>single largest disruption to global supply chain infrastructure</strong> since the Second World War, and its operational consequences are rewriting the rules of energy logistics, shipping economics, and inventory management in real time.</p><p>The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow waterway between <strong>Iran</strong> and <strong>Oman</strong>, just <strong>33 kilometers wide</strong> at its narrowest navigable point. Before the crisis, approximately <strong>100 to 135 vessels</strong> passed through it daily, carrying roughly <strong>25% of the world&#8217;s seaborne oil</strong> and <strong>20% of global liquefied natural gas</strong> (LNG). Around <strong>3,000 commercial vessels</strong> used the strait each month. It was, by any operational measure, the single most consequential <strong>bottleneck</strong> in global trade infrastructure, a point where the failure of flow control would cascade through every downstream supply chain on the planet. On <strong>February 28, 2026</strong>, that failure became reality when the <strong>United States and Israel</strong> launched an air campaign against Iran and assassinated its supreme leader, <strong>Ali Khamenei</strong>. Iran responded by effectively <strong>blockading the strait</strong>, using <strong>Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</strong> (IRGC) naval assets, mines, cruise missiles, drones, and small boats to restrict, control, and in many cases halt commercial shipping through the waterway.</p><p>The speed of the operational collapse was staggering. Within days of the conflict&#8217;s onset, daily transit volumes dropped from over 100 vessels to what the <strong>International Energy Agency</strong> (IEA) described as <strong>approximately 5% of pre-conflict levels</strong>. Global oil supply plummeted by <strong>10.1 million barrels per day</strong> (mb/d) to <strong>97 mb/d</strong> in March 2026, making it, in the IEA&#8217;s assessment, the <strong>largest oil supply disruption in history</strong>, exceeding the 1973 Arab oil embargo, the 1979 Iranian Revolution, and the 1990 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Crude oil shipments through the strait, which had averaged over <strong>20 mb/d</strong> before the conflict, collapsed to approximately <strong>3.8 mb/d</strong> in early April. <strong>Brent crude</strong> surged to around <strong>$130 per barrel</strong>, roughly <strong>$60 above pre-conflict levels</strong> and more than <strong>55% higher</strong> by the end of April. Global observed oil inventories fell by <strong>85 million barrels</strong> in March alone, with stocks outside the Middle East Gulf drawn down by <strong>205 million barrels</strong> at a rate of <strong>6.6 mb/d</strong> as nations burned through strategic reserves to compensate for choked supply.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-51?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-51?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>The LNG disruption compounded the energy shock. Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, two of the world&#8217;s largest LNG exporters, ship virtually all their output through Hormuz. The blockade reduced LNG supplies by over <strong>300 million cubic metres per day</strong>, translating to a loss of more than <strong>2 billion cubic metres</strong> every week. For European nations still adjusting their energy mix after the 2022 Russian gas disruption, this second supply shock hit an already fragile system. For Asian importers, particularly <strong>Japan</strong>, <strong>South Korea</strong>, and <strong>India</strong>, the LNG shortfall created immediate power generation and industrial feedstock crises.</p><p>The human dimension of this operational catastrophe is equally severe. As of early May 2026, approximately <strong>1,500 commercial vessels</strong> carrying around <strong>22,000 seafarers</strong> from <strong>87 countries</strong> remain unable to transit the strait. These are not abstract statistics. They are container ships carrying consumer goods, bulk carriers loaded with grain, chemical tankers supplying pharmaceutical intermediates, and vehicle carriers transporting finished automobiles. Each day they sit idle, <strong>demurrage costs</strong> accumulate, perishable cargo degrades, contractual delivery windows expire, and downstream production lines starve for inputs. The operational cost of the blockade is not measured only in oil price spikes; it is measured in every factory that cannot source raw materials, every port that cannot unload cargo, and every logistics network that must reroute around the African continent via the <strong>Cape of Good Hope</strong>, adding <strong>10 to 14 days</strong> and tens of thousands of dollars in fuel and insurance costs per voyage.</p><p>The geopolitical response has been as chaotic as the operational disruption. On <strong>March 9</strong>, President <strong>Donald Trump</strong> falsely claimed Iran&#8217;s military had been destroyed and the strait was open, a statement contradicted by every shipping tracker and satellite image available. On <strong>March 15</strong>, he called on <strong>NATO</strong> and <strong>China</strong> to help reopen the waterway. In late March and early April, Trump repeatedly threatened to destroy Iran&#8217;s infrastructure if it did not restore free passage. On <strong>April 8</strong>, a temporary ceasefire was agreed, supposedly involving the strait&#8217;s reopening. Instead, Iran began <strong>charging tolls of up to $2 million per vessel</strong>, selectively allowing passage to ships from <strong>China, Russia, India, Iraq, Pakistan, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand</strong> while restricting Western-flagged vessels. The IRGC established a vetting process requiring ships to follow routes near Iran&#8217;s coast, submit crew and cargo information, and pay fees, effectively converting a <strong>global commons</strong> into a <strong>sovereign toll road</strong>.</p><p>On <strong>May 4</strong>, Trump launched <strong>Operation Project Freedom</strong>, a U.S. Navy mission to escort merchant ships out of the Gulf. The deployment included <strong>destroyers</strong>, more than <strong>100 aircraft</strong>, unmanned platforms, and approximately <strong>15,000 service members</strong>, led by <strong>CENTCOM Commander Admiral Brad Cooper</strong>. But within hours of the operation&#8217;s launch, the IRGC <strong>launched multiple cruise missiles, drones, and small boats</strong> at ships under U.S. protection, including the attack on the CMA CGM San Antonio. On <strong>May 5</strong>, barely 24 hours after Project Freedom began, Trump announced a <strong>pause</strong>, citing &#8220;great progress toward a complete and final agreement&#8221; with Iran. The pause left the 1,500 trapped vessels exactly where they were, and left the shipping industry with no clarity on when, or whether, safe transit would resume.</p><p>For the global operations community, the Hormuz crisis exposes a vulnerability that decades of <strong>lean inventory management</strong>, <strong>just-in-time delivery</strong>, and <strong>single-source optimization</strong> have systematically amplified. The world&#8217;s supply chains were engineered for efficiency, not resilience. They were designed around the assumption that critical chokepoints, Hormuz, Suez, Malacca, Panama, would remain permanently open, that geopolitical risk was a tail probability best managed through insurance rather than structural redundancy. That assumption has now been tested and found catastrophically wrong. The IEA projects global oil demand will <strong>decline by 80,000 barrels per day</strong> in 2026, not because the world needs less energy but because the infrastructure to deliver it has been physically severed. This is not a demand problem. It is an <strong>operational architecture failure</strong> at planetary scale, and its lessons will reshape how every supply chain professional thinks about chokepoint risk, inventory strategy, and the true cost of efficiency without resilience.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[An Operational Excellence perspective | "SPIRIT AIRLINES: WHEN THE ULTRA LOW COST MODEL LOST ITS OPERATIONAL FOUNDATION"]]></title><description><![CDATA[From an Operational Excellence (Master Black Belt) consulting perspective.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 20:45:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/abc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2499986,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/196468968?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xX1r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fabc6598e-cf0f-4731-9cd2-b765ae2d6581_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>On <strong>May 2, 2026</strong>, at <strong>3:00 AM Eastern Time</strong>, <strong>Spirit Airlines</strong> officially <strong>ceased all flight operations</strong>. <strong>17,000 people</strong>, including <strong>14,000 full time employees</strong> and thousands of <strong>subcontractors</strong>, received notification just <strong>one hour</strong> before the decision was publicly announced. This marked the first <strong>major airline shutdown</strong> in the United States since <strong>Midway Airlines</strong> ceased operations following the events of <strong>September 11, 2001</strong>. The story of Spirit Airlines is not merely a routine bankruptcy in the aviation industry, but rather a profound lesson in how an <strong>operating system</strong>, no matter how lean its design, can still collapse when its <strong>foundational assumptions</strong> are simultaneously broken from multiple directions.</p><p>From an <strong>Operational Excellence</strong> standpoint, this article does not aim to judge or assign responsibility to any individual or organization. Instead, it will analyze Spirit Airlines&#8217; 43 year journey entirely through an <strong>operational lens</strong>, exploring how <strong>operational variables</strong> interact with one another, how <strong>single variable optimization</strong> can create blind spots, and how <strong>operational resilience</strong> plays a decisive role in an enterprise&#8217;s survival. The sole objective is to extract valuable insights for any organization operating in a <strong>high volatility environment</strong>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE ORIGINS AND OPERATING PHILOSOPHY OF SPIRIT AIRLINES</strong></h3><p>Spirit Airlines began under the name <strong>Charter One Airlines</strong> in <strong>1983</strong>, operating as a <strong>charter flight</strong> service in the <strong>Detroit, Michigan</strong> area, spun off from the <strong>Clippert Trucking Company</strong>. For nearly its first decade, the airline served short and medium haul routes on a small scale, focusing on the <strong>price sensitive leisure traveler</strong> segment with destinations including <strong>Las Vegas</strong>, <strong>Atlantic City</strong>, and the <strong>Bahamas</strong>. In <strong>May 1992</strong>, the carrier officially rebranded as <strong>Spirit Airlines</strong> and transitioned to a <strong>scheduled airline</strong> model, marking its first major turning point.</p><p>The most significant transformation came under CEO <strong>Ben Baldanza</strong> (2006 to 2015), when Spirit Airlines became the first and purest <strong>Ultra Low Cost Carrier</strong> (<strong>ULCC</strong>) in the United States. The operating philosophy of the ULCC model can be understood through one core principle: <strong>completely unbundling the base fare from all ancillary services</strong> (the <strong>&#8220;Bare Fare&#8221; unbundling model</strong> introduced in 2007), thereby driving ticket prices to the lowest possible level to attract the most <strong>price sensitive customer segment</strong>. Every service, from checked baggage, carry on luggage, seat selection, food and beverages, to printing a boarding pass at the airport, became a separately charged source of <strong>ancillary revenue</strong>. This model drove Spirit&#8217;s ancillary revenue above <strong>40% of total revenue</strong> under Baldanza, and it continued climbing to approximately <strong>50 to 59%</strong> by 2024 (per <strong>IdeaWorks</strong> data), one of the highest ratios in the global airline industry.</p><p>From an operational perspective, Spirit&#8217;s ULCC model was built on several clearly defined pillars. The first was optimizing <strong>Cost per Available Seat Mile</strong> (<strong>CASM</strong>). Spirit maintained the industry&#8217;s lowest CASM by operating a <strong>single fleet type</strong> (<strong>fleet commonality</strong>) of <strong>Airbus A320 family</strong> narrowbody aircraft, maximizing <strong>seat density</strong> per aircraft, minimizing <strong>turnaround time</strong> at the gate, and eliminating any cost not directly tied to moving passengers from point A to point B. The second pillar was maximizing <strong>fleet capacity</strong> by increasing average daily flight hours per aircraft (<strong>aircraft utilization</strong>), thereby spreading <strong>fixed costs</strong> (depreciation, leases, insurance) across more flights. The third was a <strong>point to point</strong> network structure rather than the traditional <strong>hub and spoke</strong> model, reducing hub airport operating costs and minimizing aircraft ground time.</p><p>This philosophy, from a purely operational standpoint, is a textbook example of <strong>single variable optimization</strong>: <strong>unit cost</strong>. Spirit Airlines engineered itself into a precision calibrated operating machine designed to perform most efficiently within a <strong>very specific set of conditions</strong>: stable fuel prices in the low to mid range, strong demand from <strong>price sensitive travelers</strong>, high fleet utilization rates, and limited direct price competition from <strong>legacy carriers</strong>. When all these conditions were met, the <strong>thin margin, high volume</strong> operating model proved its strength for many years. However, this deep optimization along a single dimension simultaneously created a <strong>systemic vulnerability</strong> that only became apparent when boundary conditions shifted.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE CASM/RASM DIVERGENCE: THE FIRST SIGN OF OPERATIONAL STRESS</strong></h3><p>To understand Spirit Airlines&#8217; collapse, it is essential to analyze the two most critical operating metrics in the airline industry: <strong>CASM</strong> (<strong>Cost per Available Seat Mile</strong>) and <strong>RASM</strong> (<strong>Revenue per Available Seat Mile</strong>). The relationship between these two metrics determines the <strong>operating margin</strong>, and when the gap between them narrows or reverses, it represents the earliest <strong>warning signal</strong> that any operations professional should monitor closely.</p><p>Since <strong>Q1 2019</strong>, Spirit Airlines&#8217; CASM increased by approximately <strong>40%</strong>, nearly double the rate of inflation. This figure reflects simultaneous cost escalation across multiple categories: post pandemic fuel price volatility, rising labor costs driven by new industry wide collective bargaining agreements, increased maintenance costs from fleet aging and particularly from the engine recall event, and higher aircraft lease rates due to a tightened leasing market. Specifically, <strong>adjusted CASM excluding fuel</strong> rose from approximately <strong>5.67 cents</strong> in Q4 2019 to <strong>7.97 cents</strong> in full year 2024. Meanwhile, RASM increased by only approximately <strong>8%</strong> over the same period, a growth rate <strong>less than half the general inflation rate</strong>. In absolute terms, by year end 2024, Spirit&#8217;s <strong>RASM stood at 9.27 cents</strong> while <strong>CASM had risen to 11.35 cents</strong>, meaning Spirit was <strong>spending more than it earned</strong> on every available seat mile.</p><p>The root causes of this <strong>CASM/RASM divergence</strong> lay on both sides. On the cost side, many factors were beyond the airline&#8217;s direct control: fuel pricing is a global variable, labor costs are driven by industry wide pressures, and maintenance costs depend on engine manufacturers. However, on the revenue side, the stagnation of RASM reflected a <strong>structural shift in the competitive landscape</strong>. U.S. <strong>legacy carriers</strong> successively introduced <strong>Basic Economy</strong> fares (pioneered by <strong>Delta Air Lines</strong> in <strong>2012</strong>, followed by <strong>American Airlines</strong> and <strong>United Airlines</strong>), essentially replicating Spirit&#8217;s stripped down service model but layered onto a broader route network, a stronger <strong>loyalty program</strong>, and a more established brand reputation. When a passenger could purchase a Basic Economy fare on American or Delta for only marginally more than Spirit&#8217;s price, but fly on a carrier with a wider connecting network and lower risk of service disruption, Spirit&#8217;s price advantage was severely eroded.</p><p>From an operational perspective, this represents a phenomenon of <strong>&#8220;reverse commoditization&#8221;</strong>. Typically, premium products are commoditized when low cost competitors enter the market. In this case, however, legacy carriers <strong>commoditized the low cost product itself</strong>, creating a &#8220;good enough&#8221; cheap version of precisely what Spirit was selling, while retaining systemic advantages Spirit could not match. The result was that Spirit lost its ability to grow RASM (because the market would not accept higher prices for a ULCC product when comparable alternatives existed) while still bearing rising CASM (because operating costs are carrier agnostic).</p><p>This divergence did not happen overnight. It accumulated gradually from 2019, intensified through the <strong>Covid 19</strong> pandemic period, and by 2024 the gap had widened to the point where Spirit&#8217;s operating margin turned deeply negative. In 2024, Spirit&#8217;s total operating revenue was <strong>$4,913.4 million</strong>, down <strong>8.4%</strong> year over year, while the airline recorded a <strong>net loss of $1,229.5 million</strong> (approximately <strong>$1.2 billion</strong>). These figures demonstrate that the operating model had lost its ability to <strong>self balance</strong>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE PRATT &amp; WHITNEY GTF ENGINE EVENT AND ITS IMPACT ON OPERATING CAPACITY</strong></h3><p>If the CASM/RASM divergence represented <strong>chronic stress</strong>, the <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney GTF</strong> (<strong>Geared Turbofan</strong>) engine recall was an <strong>acute shock</strong> that struck directly at Spirit&#8217;s operating capability. This is a textbook case of how <strong>single source dependency</strong> on a critical equipment supplier can create <strong>systemic operational risk</strong>.</p><p>Spirit Airlines operated a fleet including <strong>Airbus A320neo</strong> and <strong>A321neo</strong> aircraft powered by <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney PW1100G JM</strong> engines from the GTF family. In <strong>July 2023</strong>, parent company <strong>RTX</strong> identified issues related to a <strong>powdered metal manufacturing defect</strong> in the <strong>high pressure compressor disk</strong>, triggering a large scale global inspection and replacement program. For Spirit, the direct consequence was <strong>38 narrowbody Airbus aircraft</strong> grounded, with all <strong>79 GTF engines</strong> in the fleet falling within the scope of the recall. Over <strong>50% of Spirit&#8217;s fleet</strong> consisted of A320/A321neo aircraft using GTF engines, making the airline especially vulnerable.</p><p>The operational impact can be measured through <strong>aircraft utilization</strong>: from <strong>11.1 block hours</strong> per day per aircraft in 2023, this figure dropped to <strong>9.9 hours</strong> in 2024. A decline of <strong>1.2 hours per day per aircraft</strong> may seem modest, but when multiplied across the entire fleet over a full year, it represents millions of lost <strong>Available Seat Miles</strong> (<strong>ASMs</strong>). For a ULCC operating on thin margins, every hour an aircraft sits on the ground without generating revenue constitutes a significant <strong>opportunity cost</strong>, since fixed costs (depreciation, lease payments, insurance) continue to accrue regardless of whether the aircraft flies.</p><p>The <strong>cascading effects</strong> across the entire <strong>operating chain</strong> were substantial. Spirit was forced to <strong>furlough 170 pilots</strong> effective <strong>September 1, 2024</strong> due to insufficient aircraft to maintain the flight schedule, followed by approximately <strong>300 additional pilots</strong> from January 2025. This not only affected labor costs but also created <strong>operational risk</strong> when schedule recovery became necessary: pilots returning from extended leave require <strong>recurrent training</strong> and <strong>proficiency checks</strong> before returning to line operations, introducing <strong>lag time</strong> into the capacity recovery process. Compensation from <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney</strong> (through its subsidiary <strong>International Aero Engines</strong>, or <strong>IAE</strong>) amounted to approximately <strong>$150 to $195 million</strong> (some sources cite up to $200 million), but monetary compensation could not offset the flights not flown, the ancillary revenue not generated, and the degradation in customer experience from cancellations and schedule disruptions.</p><p>From an operational standpoint, the GTF event exposed a critical characteristic of Spirit&#8217;s <strong>operating system architecture</strong>: <strong>fleet commonality</strong>, widely regarded as a strength, becomes a vulnerability when <strong>systemic risk</strong> materializes. When an entire fleet relies on a single engine type from a single supplier, a single quality event can impact the airline&#8217;s entire operating capacity with <strong>no backup fleet</strong> using alternative powerplants available as a substitute. This is the classic <strong>efficiency versus resilience trade off</strong> in <strong>operating system design</strong>, and Spirit had prioritized efficiency to the maximum extent.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE BLOCKED MERGER AND THE ABSENCE OF AN ALTERNATIVE PATH</strong></h3><p>In <strong>July 2022</strong>, <strong>JetBlue Airways</strong> proposed acquiring Spirit Airlines at an <strong>equity value of $3.8 billion</strong> (<strong>adjusted enterprise value of $7.6 billion</strong>). From a purely operational perspective, this transaction would have created the <strong>fifth largest airline</strong> in the United States with <strong>complementary route networks</strong>: JetBlue&#8217;s strength in major East Coast airports and transcontinental routes paired with Spirit&#8217;s strength in short to medium haul routes and secondary airports. The combination could have addressed Spirit&#8217;s RASM challenge (through JetBlue&#8217;s broader network connectivity and stronger brand) while helping JetBlue reduce CASM (through greater fleet scale and Spirit&#8217;s low cost operating expertise).</p><p>On <strong>January 16, 2024</strong>, a <strong>federal judge blocked the transaction</strong> on grounds that it would likely raise fares and reduce competition. Regardless of the rationale, the operational consequence was clear: Spirit lost its <strong>restructuring through merger</strong> pathway, an option that many ULCCs globally have successfully used when the standalone model is no longer sustainable. More critically, Spirit had devoted nearly <strong>two years</strong> (2022 to 2024) of <strong>management bandwidth</strong> and <strong>organizational energy</strong> to pursuing the merger, while fundamental operational issues (the CASM/RASM divergence, the engine event, the competitive landscape shift) continued to compound. When the merger was blocked, Spirit had to confront all of these deferred issues simultaneously, but now with weaker financial resources and a diminished market position.</p><p>This represents a critical operational lesson: when an organization commits its entire exit strategy to a <strong>single contingency</strong> (<strong>single exit strategy</strong>) and that contingency fails, the organization typically ends up in a worse position than before it began pursuing the option, because time and resources have been consumed while <strong>root cause issues</strong> remained unaddressed. In operations management, the principle of <strong>parallel contingency planning</strong> exists precisely to avoid this scenario. That said, it must be acknowledged that simultaneously pursuing a merger and deep operational restructuring is extremely challenging from a governance and resource allocation standpoint, particularly for an organization of Spirit&#8217;s scale.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE FIRST BANKRUPTCY AND THE QUESTION OF OPERATIONAL RESTRUCTURING</strong></h3><p>On <strong>November 18, 2024</strong>, Spirit Airlines filed for <strong>Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection</strong> for the first time. The airline spent <strong>87 days</strong> in the bankruptcy process before emerging in <strong>March 2025</strong>. In terms of timeline, 87 days is a notably swift process, made possible because Spirit had negotiated a <strong>pre-negotiated restructuring framework</strong> with the majority of its bondholders prior to filing.</p><p>However, from an operational perspective, the most notable characteristic of this first restructuring was its <strong>scope</strong>: it was primarily a <strong>balance sheet restructuring</strong>, focused on converting <strong>secured bond debt into equity</strong> (<strong>debt for equity swap</strong>) of the reorganized company. The core operational questions, including whether the ULCC business model remained viable in the new competitive landscape, whether the <strong>cost structure</strong> required fundamental change, whether the <strong>fleet strategy</strong> needed adjustment, and to what degree <strong>fuel risk management</strong> capabilities should be built, were not addressed to the necessary depth.</p><p>This created a paradox: Spirit emerged from bankruptcy with a cleaner balance sheet but with the <strong>same operating model</strong> that had led to bankruptcy. If the operating model is likened to an organization&#8217;s <strong>operating system</strong>, then the first restructuring was akin to clearing junk files to free up memory without updating or patching the operating system itself. The computer runs faster temporarily, but the underlying bugs persist and will resurface.</p><p>Actual results confirmed this: in just three months from <strong>March to June 2025</strong> following its Chapter 11 emergence, Spirit continued to lose an additional <strong>$257 million</strong> (versus the plan&#8217;s projected <strong>net income of $252 million</strong> for all of 2025). These figures demonstrate that the problem did not lie in the <strong>financial structure</strong> but in the <strong>operating structure</strong> and <strong>business model</strong>. A clean balance sheet serves no purpose when the enterprise continues to operate with <strong>CASM systematically exceeding RASM</strong>.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE SECOND BANKRUPTCY AND A RESTRUCTURING PLAN BUILT ON A SINGLE VARIABLE ASSUMPTION</strong></h3><p>On <strong>August 29, 2025</strong>, Spirit Airlines filed for <strong>Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for the second time</strong>, less than one year after the first. This time, the scale of the problem was significantly larger: <strong>total liabilities of $8.1 billion</strong> versus <strong>total assets of $8.6 billion</strong> (per court filings), meaning the safety cushion between assets and liabilities was only approximately <strong>$500 million</strong>, an extremely thin margin for an airline with billions of dollars in annual operating costs.</p><p>The second restructuring plan was built around a critical foundational assumption: <strong>jet fuel</strong> priced at <strong>$2.24 per gallon</strong> for 2026 and <strong>$2.14</strong> for 2027 (per the <strong>SEC filing</strong> from March). At this price level, combined with other operational adjustments, Spirit could achieve a <strong>positive operating margin</strong> of approximately <strong>+0.5%</strong> at the point of emergence. In other words, the entire recovery plan depended on the assumption that fuel prices would remain at or below historical average levels.</p><p>From an operational analysis perspective, this is a point requiring careful examination. <strong>Jet fuel</strong> is the <strong>highest volatility variable</strong> in any airline&#8217;s cost structure, typically representing <strong>25 to 35%</strong> of total operating costs. Building a recovery plan with a margin of only 0.5% based on an assumption about the most volatile cost variable, without meaningful <strong>fuel hedging</strong> mechanisms in place, means the plan is viable only within a <strong>very narrow scenario band</strong>. Any event pushing fuel prices above the assumed level would wipe out the margin entirely and return the airline to loss making territory.</p><p>This is not a critical observation but rather a structural assessment of the plan&#8217;s design. In practice, airlines undergoing bankruptcy have very limited access to the <strong>fuel derivatives market</strong> on favorable terms, given low credit standing and a lack of collateral. However, this very constraint underscores the importance of designing restructuring plans with <strong>multi-scenario planning</strong>, including adverse scenarios, and defining the <strong>breakeven thresholds</strong> at which the plan would need to be adjusted.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ CRISIS AND THE EXOGENOUS SHOCK</strong></h3><p>The event that fundamentally changed the situation was the <strong>Strait of Hormuz crisis</strong>. Beginning on <strong>February 28, 2026</strong>, when military conflict erupted in the region, oil shipments through the strait were severely disrupted, creating what analysts termed a <strong>&#8220;dual blockade&#8221;</strong>. Approximately <strong>20% of the world&#8217;s seaborne crude oil</strong> transits the Strait of Hormuz, and this disruption was immediately reflected in crude oil and jet fuel prices.</p><p><strong>Jet fuel prices surged approximately 95%</strong> since the conflict began, reaching approximately <strong>$4.51 per gallon</strong> by the end of April 2026, more than double the $2.24 assumption in the restructuring plan. According to <strong>J.P. Morgan</strong> analysis, if fuel prices sustained at the <strong>$4.60 per gallon</strong> level, the projected <strong>+0.5% operating margin</strong> would instantly swing to <strong>negative 20%</strong>. The estimated <strong>incremental fuel cost</strong> was approximately <strong>$360 million per year</strong>, a figure the airline had absolutely no capacity to absorb.</p><p>It is important to place Spirit&#8217;s situation within the broader industry context. The Hormuz crisis impacted every airline, not just Spirit. However, the impact was <strong>asymmetric</strong>. Major carriers with <strong>operating margins of 8 to 12%</strong>, with <strong>fuel hedging programs</strong> covering 30 to 50% of requirements, with financial resources to absorb short term shocks, and with <strong>pricing power</strong> from less price sensitive customer segments, were able to weather the high fuel price period without existential threat. Spirit, with near zero margins, no fuel hedge, financial resources depleted after two bankruptcies, and an extremely <strong>price sensitive customer base</strong> (unable to raise fares meaningfully without losing passengers), was pushed to the breaking point.</p><p>From a <strong>systems perspective</strong>, the Hormuz event is an example of an <strong>&#8220;exogenous shock&#8221;</strong>, the type of event that falls outside the normal probability distribution used for planning purposes. However, for the airline industry, geopolitical events affecting oil prices are hardly rare occurrences. The <strong>1973 oil crisis</strong>, the <strong>Gulf War of 1990 to 1991</strong>, <strong>September 11</strong>, the <strong>2008 financial crisis</strong>, the <strong>Covid 19 pandemic</strong>, each decade has produced at least one major disruption event for the industry. Therefore, the question is not whether unexpected events will occur, but whether the operating model has sufficient flexibility to <strong>absorb the impact</strong> when they do. In Spirit&#8217;s case, the answer was no, and this reflects <strong>operating structure</strong> rather than bad fortune.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>THE FINAL CHAPTER AND THE DISSOLUTION OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM</strong></h3><p>Following the fuel price surge, Spirit Airlines sought a <strong>federal bailout</strong> of <strong>$500 million</strong> in the form of a <strong>government loan</strong> convertible into an <strong>equity stake of up to 90%</strong> in the airline. However, the <strong>bondholders</strong> rejected the terms because the arrangement would subordinate existing creditor claims to the government&#8217;s position. The bailout was not approved. With revenue insufficient to cover operating costs at current fuel price levels, no additional financing available, and uncertain prospects for a rapid fuel price decline, Spirit&#8217;s leadership made the decision to <strong>cease operations</strong>.</p><p>The manner of the shutdown itself contains notable operational lessons. The notification of <strong>17,000 employees</strong> just one hour before the decision was announced (the <strong>Association of Flight Attendants</strong>, or <strong>AFA</strong>, leadership sent word to <strong>5,000 members</strong> at Spirit at approximately <strong>1:00 AM Eastern Time</strong>) reflects the urgency of the situation and simultaneously reveals the limits of <strong>transition planning</strong> capability when an organization is in a state of <strong>acute crisis</strong>. Under ideal circumstances, an <strong>orderly wind down</strong> allows time to support employee transitions, fulfill obligations to ticketed passengers, and preserve the value of transferable assets. However, when an enterprise is losing money every day it continues to operate, each day of delay in ceasing operations means additional financial losses, creating pressure for rapid action.</p><p>Spirit Airlines&#8217; shutdown also generated <strong>ripple effects</strong> across the entire U.S. aviation system. Hundreds of thousands of passengers holding Spirit tickets needed to be re-accommodated on other carriers. Airports where Spirit held a significant share of capacity, particularly <strong>Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport</strong> (<strong>FLL</strong>), where Spirit had been the largest airline with approximately <strong>65 daily domestic departures</strong>, suddenly lost a substantial portion of traffic. <strong>JetBlue</strong> promptly announced <strong>11 new routes</strong> from Fort Lauderdale to fill the gap. Aviation workers, especially pilots and flight attendants with specialized certifications, entered the labor market simultaneously, creating both opportunities (for airlines actively hiring) and challenges (for the workers themselves navigating the transition).</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>ANALYSIS FROM AN OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE PERSPECTIVE</strong></h3><p>Looking back at Spirit Airlines&#8217; entire trajectory, the picture that emerges is not simply an airline that went bankrupt, but an operating system that underwent <strong>process capability degradation</strong> over many years before ultimately failing. Collapse is never sudden for those who understand how to read the signals a system produces.</p><h3><strong>The confusion between &#8220;operational efficiency&#8221; and &#8220;operational health&#8221;.</strong></h3><p>This is the most common cognitive error in operations management practice, and Spirit Airlines is its clearest illustration. Within Operational Excellence thinking, there is a fundamental distinction between two concepts that many organizations conflate. <strong>Operational efficiency</strong> answers the question: &#8220;Is the organization minimizing waste within its current processes?&#8221; <strong>Operational health</strong> answers the question: &#8220;Does the operating system have the capability to sustain acceptable performance across multiple cycles of volatility?&#8221;</p><p>Spirit Airlines scored extremely high on operational efficiency. A uniform fleet, industry lowest CASM, minimal turnaround time, maximum seat density, every process lean to the point where virtually nothing remained to cut. But operational health was an entirely different story. Operational health can be understood as an organization&#8217;s <strong>immune system</strong>. A person may be able to run very fast (high efficiency) but if the immune system is compromised, an ordinary cold can lead to serious complications. Spirit ran faster than any airline on a straight track, but the airline&#8217;s operational immune system, its ability to withstand and recover from shocks, had deteriorated to a critical level.</p><p>When assessing the operational health of any organization, the focus should be on <strong>five leading indicators</strong>, signals that reveal the system <strong>will</strong> encounter problems before problems actually manifest, as distinct from <strong>lagging indicators</strong> such as profit, revenue, or on time performance, which only report what has already occurred. These five indicators include: <strong>capacity reserve margin</strong> (what percentage of capacity can be lost before the system ceases to function), <strong>cost adaptability speed</strong> (when revenue drops 10%, how quickly and by how much can costs adjust), <strong>risk source diversification</strong> (how many independent variables could independently cause systemic failure), <strong>financial buffer depth</strong> (how many months can the organization survive at zero revenue), and <strong>organizational learning capability</strong> (how quickly can the organization change its processes upon recognizing a problem). Applying these five indicators to Spirit as of 2023, before any major shock had occurred, the result would have been <strong>red alert status</strong> on nearly every measure.</p><h3><strong>The local optimization trap and the phenomenon of &#8220;sub-optimization&#8221;.</strong></h3><p>Within <strong>systems thinking</strong>, there is a principle that <strong>Dr. W. Edwards Deming</strong> emphasized repeatedly in his <strong>System of Profound Knowledge</strong>: <strong>optimizing individual components of a system does not lead to optimization of the whole system</strong>, and in many cases, it makes the overall system worse. This is the phenomenon of <strong>sub-optimization</strong>.</p><p>Spirit Airlines excelled at optimizing each individual component: fuel cost per ASM minimized through a new, efficient fleet; labor cost per ASM controlled through high workforce productivity; distribution costs reduced through direct sales; airport costs reduced through short turnaround times. But when viewed as a total system, this component level optimization produced a <strong>rigid</strong> system lacking the capacity for <strong>self adjustment</strong>. Every component was already running at the <strong>upper limit of its design capacity</strong>, leaving no slack to compensate when another component encountered problems.</p><p>The most intuitive analogy is a race car calibrated for maximum speed on a specific track, with tire pressure, gear ratios, wing angles, and fuel load all optimized for precisely that track, at that air temperature, at that humidity level. The car will outperform every competitor on that track. But if it rains, or the track layout changes a corner, or the temperature shifts by 10 degrees, the hyper optimized car will lose competitiveness faster than a car calibrated to perform &#8220;well enough&#8221; across multiple conditions. This is the precise paradox Spirit encountered: the airline was the <strong>fastest car on a dry track</strong>, but it had been raining since 2019, and the rain only grew heavier.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>&#8220;Common cause&#8221; versus &#8220;special cause&#8221; variation: reading the signals from the system.</strong></h3><p>One of the core competencies of a <strong>Master Black Belt</strong> is the ability to distinguish between <strong>common cause variation</strong> and <strong>special cause variation</strong> in operational data. Common cause variation is the inherent variation within a system, falling within <strong>control limits</strong>, and can only be reduced by changing the system itself. Special cause variation is variation caused by a specific, identifiable event that falls outside normal control limits.</p><p>Applying this lens to Spirit Airlines, two types of variation operating simultaneously become clear. <strong>Common cause variation</strong> includes the gradual CASM/RASM divergence, the gradual erosion of competitive advantage as legacy carriers rolled out Basic Economy, the gradual industry wide labor cost escalation, and the gradual post pandemic shift in consumer behavior as passengers began placing greater value on reliability and experience. These are <strong>structural trends</strong>, not caused by any specific event but rather by the natural evolution of the market. Addressing common cause variation requires <strong>changing the system</strong>, meaning changing the business model, redesigning the value chain, or repositioning the brand.</p><p><strong>Special cause variation</strong> includes the P&amp;W GTF engine event, the blocked JetBlue merger, and the Strait of Hormuz crisis. These are specific, identifiable events with clear impact. Addressing special cause variation requires <strong>isolating and treating the specific root cause</strong>.</p><p>The most common strategic error, what Deming called <strong>&#8220;tampering&#8221;</strong>, occurs when an organization <strong>responds to common cause variation with special cause treatment</strong>, or vice versa. In Spirit&#8217;s case, the first Chapter 11 restructuring can be analyzed through this framework: the airline treated the financial consequences (a symptom) with a balance sheet restructuring (a special cause intervention), while the actual problem was a structural shift in the market and business model (a common cause) requiring <strong>comprehensive system change</strong>.</p><h3><strong>Value Stream Thinking and the evolving definition of &#8220;value&#8221; in the customer&#8217;s eyes.</strong></h3><p>A foundational question when analyzing any operating system is: <strong>&#8220;Is the customer&#8217;s definition of value changing, and is the operating system changing with it?&#8221;</strong> Spirit Airlines defined customer value as <strong>the lowest possible ticket price</strong> and built its entire value chain around that definition. This was entirely logical at the time the model was designed.</p><p>But the customer&#8217;s definition of &#8220;value&#8221; is not a constant. After the <strong>Covid 19 pandemic</strong>, U.S. air travel consumer behavior underwent notable shifts. Customers began evaluating the <strong>total cost of experience</strong> rather than ticket price alone. Total cost of experience includes: the base fare plus baggage fees, seat selection fees, and food charges, plus <strong>risk cost</strong> (the probability of cancellation, delay, lost baggage, and having to self manage during disruptions), plus <strong>opportunity cost</strong> (no mileage accrual, no loyalty membership benefits, no flexible rebooking support). When legacy carriers sold Basic Economy fares priced only <strong>$15 to $25 higher</strong> than Spirit but bundled with a wider connecting network, frequent flyer programs, and disruption support, the <strong>total cost of experience</strong> on a legacy carrier was actually <strong>lower</strong> than Spirit in many scenarios, despite the nominally higher ticket price.</p><p>This carries profound operational implications. When customers change how they define value, but the operating system remains optimized around the old value definition, the system is producing something the market is <strong>increasingly unwilling to pay for</strong>, regardless of how efficiently it is produced. Efficiently producing something that customers no longer want to buy is the greatest form of waste in lean operational thinking: <strong>strategic level overproduction waste</strong>.</p><h3><strong>Single source supply chain and the concept of &#8220;single point of failure&#8221; at the systems level.</strong></h3><p>When analyzing Spirit&#8217;s dependency on the Pratt &amp; Whitney GTF engine, many observers see it as a straightforward <strong>supplier issue</strong>. But from a Master Black Belt perspective, this is a symptom of a deeper problem: Spirit had too many <strong>single points of failure</strong> across its entire operating system.</p><p>The list of single points of failure includes: <strong>one engine type</strong> only (PW1100G JM), <strong>one aircraft manufacturer</strong> only (Airbus), <strong>one business model</strong> only (pure ULCC), <strong>one primary customer segment</strong> (highly price sensitive), <strong>one primary source of competitive advantage</strong> (lowest price), and <strong>one primary geographic market</strong> (U.S. domestic and Caribbean). Each &#8220;one&#8221; in this chain is a single point of failure. In <strong>reliability engineering</strong>, the fundamental principle is: <strong>the overall reliability of a series system equals the product of the reliabilities of each component</strong>. With six components in series, each with 90% reliability (meaning a 90% probability of normal operation in any given cycle), the overall system reliability is 0.9 to the power of 6, or approximately <strong>53%</strong>. This means the system has nearly a <strong>50% probability</strong> of encountering at least one failure in any given cycle. This is not abstract mathematics but rather the reality Spirit experienced when multiple single points of failure triggered problems simultaneously.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>Reinforcing feedback loops and the &#8220;acceleration of decline&#8221;.</strong></h3><p>A critical feature of Spirit&#8217;s collapse that must be identified is the formation of <strong>reinforcing feedback loops</strong> (<strong>positive feedback loops</strong>) operating in a negative direction, meaning <strong>each problem made other problems worse</strong>, creating an accelerating decline effect.</p><p>The specific chain of impact: GTF event &#8594; reduced fleet capacity &#8594; fewer flights &#8594; reduced revenue &#8594; cost cutting &#8594; reduced service quality &#8594; lower <strong>load factor</strong> &#8594; further revenue decline &#8594; difficulty attracting investment capital &#8594; no funds for fuel risk mitigation &#8594; greater vulnerability to fuel price volatility &#8594; when fuel prices spike, impact is more severe &#8594; deeper losses &#8594; insolvency. Once initiated, this loop is extremely difficult to break because every effort to address one problem is undermined by the other problems within the loop.</p><p>In systems thinking, the only way to break a reinforcing feedback loop operating in a negative direction is to intervene at the system&#8217;s <strong>leverage point</strong>, the point where a small change can produce the greatest impact on the entire loop. For Spirit, the leverage point likely resided in the <strong>business model</strong> (transitioning from a pure ULCC to a hybrid model with a more diversified customer segment), but changing the business model while caught in a decline spiral requires resources the airline no longer possessed. This is a situation that in consulting practice is called a <strong>&#8220;closed intervention window&#8221;</strong>: the point at which change could have generated a positive impact has passed, and the organization is left only with less bad options rather than good ones.</p><h3><strong>The &#8220;yesterday&#8217;s optimized enterprise&#8221; problem.</strong></h3><p>There is a useful concept when analyzing organizations in distress: the <strong>&#8220;yesterday&#8217;s optimized enterprise&#8221;</strong>. This describes a state in which an organization has built a perfect operating system for a business environment that no longer exists. Every process, every capability, every organizational structure has been designed for a reality that has passed, and the opportunity cost of maintaining the old system grows increasingly larger than the benefit it delivers.</p><p>Spirit Airlines was the optimized enterprise for the <strong>2007 to 2019</strong> period, when fuel prices were relatively stable, when Basic Economy from legacy carriers did not yet exist, when American travelers were in the process of shifting toward a &#8220;pay for what you need&#8221; mindset, and when ULCC segment competition was limited. By 2023, each of these conditions had changed, but the operating system was still designed for the old context.</p><p>The deeper lesson here is not that Spirit was wrong to build the ULCC model. That model was entirely correct for its time and context. The lesson is: <strong>every operating model has a &#8220;design life&#8221;</strong>, just like bridges, machinery, or any engineered system. When the design life expires, not because the system has broken, but because the conditions the system was designed to operate within have changed sufficiently, the system needs to be <strong>redesigned</strong> rather than merely <strong>maintained</strong> or <strong>further optimized</strong>. Continuing to optimize a model that has exceeded its design life is like perfectly maintaining a typewriter in the age of computers: the typewriter may run better than ever, but no one needs it anymore.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>REFLECTIONS ON OPERATING SYSTEM DESIGN IN HIGH VOLATILITY ENVIRONMENTS</strong></h3><p>Building on the analysis above, the following seven reflections are offered for any operations leader managing an organization in a high volatility environment. These are not theoretical propositions but rather lessons drawn from the Spirit Airlines case, placed within the broader context of Operational Excellence practice.</p><h3><strong>Reflection one: Measure &#8220;distance to failure&#8221; rather than current performance alone.</strong></h3><p>The majority of <strong>operational dashboards</strong> across organizations focus on current performance: today&#8217;s revenue, this month&#8217;s costs, this quarter&#8217;s profit. Very few organizations measure and track the <strong>distance from the current state to the failure point</strong> (<strong>distance to failure</strong>). The failure point is the threshold at which the system loses its ability to self recover: &#8220;How much further can fuel prices rise before the operating margin turns negative?&#8221;, &#8220;What percentage of the fleet can be grounded before the route network begins to collapse?&#8221;, &#8220;How many months can the organization sustain continuous losses before liquidity is exhausted?&#8221; Had Spirit routinely measured and reported distance to failure across its critical variables, leadership would have seen that distance shrinking each quarter, creating the impetus to act earlier, while the <strong>intervention window</strong> remained open.</p><h3><strong>Reflection two: Build &#8220;operational switchability&#8221; as a core capability.</strong></h3><p>Most organizations build core competencies around <strong>operating</strong> the current model (doing what they already do, better). Very few build core competencies around <strong>transforming</strong> the model (shifting from one way of operating to another). The concept of <strong>&#8220;operational switchability&#8221;</strong> refers to the capability to move between different <strong>operating modes</strong> depending on environmental conditions.</p><p>In the airline industry, a worthwhile benchmark is <strong>Ryanair</strong> in Europe, also a ULCC but one that has built stronger switchability than Spirit. Ryanair maintains a <strong>fuel hedging program</strong> covering up to 80% of requirements over the next 12 months, allowing the airline to switch between &#8220;low fuel price&#8221; and &#8220;high fuel price&#8221; modes without shock. Ryanair also maintains a low <strong>debt to equity ratio</strong>, creating a financial buffer to absorb shocks. And most importantly, Ryanair operates in the European market where ULCC competitive dynamics differ from the United States, demonstrating that the same operating model in a different <strong>ecosystem context</strong> can produce different outcomes.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>Reflection three: Distinguish between &#8220;value creating savings&#8221; and &#8220;savings borrowed from the future&#8221;.</strong></h3><p>Not all cost savings are equivalent. In Operational Excellence, there is a fundamental difference between <strong>value creating savings</strong> (eliminating genuine waste, improving processes, enhancing productivity) and <strong>savings borrowed from the future</strong> (deferring maintenance, reducing training, cutting reserves, forgoing fuel hedging). The first type makes an organization stronger over time. The second type makes an organization <strong>appear</strong> stronger today while accumulating <strong>&#8220;operational debt&#8221;</strong>, analogous to the concept of <strong>&#8220;technical debt&#8221;</strong> in software development, meaning hidden costs that must be repaid in the future, typically at a much higher rate than the original savings.</p><p>When Spirit Airlines did not build a meaningful fuel hedging program, this was a form of immediate cost saving (no derivative contract premiums to pay) but simultaneously a loan taken from the future (accepting full exposure to fuel price volatility). When the future arrived in the form of the Hormuz crisis, that debt <strong>&#8220;came due&#8221;</strong> at an extremely high <strong>&#8220;interest rate&#8221;</strong>.</p><h3><strong>Reflection four: Financial restructuring does not substitute for operational restructuring.</strong></h3><p>This lesson warrants emphasis because it is so prevalent. In practice, the majority of restructurings over-index on the financial dimension and under-index on the operational dimension. The reason is simple: financial restructuring delivers <strong>immediately measurable results</strong> (reduce X billion in debt, save Y million in annual interest), while operational restructuring delivers results that are <strong>distributed over time</strong> and difficult to quantify in advance. Under pressure from bankruptcy courts, creditors, and the clock, organizations naturally gravitate toward the solution that delivers quick results. But if the root cause lies in the operating model, then financial restructuring is like <strong>pain relief without treating the disease</strong>: the patient feels better temporarily, but the condition continues to progress.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>Reflection five: &#8220;Resilience capability&#8221; is an investment, not a cost.</strong></h3><p>When an organization maintains <strong>spare capacity</strong>, <strong>diversifies suppliers</strong>, builds hedging programs, or holds cash reserves above what is needed for day to day operations, these actions are commonly perceived as &#8220;costs&#8221; because they <strong>generate no direct value</strong> under normal conditions. But this perception requires adjustment. Resilience capability is a form of <strong>operational insurance</strong>, and like insurance, its value only becomes apparent when an adverse event occurs.</p><p>The correct way to evaluate the value of resilience is to <strong>calculate across the full cycle</strong>, including both normal years and crisis years, rather than evaluating within a single normal year alone. If maintaining resilience capability costs 2% of revenue annually over 10 years (a cumulative 20% of revenue), but it prevents an event that could destroy 50% of enterprise value, then it is an investment with a <strong>clearly positive return</strong>. Spirit Airlines saved on hedging costs, reserve costs, and diversification costs for many years, but when the shock arrived, the cumulative savings amounted to a fraction of the total loss.</p><h3><strong>Reflection six: &#8220;Reactive culture&#8221; versus &#8220;preventive culture&#8221;.</strong></h3><p>Two types of operational culture must be distinguished. A <strong>reactive culture</strong> is one in which the organization excels at responding after incidents occur: mobilizing teams, rapid analysis, developing solutions, remediating consequences. A <strong>preventive culture</strong> is one in which the organization invests in identifying and preventing problems before they occur: continuously monitoring leading indicators, conducting periodic <strong>scenario analysis</strong>, building <strong>early warning systems</strong>, and maintaining <strong>contingency plans</strong> for adverse scenarios. A reactive culture looks impressive from the outside because observers see teams making heroic efforts to resolve crises spectacularly. But a preventive culture, though less &#8220;dramatic,&#8221; is the culture that produces sustainable organizations over the long term. The best organization is one that <strong>never needs heroes</strong>, because the system has been designed to handle the majority of contingencies automatically and with a plan.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/an-operational-excellence-perspective?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>Reflection seven: People remain at the center of every operating system.</strong></h3><p>This is the final reflection, but perhaps the most important. The most frequently asked questions in boardroom discussions about Operational Excellence are: &#8220;How can costs be reduced further?&#8221;, &#8220;How can productivity be increased?&#8221;, &#8220;How can processes be automated?&#8221; Far less frequently is the question posed: &#8220;How can the operating system better serve all stakeholders, including employees, customers, communities, and investors?&#8221;</p><p><strong>17,000 people</strong> lost their livelihoods as a result of the Spirit Airlines event. This is not a secondary consequence. It is a <strong>direct outcome</strong> of how the operating system was designed. An operating system designed solely to optimize a single financial metric (CASM, operating margin, share price) while overlooking sustainability for all stakeholders will generate short term value but can destroy long term value on a far greater scale. The ultimate objective of Operational Excellence is not to create the most efficient organization possible, but to create an organization that is <strong>both efficient and sustainable</strong>, where economic performance and responsibility to people are not opposite ends of a scale, but rather <strong>two pillars supporting the same roof</strong>.</p><p>Truong Ngo, DBA | <strong>Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt</strong> | <strong>40 under 40</strong> Operational Excellence professionals recognized by the <strong>American Society for Quality</strong> (<strong>ASQ</strong>) in 2021 | Founder at <strong>John&amp;Partners</strong>: Consulting | Coaching | Training in <strong>Operational Excellence</strong>.</p><p><em><strong>DISCLAIMER: </strong>This article is produced entirely for the purpose of <strong>academic analysis</strong> and <strong>professional knowledge sharing</strong> in the field of <strong>Operational Excellence</strong>. All content is based on <strong>publicly available sources</strong> including <strong>SEC filings</strong>, <strong>financial reports</strong>, and <strong>reputable news outlets</strong> at the time of writing. The author does not represent any organization, airline, or stakeholder mentioned herein. This article is <strong>not intended</strong> to criticize, assign blame, provide <strong>investment advice</strong>, <strong>legal counsel</strong>, or pass judgment on any individual or organization. All analyses, assessments, and reflections represent a <strong>purely operational professional perspective</strong> and are for <strong>reference purposes only</strong>. Figures and data may change as newer information becomes available. The author acknowledges and respects the <strong>17,000 Spirit Airlines employees</strong> and their families who were <strong>directly affected</strong> by this event.</em></p><p><em>All images are for illustrative purposes only.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean</span></a></p><p><strong>REFERENCES</strong></p><ol><li><p>Spirit Airlines &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Wikipedia&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_Airlines">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_Airlines</a></p></li><li><p>CBS Detroit &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines traces its roots to Metro Detroit, where it launched as a charter service in 1983&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/spirit-airlines-origin-metro-detroit/">https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/spirit-airlines-origin-metro-detroit/</a></p></li><li><p>AeroXplorer &#8212; &#8220;The History of Spirit Airlines: From 1983 to Now&#8221;: <a href="https://aeroxplorer.com/articles/the-history-of-spirit-airlines-from-1983-to-now.php">https://aeroxplorer.com/articles/the-history-of-spirit-airlines-from-1983-to-now.php</a></p></li><li><p>FundingUniverse &#8212; &#8220;History of Spirit Airlines, Inc.&#8221;: <a href="https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/spirit-airlines-inc-history/">https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/spirit-airlines-inc-history/</a></p></li><li><p>Airways Magazine &#8212; &#8220;Ben Baldanza: The Spirit of ULCC Innovation in the US&#8221;: <a href="https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/ben-baldanza-spirit-ulcc-innovation-us">https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/ben-baldanza-spirit-ulcc-innovation-us</a></p></li><li><p>Mighty Travels &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; Evolution From Charter Flights to Ultra Low Cost Giant&#8221;: <a href="https://www.mightytravels.com/2024/08/spirit-airlines-evolution-from-charter-flights-to-ultra-low-cost-giant/">https://www.mightytravels.com/2024/08/spirit-airlines-evolution-from-charter-flights-to-ultra-low-cost-giant/</a></p></li><li><p>Visual Approach Analytics &#8212; &#8220;Spirit&#8217;s RASM/CASM chasm&#8221;: <a href="https://visualapproach.io/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm/">https://visualapproach.io/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm/</a></p></li><li><p>Visual Approach Analytics &#8212; &#8220;Spirit&#8217;s RASM/CASM chasm (newsletter)&#8221;: https://weekly.visualapproach.io/p/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm</p></li><li><p>Santiago &amp; Company &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines and the Anatomy of an Optionality Failure&#8221;: <a href="https://www.santiagocompany.com/insights/spirit-airlines-and-the-anatomy-of-an-optionality-failure">https://www.santiagocompany.com/insights/spirit-airlines-and-the-anatomy-of-an-optionality-failure</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Reports $1.2 Billion Loss For 2024 With Plans For Recovery&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-1-billion-loss-2024-plans-recovery/">https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-1-billion-loss-2024-plans-recovery/</a></p></li><li><p>Aviation News Online &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; 2024 revenues down 8%, received $151 million in credits related to GTF engine issue&#8221;: <a href="https://aviationnews-online.com/public/article/spirit-airlines-full-year-revenues-down-8">https://aviationnews-online.com/public/article/spirit-airlines-full-year-revenues-down-8</a></p></li><li><p>FlightGlobal &#8212; &#8220;Engine issues and lease terminations among forces driving Spirit&#8217;s latest bankruptcy filing&#8221;: <a href="https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/engine-issues-and-lease-terminations-among-forces-driving-spirits-latest-bankruptcy-filing/164350.article">https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/engine-issues-and-lease-terminations-among-forces-driving-spirits-latest-bankruptcy-filing/164350.article</a></p></li><li><p>Skift &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines to Receive up to $200 Million for Pratt &amp; Whitney Engine Problems&#8221;: <a href="https://skift.com/2024/03/29/spirit-airlines-to-receive-compensation-for-pratt-and-whitney-engine-issues/">https://skift.com/2024/03/29/spirit-airlines-to-receive-compensation-for-pratt-and-whitney-engine-issues/</a></p></li><li><p>Aviation A2Z &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Gets $150 Million Compensation Amid P&amp;W Engine Problems&#8221;: <a href="https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2025/03/04/spirit-airlines-gets-150-million-compensation-from-pw/">https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2025/03/04/spirit-airlines-gets-150-million-compensation-from-pw/</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Backtracks On Plan To Furlough Up To 365 Pilots Next Quarter&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-backtracks-furlough-365-pilots/">https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-backtracks-furlough-365-pilots/</a></p></li><li><p>Airways Magazine &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Halts Growth Plans, Downgrades, Furloughs Pilots&#8221;: <a href="https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/spirit-halts-growth-downgrades-furloughs-pilots">https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/spirit-halts-growth-downgrades-furloughs-pilots</a></p></li><li><p>Justice Department &#8212; &#8220;Justice Department Statements on JetBlue Terminating Acquisition of Spirit Airlines&#8221;: <a href="https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-department-statements-jetblue-terminating-acquisition-spirit-airlines">https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-department-statements-jetblue-terminating-acquisition-spirit-airlines</a></p></li><li><p>Holland &amp; Knight &#8212; &#8220;2025 Aviation Bankruptcy Update&#8221;: <a href="https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/2025-aviation-bankruptcy-update">https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/2025-aviation-bankruptcy-update</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for the second time in a year&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/29/spirit-airlines-chapter-11-bankruptcy.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/29/spirit-airlines-chapter-11-bankruptcy.html</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines files for bankruptcy for 2nd time in less than a year&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2025/08/30/nx-s1-5522901/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-filing">https://www.npr.org/2025/08/30/nx-s1-5522901/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-filing</a></p></li><li><p>Fortune &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines looked like it was in the clear of reemerging from bankruptcy, but rising fuel costs threaten its exit&#8221;: <a href="https://fortune.com/2026/04/20/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-exit-jet-fuel-liquidation/">https://fortune.com/2026/04/20/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-exit-jet-fuel-liquidation/</a></p></li><li><p>MMCGInvest &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines at the Cliff Edge: Assumption Brittleness and the Arithmetic of the April 2026 Plan&#8221;: <a href="https://www.mmcginvest.com/post/spirit-airlines-at-the-cliff-edge-assumption-brittleness-and-the-arithmetic-of-the-april-2026-plan">https://www.mmcginvest.com/post/spirit-airlines-at-the-cliff-edge-assumption-brittleness-and-the-arithmetic-of-the-april-2026-plan</a></p></li><li><p>Globe and Mail &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down after oil price spike derailed restructuring plan&#8221;: <a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/international-business/article-spirit-airlines-shuts-down-iran-war-oil-price-spike/">https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/international-business/article-spirit-airlines-shuts-down-iran-war-oil-price-spike/</a></p></li><li><p>Al Jazeera &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines begins &#8216;wind down&#8217;, cancels all flights over fuel crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/5/2/spirit-airlines-begins-wind-down-cancels-all-flights-over-fuel-crisis">https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/5/2/spirit-airlines-begins-wind-down-cancels-all-flights-over-fuel-crisis</a></p></li><li><p>CBC News &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down, blames cost of fuel due to Middle East war&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/spirit-airlines-ceasing-operations-9.7185446">https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/spirit-airlines-ceasing-operations-9.7185446</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down after failing to reach a bailout deal, ending discount travel era&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/01/spirit-airlines-trump-bailout.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/01/spirit-airlines-trump-bailout.html</a></p></li><li><p>CNN &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines canceled all flights and is going out of business&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/02/business/spirit-to-halt-all-flights">https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/02/business/spirit-to-halt-all-flights</a></p></li><li><p>PBS News &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines goes out of business after 34 years, ceases operations immediately&#8221;: <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/spirit-airlines-goes-out-of-business-after-34-years-ceases-operations-immediately">https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/spirit-airlines-goes-out-of-business-after-34-years-ceases-operations-immediately</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines ceases operations after escalating financial struggles&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/05/02/nx-s1-5807933/spirit-airlines-ceases-operations-folds">https://www.npr.org/2026/05/02/nx-s1-5807933/spirit-airlines-ceases-operations-folds</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; final hours: &#8216;Godspeed my friend&#8217; as terminals go dark&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-shutdown-inside-the-final-hours.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-shutdown-inside-the-final-hours.html</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shutters after federal bailout falls through&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/05/04/nx-s1-5808972/spirit-airlines-shutters-after-federal-bailout-falls-through">https://www.npr.org/2026/05/04/nx-s1-5808972/spirit-airlines-shutters-after-federal-bailout-falls-through</a></p></li><li><p>Fortune &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines is ending operations immediately and going out of business after 34 years&#8221;: <a href="https://fortune.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-going-out-of-business-flight-refunds-rebooking/">https://fortune.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-going-out-of-business-flight-refunds-rebooking/</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Why Low Cost Airlines Struggle To Compete With Basic Economy Fares&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/low-cost-airlines-vs-legacy-carriers-basic-economy-analysis/">https://simpleflying.com/low-cost-airlines-vs-legacy-carriers-basic-economy-analysis/</a></p></li><li><p>NPR/KPBS &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines tried to be the Dollar General of the skies. Then the big airlines beat it at its own game&#8221;: <a href="https://www.kpbs.org/news/economy/2026/04/29/spirit-airlines-tried-to-be-the-dollar-general-of-the-skies-then-the-big-airlines-beat-it-at-its-own-game">https://www.kpbs.org/news/economy/2026/04/29/spirit-airlines-tried-to-be-the-dollar-general-of-the-skies-then-the-big-airlines-beat-it-at-its-own-game</a></p></li><li><p>Marketplace &#8212; &#8220;How ultra low cost carriers like Spirit lost customers to the major airlines&#8221;: <a href="https://www.marketplace.org/story/2026/04/30/how-ultra-lowcost-carriers-like-spirit-lost-customers-to-the-major-airlines">https://www.marketplace.org/story/2026/04/30/how-ultra-lowcost-carriers-like-spirit-lost-customers-to-the-major-airlines</a></p></li><li><p>The Points Guy &#8212; &#8220;JetBlue moves quickly to fill Spirit&#8217;s gap, adds 11 routes from Fort Lauderdale&#8221;: <a href="https://thepointsguy.com/news/jetblue-fort-lauderdale-11-new-routes-spirit-airlines/">https://thepointsguy.com/news/jetblue-fort-lauderdale-11-new-routes-spirit-airlines/</a></p></li><li><p>Wikipedia &#8212; &#8220;2026 Strait of Hormuz crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Strait_of_Hormuz_crisis">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Strait_of_Hormuz_crisis</a></p></li><li><p>Wikipedia &#8212; &#8220;2026 Iran war fuel crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Iran_war_fuel_crisis">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Iran_war_fuel_crisis</a></p></li><li><p>DDS Finance &#8212; "Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash": </p><div class="embedded-post-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;id&quot;:196239515,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.dds.finance/p/spirit-airlines-is-dead-how-a-5b&quot;,&quot;publication_id&quot;:3806101,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation &quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laWR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash, Failed Two Bankruptcies in 15 Months, and Got Killed by an Iran Fuel Shock&quot;,&quot;truncated_body_text&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-02T18:25:52.994Z&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;bylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:310892690,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;handle&quot;:&quot;stockdatamarket&quot;,&quot;previous_name&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab05a18c-6679-4881-a6d2-62ea9bd08d49_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Data-driven insights into economy and stock market &quot;,&quot;profile_set_up_at&quot;:&quot;2025-01-19T19:16:30.474Z&quot;,&quot;reader_installed_at&quot;:&quot;2025-10-25T07:01:59.616Z&quot;,&quot;publicationUsers&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:3880919,&quot;user_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;publication_id&quot;:3806101,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;public&quot;:true,&quot;is_primary&quot;:true,&quot;publication&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:3806101,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation &quot;,&quot;subdomain&quot;:&quot;ddstocks&quot;,&quot;custom_domain&quot;:&quot;www.dds.finance&quot;,&quot;custom_domain_optional&quot;:false,&quot;hero_text&quot;:&quot;Explore in-depth macroeconomic analysis, insights on major emerging companies, and sharp commentary on politics, inflation, and monetary policy decisions. This is your go-to source for understanding the forces shaping markets and the global economy.&quot;,&quot;logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;author_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;primary_user_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;theme_var_background_pop&quot;:&quot;#FF6719&quot;,&quot;created_at&quot;:&quot;2025-01-19T19:16:44.648Z&quot;,&quot;email_from_name&quot;:&quot;Data &#8212; Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;founding_plan_name&quot;:&quot;100kg coffee for dds&quot;,&quot;community_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;invite_only&quot;:false,&quot;payments_state&quot;:&quot;enabled&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:null,&quot;explicit&quot;:false,&quot;homepage_type&quot;:&quot;magaziney&quot;,&quot;is_personal_mode&quot;:false,&quot;logo_url_wide&quot;:null}}],&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;status&quot;:{&quot;bestsellerTier&quot;:null,&quot;subscriberTier&quot;:null,&quot;leaderboard&quot;:null,&quot;vip&quot;:false,&quot;badge&quot;:null,&quot;paidPublicationIds&quot;:[],&quot;subscriber&quot;:null}}],&quot;utm_campaign&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null}" data-component-name="EmbeddedPostToDOM"><a class="embedded-post" native="true" href="https://www.dds.finance/p/spirit-airlines-is-dead-how-a-5b?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_campaign=post_embed&amp;utm_medium=web"><div class="embedded-post-header"><img class="embedded-post-publication-logo" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laWR!,w_56,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png" loading="lazy"><span class="embedded-post-publication-name">Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation </span></div><div class="embedded-post-title-wrapper"><div class="embedded-post-title">Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash, Failed Two Bankruptcies in 15 Months, and Got Killed by an Iran Fuel Shock</div></div><div class="embedded-post-cta-wrapper"><span class="embedded-post-cta">Read more</span></div><div class="embedded-post-meta">a month ago &#183; Data Driven Stocks</div></a></div></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines is on shakier ground after avoiding hard decisions in bankruptcy&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/21/spirit-airlines-lessors-bankruptcy.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/21/spirit-airlines-lessors-bankruptcy.html</a></p><p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean</span></a></p></li></ol>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[GÓC NHÌN VẬN HÀNH | "SPIRIT AIRLINES: KHI MÔ HÌNH CHI PHÍ SIÊU THẤP MẤT ĐIỂM TỰA VẬN HÀNH"]]></title><description><![CDATA[G&#243;c nh&#236;n t&#7915; m&#7897;t chuy&#234;n gia t&#432; v&#7845;n Operational Excellence (Master Black Belt).]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[BizInsider]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 19:49:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoRB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F07ef5902-4774-4124-8fd9-4de2de5d0e8b_1536x1024.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IoRB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F07ef5902-4774-4124-8fd9-4de2de5d0e8b_1536x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ng&#224;y 2 th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m 2026, l&#250;c 3 gi&#7901; s&#225;ng theo <strong>gi&#7901; mi&#7873;n &#272;&#244;ng Hoa K&#7923;</strong>, <strong>Spirit Airlines</strong> ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c ng&#7915;ng to&#224;n b&#7897; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng khai th&#225;c bay. <strong>17.000 con ng&#432;&#7901;i</strong>, bao g&#7891;m <strong>14.000 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n</strong> ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c v&#224; h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n <strong>nh&#224; th&#7847;u ph&#7909;</strong>, nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#244;ng b&#225;o ch&#7881; <strong>m&#7897;t gi&#7901;</strong> tr&#432;&#7899;c khi quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; s&#7921; ki&#7879;n ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923; k&#7875; t&#7915; khi <strong>Midway Airlines</strong> &#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a sau s&#7921; ki&#7879;n ng&#224;y 11 th&#225;ng 9 n&#259;m 2001. C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a Spirit Airlines kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#7909; ph&#225; s&#7843;n th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng trong ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c s&#226;u s&#7855;c v&#7873; c&#225;ch m&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong>, d&#249; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; tinh g&#7885;n &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u, v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; khi c&#225;c <strong>gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng</strong> c&#7911;a n&#243; b&#7883; ph&#225; v&#7905; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i t&#7915; nhi&#7873;u ph&#237;a.</p><p>V&#7899;i t&#432; c&#225;ch l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong>, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y kh&#244;ng nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch ph&#225;n x&#233;t hay quy tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m cho b&#7845;t k&#7923; c&#225; nh&#226;n hay t&#7893; ch&#7913;c n&#224;o. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7869; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh 43 n&#259;m c&#7911;a Spirit Airlines ho&#224;n to&#224;n qua <strong>l&#259;ng k&#237;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong>, t&#236;m hi&#7875;u c&#225;ch m&#224; c&#225;c <strong>bi&#7871;n s&#7889; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i nhau, c&#225;ch m&#224; <strong>s&#7921; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra &#273;i&#7875;m m&#249;, v&#224; c&#225;ch m&#224; <strong>kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (operational resilience) &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh trong s&#7921; t&#7891;n vong c&#7911;a m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p. M&#7909;c ti&#234;u duy nh&#7845;t l&#224; r&#250;t ra nh&#7919;ng hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; cho b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;ang v&#7853;n h&#224;nh trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng cao.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>L&#7882;CH S&#7916; H&#204;NH TH&#192;NH V&#192; TRI&#7870;T L&#221; V&#7852;N H&#192;NH C&#7910;A SPIRIT AIRLINES</strong></h3><p>Spirit Airlines b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#225;i t&#234;n <strong>Charter One Airlines</strong> v&#224;o n&#259;m <strong>1983</strong>, ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng d&#432;&#7899;i m&#244; h&#236;nh <strong>bay thu&#234; bao</strong> (charter flight) t&#7841;i khu v&#7921;c <strong>Detroit, Michigan</strong>, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;ch ra t&#7915; <strong>Clippert Trucking Company</strong>. Trong g&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7853;p k&#7927; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n, h&#227;ng ph&#7909;c v&#7909; c&#225;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bay ng&#7855;n v&#224; trung b&#236;nh v&#7899;i quy m&#244; nh&#7887;, t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng t&#236;m ki&#7871;m v&#233; gi&#225; r&#7867; cho c&#225;c chuy&#7871;n du l&#7883;ch ngh&#7881; d&#432;&#7905;ng &#273;&#7871;n <strong>Las Vegas, Atlantic City</strong> v&#224; <strong>Bahamas</strong>. &#272;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 5 n&#259;m <strong>1992</strong>, h&#227;ng ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c &#273;&#7893;i t&#234;n th&#224;nh <strong>Spirit Airlines</strong> v&#224; chuy&#7875;n sang m&#244; h&#236;nh <strong>h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7883;ch tr&#236;nh</strong> (scheduled airline), &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u b&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#7863;t &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n trong h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n.</p><p>B&#432;&#7899;c chuy&#7875;n m&#236;nh quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i CEO <strong>Ben Baldanza</strong> (2006 &#273;&#7871;n 2015), khi Spirit Airlines tr&#7903; th&#224;nh <strong>h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng chi ph&#237; si&#234;u th&#7845;p</strong> (<strong>Ultra Low Cost Carrier</strong>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t <strong>ULCC</strong>) &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n v&#224; thu&#7847;n t&#250;y nh&#7845;t t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923;. Tri&#7871;t l&#253; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#244; h&#236;nh ULCC c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u qua m&#7897;t nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i: <strong>t&#225;ch bi&#7879;t ho&#224;n to&#224;n gi&#225; v&#233; c&#417; b&#7843;n kh&#7887;i m&#7885;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909; b&#7893; sung</strong> (m&#244; h&#236;nh <strong>&#8220;Bare Fare&#8221; unbundling</strong> t&#7915; n&#259;m 2007), t&#7915; &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;a gi&#225; v&#233; xu&#7889;ng m&#7913;c th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; thu h&#250;t ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m cao nh&#7845;t v&#7899;i gi&#225;. M&#7895;i d&#7883;ch v&#7909;, t&#7915; h&#224;nh l&#253; k&#253; g&#7917;i, h&#224;nh l&#253; x&#225;ch tay, l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n gh&#7871; ng&#7891;i, &#273;&#7891; &#259;n th&#7913;c u&#7889;ng, cho &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c in th&#7867; l&#234;n m&#225;y bay t&#7841;i s&#226;n bay, &#273;&#7873;u tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n <strong>doanh thu ph&#7909; tr&#7897;i</strong> (<strong>ancillary revenue</strong>) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh ph&#237; ri&#234;ng. M&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;a doanh thu ph&#7909; tr&#7897;i c&#7911;a Spirit l&#234;n m&#7913;c tr&#234;n <strong>40% t&#7893;ng doanh thu</strong> d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Baldanza, v&#224; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng l&#234;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>50 &#273;&#7871;n 59%</strong> v&#224;o n&#259;m 2024 (theo d&#7919; li&#7879;u <strong>IdeaWorks</strong>), m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng t&#7927; l&#7879; cao nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n to&#224;n ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, m&#244; h&#236;nh ULCC c&#7911;a Spirit &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#234;n m&#7897;t s&#7889; tr&#7909; c&#7897;t r&#245; r&#224;ng. Th&#7913; nh&#7845;t l&#224; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a <strong>chi ph&#237; tr&#234;n m&#7895;i d&#7863;m gh&#7871; kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng</strong> (<strong>Cost per Available Seat Mile</strong>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t <strong>CASM</strong>). Spirit duy tr&#236; CASM &#7903; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t ng&#224;nh b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch khai th&#225;c <strong>&#273;&#7897;i bay &#273;&#7891;ng nh&#7845;t</strong> (<strong>fleet commonality</strong>) v&#7899;i c&#225;c m&#225;y bay th&#226;n h&#7865;p <strong>Airbus d&#242;ng A320 family</strong>, t&#7889;i &#273;a h&#243;a <strong>m&#7853;t &#273;&#7897; gh&#7871; ng&#7891;i</strong> tr&#234;n m&#7895;i t&#224;u bay, gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u <strong>th&#7901;i gian quay &#273;&#7847;u</strong> (<strong>turnaround time</strong>) t&#7841;i c&#7893;ng, v&#224; lo&#7841;i b&#7887; m&#7885;i chi ph&#237; kh&#244;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p ph&#7909;c v&#7909; vi&#7879;c di chuy&#7875;n h&#224;nh kh&#225;ch t&#7915; &#273;i&#7875;m A &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m B. Th&#7913; hai l&#224; khai th&#225;c t&#7889;i &#273;a <strong>c&#244;ng su&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;i bay</strong> b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch t&#259;ng s&#7889; <strong>gi&#7901; bay trung b&#236;nh</strong> m&#7895;i ng&#224;y tr&#234;n m&#7895;i t&#224;u bay (<strong>aircraft utilization</strong>), nh&#7901; &#273;&#243; ph&#226;n b&#7893; <strong>chi ph&#237; c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh</strong> (<strong>fixed cost</strong>) l&#234;n nhi&#7873;u chuy&#7871;n bay h&#417;n. Th&#7913; ba l&#224; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c <strong>m&#7841;ng bay &#273;i&#7875;m n&#7889;i &#273;i&#7875;m</strong> (<strong>point to point</strong>) thay v&#236; m&#244; h&#236;nh <strong>tr&#7909;c nan hoa</strong> (<strong>hub and spoke</strong>) truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng, gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;n bay trung t&#226;m v&#224; r&#250;t ng&#7855;n th&#7901;i gian t&#224;u bay n&#7857;m tr&#234;n m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t.</p><p>Tri&#7871;t l&#253; n&#224;y, x&#233;t v&#7873; m&#7863;t thu&#7847;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; kinh &#273;i&#7875;n v&#7873; vi&#7879;c <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a m&#7897;t bi&#7871;n s&#7889; duy nh&#7845;t</strong>: <strong>chi ph&#237; &#273;&#417;n v&#7883;</strong>. Spirit Airlines &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n m&#236;nh th&#224;nh m&#7897;t c&#7895; m&#225;y v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u chu&#7849;n ch&#237;nh x&#225;c &#273;&#7875; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; nh&#7845;t &#7903; m&#7897;t <strong>d&#7843;i &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n r&#7845;t c&#7909; th&#7875;</strong>: gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh &#7903; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p &#273;&#7871;n trung b&#236;nh, nhu c&#7847;u cao t&#7915; ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m gi&#225;, &#273;&#7897;i bay ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7899;i c&#244;ng su&#7845;t khai th&#225;c cao, v&#224; &#237;t s&#7921; c&#7841;nh tranh tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7873; gi&#225; t&#7915; c&#225;c h&#227;ng truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng. Khi t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng, m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7899;i <strong>bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n m&#7887;ng nh&#432;ng kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n</strong>, Spirit &#273;&#227; ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh su&#7889;t nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m. Tuy nhi&#234;n, ch&#237;nh s&#7921; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a s&#226;u theo m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#361;ng &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong> m&#224; ch&#7881; b&#7897;c l&#7897; khi c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n bi&#234;n thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>S&#7920; PH&#194;N K&#7922; GI&#7918;A CHI PH&#205; V&#192; DOANH THU, D&#7844;U HI&#7878;U &#272;&#7846;U TI&#202;N C&#7910;A C&#258;NG TH&#7858;NG V&#7852;N H&#192;NH</strong></h3><p>&#272;&#7875; hi&#7875;u s&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; c&#7911;a Spirit Airlines, c&#7847;n ph&#226;n t&#237;ch hai ch&#7881; s&#7889; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7889;t l&#245;i nh&#7845;t trong ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng: <strong>CASM</strong> (Chi ph&#237; tr&#234;n m&#7895;i d&#7863;m gh&#7871; kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng) v&#224; <strong>RASM</strong> (<strong>Revenue per Available Seat Mile</strong>, Doanh thu tr&#234;n m&#7895;i d&#7863;m gh&#7871; kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng). M&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a hai ch&#7881; s&#7889; n&#224;y quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh <strong>bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong>, v&#224; khi kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7919;a ch&#250;ng thu h&#7865;p ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u, &#273;&#243; l&#224; <strong>t&#237;n hi&#7879;u c&#7843;nh b&#225;o s&#7899;m</strong> nh&#7845;t m&#224; b&#7845;t k&#7923; chuy&#234;n gia v&#7853;n h&#224;nh n&#224;o c&#361;ng c&#7847;n l&#432;u &#253;.</p><p>K&#7875; t&#7915; <strong>qu&#253; 1 n&#259;m 2019</strong>, CASM c&#7911;a Spirit Airlines &#273;&#227; t&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>40%</strong>, g&#7847;n g&#7845;p &#273;&#244;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t. Con s&#7889; n&#224;y ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; gia t&#259;ng &#273;&#7891;ng lo&#7841;t tr&#234;n nhi&#7873;u h&#7841;ng m&#7909;c chi ph&#237;: nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh sau &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch, chi ph&#237; nh&#226;n c&#244;ng t&#259;ng theo c&#225;c <strong>th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n lao &#273;&#7897;ng</strong> m&#7899;i tr&#234;n to&#224;n ng&#224;nh, chi ph&#237; b&#7843;o d&#432;&#7905;ng t&#259;ng khi &#273;&#7897;i bay gi&#224; h&#243;a v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi x&#7843;y ra s&#7921; c&#7889; thu h&#7891;i &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417;, chi ph&#237; thu&#234; t&#224;u bay t&#259;ng do th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng cho thu&#234; th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t. C&#7909; th&#7875;, <strong>CASM &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh (kh&#244;ng bao g&#7891;m nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u)</strong> t&#259;ng t&#7915; kho&#7843;ng <strong>5,67 cent</strong> v&#224;o Q4/2019 l&#234;n <strong>7,97 cent</strong> v&#224;o n&#259;m 2024. Trong khi &#273;&#243;, RASM ch&#7881; t&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>8%</strong> trong c&#249;ng giai &#273;o&#7841;n, m&#7897;t m&#7913;c t&#259;ng th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#242;n <strong>th&#7845;p h&#417;n m&#7897;t n&#7917;a so v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t</strong> chung. V&#7873; con s&#7889; tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i, &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i n&#259;m 2024, <strong>RASM</strong> c&#7911;a Spirit &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>9,27 cent</strong> trong khi <strong>CASM</strong> &#273;&#227; l&#234;n <strong>11,35 cent</strong>, ngh&#297;a l&#224; Spirit <strong>chi nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n thu</strong> tr&#234;n m&#7895;i d&#7863;m gh&#7871; kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng.</p><p>Nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n s&#226;u xa c&#7911;a s&#7921; ph&#226;n k&#7923; <strong>CASM/RASM</strong> n&#224;y n&#7857;m &#7903; c&#7843; hai ph&#237;a. V&#7873; ph&#237;a chi ph&#237;, nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i t&#7847;m ki&#7875;m so&#225;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p c&#7911;a h&#227;ng: gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u l&#224; bi&#7871;n s&#7889; to&#224;n c&#7847;u, chi ph&#237; lao &#273;&#7897;ng ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#7915; to&#224;n ng&#224;nh, chi ph&#237; b&#7843;o d&#432;&#7905;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o nh&#224; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, v&#7873; ph&#237;a doanh thu, s&#7921; tr&#236; tr&#7879; c&#7911;a RASM ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7897;t thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7841;nh tranh. C&#225;c <strong>h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng</strong> (<strong>legacy carriers</strong>) t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923; &#273;&#227; l&#7847;n l&#432;&#7907;t gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u h&#7841;ng v&#233; <strong>Basic Economy</strong> (kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u b&#7903;i <strong>Delta Air Lines</strong> n&#259;m <strong>2012</strong>, sau &#273;&#243; l&#224; <strong>American Airlines</strong> v&#224; <strong>United Airlines</strong>), v&#7873; c&#417; b&#7843;n l&#224; sao ch&#233;p m&#244; h&#236;nh d&#7883;ch v&#7909; t&#7889;i gi&#7843;n c&#7911;a Spirit nh&#432;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7855;n tr&#234;n n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng bay r&#7897;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n, <strong>ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng th&#226;n thi&#7871;t</strong> (<strong>loyalty program</strong>) m&#7841;nh h&#417;n, v&#224; danh ti&#7871;ng th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;u v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c h&#417;n. Khi m&#7897;t h&#224;nh kh&#225;ch c&#243; th&#7875; mua v&#233; Basic Economy tr&#234;n American Airlines hay Delta Air Lines v&#7899;i gi&#225; ch&#7881; cao h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t so v&#7899;i Spirit nh&#432;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bay tr&#234;n m&#7897;t h&#227;ng c&#243; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i k&#7871;t n&#7889;i r&#7897;ng v&#224; &#237;t r&#7911;i ro gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n h&#417;n, l&#7907;i th&#7871; gi&#225; c&#7911;a Spirit b&#7883; x&#243;i m&#242;n nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng <strong>&#8220;commoditization ng&#432;&#7907;c&#8221;</strong> (<strong>reverse commoditization</strong>). Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m cao c&#7845;p b&#7883; h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#243;a khi c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i th&#7911; gi&#225; r&#7867; gia nh&#7853;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#432;ng trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&#224;y, c&#225;c h&#227;ng truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng &#273;&#227; <strong>h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#243;a s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m gi&#225; r&#7867;</strong>, t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t phi&#234;n b&#7843;n &#8220;&#273;&#7911; r&#7867;&#8221; c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m m&#224; Spirit b&#225;n, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i gi&#7919; l&#7841;i &#432;u th&#7871; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#224; Spirit kh&#244;ng c&#243;. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; l&#224; Spirit m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#259;ng RASM (v&#236; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n gi&#225; cao h&#417;n cho s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ULCC khi c&#243; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n thay th&#7871;) nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i g&#225;nh ch&#7883;u CASM t&#259;ng (v&#236; chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t h&#227;ng n&#224;o).</p><p>S&#7921; ph&#226;n k&#7923; n&#224;y kh&#244;ng x&#7843;y ra qua &#273;&#234;m. N&#243; t&#237;ch l&#361;y d&#7847;n t&#7915; n&#259;m 2019, tr&#7903; n&#234;n nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n qua giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch <strong>Covid 19</strong>, v&#224; &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2024, kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#227; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a Spirit chuy&#7875;n sang &#226;m s&#226;u. N&#259;m 2024, t&#7893;ng doanh thu khai th&#225;c c&#7911;a Spirit l&#224; <strong>$4.913,4 tri&#7879;u</strong>, gi&#7843;m <strong>8,4%</strong> so v&#7899;i n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c, trong khi h&#227;ng ghi nh&#7853;n kho&#7843;n <strong>l&#7895; r&#242;ng $1.229,5 tri&#7879;u</strong> (kho&#7843;ng <strong>$1,2 t&#7927;</strong>). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; con s&#7889; cho th&#7845;y m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#227; m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; c&#226;n b&#7857;ng.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>S&#7920; C&#7888; &#272;&#7896;NG C&#416; PRATT &amp; WHITNEY GTF V&#192; T&#193;C &#272;&#7896;NG L&#202;N C&#212;NG SU&#7844;T KHAI TH&#193;C</strong></h3><p>N&#7871;u s&#7921; ph&#226;n k&#7923; CASM/RASM l&#224; c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng m&#227;n t&#237;nh, th&#236; s&#7921; c&#7889; thu h&#7891;i &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney GTF</strong> (<strong>Geared Turbofan</strong>) l&#224; <strong>c&#250; s&#7889;c c&#7845;p t&#237;nh</strong> &#273;&#225;nh tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#224;o n&#259;ng l&#7921;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a Spirit. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh v&#7873; c&#225;ch m&#224; s&#7921; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t <strong>nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p thi&#7871;t b&#7883; quan tr&#7885;ng</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra <strong>r&#7911;i ro v&#7853;n h&#224;nh mang t&#237;nh h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong>.</p><p>Spirit Airlines khai th&#225;c &#273;&#7897;i bay bao g&#7891;m c&#225;c m&#225;y bay <strong>Airbus A320neo</strong> v&#224; <strong>A321neo</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trang b&#7883; &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney PW1100G JM</strong>, thu&#7897;c d&#242;ng GTF. V&#224;o th&#225;ng 7 n&#259;m 2023, c&#244;ng ty m&#7865; <strong>RTX</strong> ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n <strong>khuy&#7871;t t&#7853;t kim lo&#7841;i b&#7897;t</strong> (<strong>powdered metal manufacturing issue</strong>) trong <strong>&#273;&#297;a qu&#7841;t n&#233;n cao &#225;p</strong> (<strong>high pressure compressor disk</strong>), m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh ki&#7875;m tra v&#224; thay th&#7871; quy m&#244; l&#7899;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tri&#7875;n khai tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u. &#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i Spirit, h&#7853;u qu&#7843; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p l&#224; <strong>38 m&#225;y bay th&#226;n h&#7865;p Airbus</strong> b&#7883; ng&#7915;ng khai th&#225;c, v&#224; to&#224;n b&#7897; <strong>79 &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; GTF</strong> trong &#273;&#7897;i bay &#273;&#7873;u n&#7857;m trong ph&#7841;m vi &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh thu h&#7891;i. Tr&#234;n <strong>50% &#273;&#7897;i bay</strong> c&#7911;a Spirit l&#224; m&#225;y bay A320/A321neo s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; GTF, khi&#7871;n h&#227;ng &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#7877; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p><p>T&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng qua ch&#7881; s&#7889; <strong>s&#7917; d&#7909;ng t&#224;u bay</strong> (<strong>aircraft utilization</strong>): t&#7915; <strong>11,1 gi&#7901; bay</strong> m&#7895;i ng&#224;y tr&#234;n m&#7895;i t&#224;u v&#224;o n&#259;m 2023, con s&#7889; n&#224;y gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng c&#242;n <strong>9,9 gi&#7901;</strong> v&#224;o n&#259;m 2024. S&#7921; s&#7909;t gi&#7843;m <strong>1,2 gi&#7901; bay</strong> m&#7895;i ng&#224;y tr&#234;n m&#7895;i t&#224;u nghe c&#243; v&#7867; nh&#7887;, nh&#432;ng khi nh&#226;n v&#7899;i to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7897;i bay v&#224; t&#237;nh tr&#234;n c&#7843; n&#259;m, n&#243; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u <strong>d&#7863;m gh&#7871; kh&#7843; d&#7909;ng</strong> (<strong>Available Seat Miles</strong>) b&#7883; m&#7845;t. V&#7899;i m&#7897;t h&#227;ng ULCC v&#7853;n h&#224;nh tr&#234;n bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n m&#7887;ng, m&#7895;i gi&#7901; t&#224;u bay n&#7857;m tr&#234;n m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t m&#224; kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra doanh thu l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>chi ph&#237; c&#417; h&#7897;i</strong> kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;, b&#7903;i chi ph&#237; c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh (kh&#7845;u hao, thu&#234; t&#224;u, b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m) v&#7851;n ph&#225;t sinh b&#7845;t k&#7875; t&#224;u bay c&#243; c&#7845;t c&#225;nh hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>H&#7879; qu&#7843; k&#233;o theo tr&#234;n to&#224;n <strong>chu&#7895;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> l&#224; &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;. Spirit ph&#7843;i cho <strong>170 phi c&#244;ng ngh&#7881; ph&#233;p t&#7841;m th&#7901;i</strong> (<strong>furlough</strong>) c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c t&#7915; ng&#224;y 1 th&#225;ng 9 n&#259;m 2024 do kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; t&#224;u bay &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; l&#7883;ch bay, sau &#273;&#243; th&#234;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>300 phi c&#244;ng</strong> t&#7915; th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2025. Vi&#7879;c n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n chi ph&#237; nh&#226;n s&#7921; m&#224; c&#242;n t&#7841;o ra <strong>r&#7911;i ro v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> khi c&#7847;n kh&#244;i ph&#7909;c l&#7883;ch bay: phi c&#244;ng sau th&#7901;i gian ngh&#7881; d&#224;i c&#7847;n <strong>t&#225;i hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n</strong> v&#224; <strong>ki&#7875;m tra n&#259;ng l&#7921;c</strong> tr&#432;&#7899;c khi quay l&#7841;i khai th&#225;c, t&#7841;o ra <strong>&#273;&#7897; tr&#7877;</strong> trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i c&#244;ng su&#7845;t. Kho&#7843;n b&#7891;i th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7915; <strong>Pratt &amp; Whitney</strong> (th&#244;ng qua chi nh&#225;nh <strong>International Aero Engines</strong>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t <strong>IAE</strong>) v&#224;o kho&#7843;ng <strong>$150 &#273;&#7871;n $195 tri&#7879;u</strong> (m&#7897;t s&#7889; ngu&#7891;n ghi l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n $200 tri&#7879;u), nh&#432;ng ti&#7873;n b&#7891;i th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#249; &#273;&#7855;p cho nh&#7919;ng chuy&#7871;n bay kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n, nh&#7919;ng doanh thu ph&#7909; tr&#7897;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra, v&#224; s&#7921; suy gi&#7843;m tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng khi chuy&#7871;n bay b&#7883; h&#7911;y ho&#7863;c d&#7901;i l&#7883;ch.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, s&#7921; c&#7889; GTF b&#7897;c l&#7897; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng trong <strong>ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> c&#7911;a Spirit: t&#237;nh <strong>&#273;&#7891;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;i bay</strong> (<strong>fleet commonality</strong>) v&#7889;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh l&#7841;i tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u khi <strong>r&#7911;i ro mang t&#237;nh h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong> x&#7843;y ra. Khi to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7897;i bay s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#249;ng m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; t&#7915; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p, m&#7897;t s&#7921; c&#7889; ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng duy nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n to&#224;n b&#7897; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c khai th&#225;c, kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#273;&#7897;i bay d&#7921; ph&#242;ng v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; kh&#225;c &#273;&#7875; thay th&#7871;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n kinh &#273;i&#7875;n v&#7873; s&#7921; &#273;&#225;nh &#273;&#7893;i gi&#7919;a <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;</strong> (<strong>efficiency</strong>) v&#224; <strong>kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i</strong> (<strong>resilience</strong>) trong thi&#7871;t k&#7871; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, m&#224; Spirit &#273;&#227; &#432;u ti&#234;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#7903; m&#7913;c t&#7889;i &#273;a.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong> TH&#431;&#416;NG V&#7908; S&#193;P NH&#7852;P B&#7882; CH&#7862;N V&#192; L&#7896; TR&#204;NH THAY TH&#7870; KH&#212;NG T&#7890;N T&#7840;I</strong></h3><p>V&#224;o th&#225;ng 7 n&#259;m 2022, <strong>JetBlue Airways</strong> &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t mua l&#7841;i Spirit Airlines v&#7899;i <strong>gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#7889;n ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u $3,8 t&#7927;</strong> (gi&#225; tr&#7883; doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh <strong>$7,6 t&#7927;</strong>). Th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7909; n&#224;y, t&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh thu&#7847;n t&#250;y, s&#7869; t&#7841;o ra h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n th&#7913; n&#259;m t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923; v&#7899;i <strong>m&#7841;ng bay b&#7893; sung</strong> cho nhau: JetBlue m&#7841;nh &#7903; c&#225;c s&#226;n bay l&#7899;n b&#7901; &#272;&#244;ng v&#224; c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n xuy&#234;n l&#7909;c &#273;&#7883;a, Spirit m&#7841;nh &#7903; c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n ng&#7855;n &#273;&#7871;n trung b&#236;nh v&#224; c&#225;c s&#226;n bay th&#7913; c&#7845;p. S&#7921; k&#7871;t h&#7907;p c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; RASM c&#7911;a Spirit (th&#244;ng qua m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#224; th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;u m&#7841;nh h&#417;n c&#7911;a JetBlue) &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i gi&#250;p JetBlue gi&#7843;m CASM (th&#244;ng qua quy m&#244; &#273;&#7897;i bay l&#7899;n h&#417;n v&#224; kinh nghi&#7879;m v&#7853;n h&#224;nh chi ph&#237; th&#7845;p c&#7911;a Spirit).</p><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>16 th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2024</strong>, m&#7897;t <strong>th&#7849;m ph&#225;n li&#234;n bang</strong> &#273;&#227; ch&#7863;n th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7909; n&#224;y v&#7899;i l&#253; do c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <strong>&#273;&#7849;y gi&#225; v&#233; l&#234;n</strong> v&#224; <strong>gi&#7843;m c&#7841;nh tranh</strong>. B&#7845;t k&#7875; l&#253; do, h&#7879; qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#224; r&#245; r&#224;ng: Spirit m&#7845;t &#273;i <strong>l&#7897; tr&#236;nh t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c th&#244;ng qua s&#225;p nh&#7853;p</strong>, ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n m&#224; nhi&#7873;u h&#227;ng ULCC tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;&#227; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng th&#224;nh c&#244;ng khi m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p kh&#244;ng c&#242;n b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng. Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, Spirit &#273;&#227; d&#224;nh g&#7847;n <strong>hai n&#259;m</strong> (2022 &#273;&#7871;n 2024) t&#7853;p trung ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c qu&#7843;n l&#253; v&#224; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7893; ch&#7913;c v&#224;o vi&#7879;c theo &#273;u&#7893;i th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7909; s&#225;p nh&#7853;p, trong khi c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#417; b&#7843;n (s&#7921; ph&#226;n k&#7923; CASM/RASM, s&#7921; c&#7889; &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417;, s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7841;nh tranh) ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#237;ch l&#361;y. Khi th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7909; b&#7883; ch&#7863;n, Spirit ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i v&#7899;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#227; b&#7883; tr&#236; ho&#227;n, nh&#432;ng l&#250;c n&#224;y v&#7899;i ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh y&#7871;u h&#417;n v&#224; v&#7883; th&#7871; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng k&#233;m h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh quan tr&#7885;ng: khi m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#7863;t c&#432;&#7907;c to&#224;n b&#7897; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c tho&#225;t hi&#7875;m v&#224;o m&#7897;t <strong>ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n duy nh&#7845;t</strong> (<strong>single exit strategy</strong>), v&#224; ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n &#273;&#243; th&#7845;t b&#7841;i, t&#7893; ch&#7913;c th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#417;i v&#224;o tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n so v&#7899;i tr&#432;&#7899;c khi b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u theo &#273;u&#7893;i ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n, b&#7903;i th&#7901;i gian v&#224; ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c &#273;&#227; b&#7883; ti&#234;u t&#7889;n trong khi c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; g&#7889;c r&#7877; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7917; l&#253;. Trong qu&#7843;n l&#253; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c v&#7873; c&#225;c <strong>ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n d&#7921; ph&#242;ng song song</strong> (<strong>parallel contingency planning</strong>) t&#7891;n t&#7841;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7875; tr&#225;nh t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng n&#224;y. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#7847;n nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i theo &#273;u&#7893;i s&#225;p nh&#7853;p v&#224; t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;u r&#7897;ng l&#224; c&#7921;c k&#7923; kh&#243; kh&#259;n v&#7873; m&#7863;t qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; v&#224; ph&#226;n b&#7893; ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c quy m&#244; nh&#432; Spirit.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>L&#7846;N PH&#193; S&#7842;N TH&#7912; NH&#7844;T V&#192; C&#194;U H&#7886;I V&#7872; T&#193;I C&#7844;U TR&#218;C V&#7852;N H&#192;NH</strong></h3><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>18 th&#225;ng 11 n&#259;m 2024</strong>, Spirit Airlines n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n b&#7843;o h&#7897; ph&#225; s&#7843;n theo <strong>Ch&#432;&#417;ng 11 Lu&#7853;t Ph&#225; s&#7843;n Hoa K&#7923;</strong> l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n. H&#227;ng tr&#7843;i qua <strong>87 ng&#224;y</strong> trong quy tr&#236;nh b&#7843;o h&#7897; v&#224; tho&#225;t ra v&#224;o <strong>th&#225;ng 3 n&#259;m 2025</strong>. X&#233;t v&#7873; m&#7863;t th&#7901;i gian, 87 ng&#224;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ti&#7871;n tr&#236;nh nhanh ch&#243;ng &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7901; Spirit &#273;&#227; &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t <strong>khung t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c to&#224;n di&#7879;n</strong> (<strong>pre-negotiated restructuring framework</strong>) v&#7899;i ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c ch&#7911; n&#7907; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, t&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a l&#7847;n t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n n&#224;y l&#224; ph&#7841;m vi c&#7911;a n&#243;: &#273;&#243; ch&#7911; y&#7871;u l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c <strong>t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i k&#7871; to&#225;n</strong> (<strong>balance sheet restructuring</strong>), t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c <strong>ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#7907; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u c&#243; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o th&#224;nh v&#7889;n c&#7893; ph&#7847;n</strong> (<strong>debt for equity swap</strong>) c&#7911;a c&#244;ng ty t&#225;i t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. C&#225;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7889;t l&#245;i, bao g&#7891;m m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh ULCC c&#243; c&#242;n kh&#7843; thi trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7841;nh tranh m&#7899;i hay kh&#244;ng, <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c chi ph&#237;</strong> c&#243; c&#7847;n thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#259;n b&#7843;n hay kh&#244;ng, <strong>chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7897;i bay</strong> c&#243; c&#7847;n &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh hay kh&#244;ng, n&#259;ng l&#7921;c <strong>ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a r&#7911;i ro nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#7903; m&#7913;c n&#224;o, &#273;&#7873;u ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7917; l&#253; &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t ngh&#7883;ch l&#253;: Spirit tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i ph&#225; s&#7843;n v&#7899;i b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i k&#7871; to&#225;n g&#7885;n nh&#7865; h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i <strong>c&#249;ng m&#7897;t m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> &#273;&#227; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225; s&#7843;n. N&#7871;u v&#237; m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#224; <strong>h&#7879; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh</strong> c&#7911;a m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c, th&#236; l&#7847;n t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c th&#7913; nh&#7845;t gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; vi&#7879;c x&#243;a b&#7899;t d&#7919; li&#7879;u r&#225;c &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng b&#7897; nh&#7899;, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t hay s&#7917;a l&#7895;i h&#7879; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh. M&#225;y t&#237;nh ch&#7841;y nhanh h&#417;n t&#7841;m th&#7901;i, nh&#432;ng c&#225;c l&#7895;i c&#361; v&#7851;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i v&#224; s&#7869; t&#225;i ph&#225;t.</p><p>K&#7871;t qu&#7843; th&#7921;c t&#7871; x&#225;c nh&#7853;n &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y: ch&#7881; trong ba th&#225;ng t&#7915; th&#225;ng 3 &#273;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 6 n&#259;m 2025 sau khi tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i Ch&#432;&#417;ng 11, Spirit ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c thua l&#7895; th&#234;m <strong>$257 tri&#7879;u</strong> (so v&#7899;i m&#7913;c d&#7921; b&#225;o <strong>l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n r&#242;ng $252 tri&#7879;u</strong> cho c&#7843; n&#259;m 2025). Con s&#7889; n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh m&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> v&#224; <strong>m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh</strong>. M&#7897;t b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i k&#7871; to&#225;n s&#7841;ch s&#7869; kh&#244;ng gi&#250;p &#237;ch g&#236; khi doanh nghi&#7879;p ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7899;i <strong>CASM cao h&#417;n RASM</strong> &#7903; m&#7913;c c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>L&#7846;N PH&#193; S&#7842;N TH&#7912; HAI V&#192; K&#7870; HO&#7840;CH T&#193;I C&#7844;U TR&#218;C D&#7920;A TR&#202;N GI&#7842; &#272;&#7882;NH &#272;&#416;N BI&#7870;N</strong></h3><p>Ng&#224;y <strong>29 th&#225;ng 8 n&#259;m 2025</strong>, Spirit Airlines n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n b&#7843;o h&#7897; ph&#225; s&#7843;n <strong>Ch&#432;&#417;ng 11 l&#7847;n th&#7913; hai</strong>, ch&#432;a &#273;&#7847;y m&#7897;t n&#259;m sau l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u. L&#7847;n n&#224;y, quy m&#244; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#7899;n h&#417;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;: <strong>t&#7893;ng n&#7907; $8,1 t&#7927;</strong> so v&#7899;i <strong>t&#7893;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n $8,6 t&#7927;</strong> (theo h&#7891; s&#417; t&#242;a &#225;n), ngh&#297;a l&#224; ph&#7847;n &#273;&#7879;m an to&#224;n gi&#7919;a t&#224;i s&#7843;n v&#224; n&#7907; ch&#7881; c&#242;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>$500 tri&#7879;u</strong>, m&#7897;t bi&#234;n an to&#224;n c&#7921;c k&#7923; m&#7887;ng cho m&#7897;t h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng v&#7899;i chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh h&#224;ng t&#7927; &#273;&#244; la m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p><p>K&#7871; ho&#7841;ch t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c l&#7847;n th&#7913; hai &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng quan tr&#7885;ng: gi&#225; <strong>nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng</strong> (<strong>jet fuel</strong>) &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>$2,24 m&#7895;i gallon</strong> cho n&#259;m 2026 v&#224; <strong>$2,14</strong> cho n&#259;m 2027 (theo h&#7891; s&#417; <strong>SEC</strong> th&#225;ng 3). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7913;c gi&#225; m&#224; t&#7841;i &#273;&#243;, v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh kh&#225;c, Spirit c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t <strong>bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#432;&#417;ng</strong> kho&#7843;ng <strong>+0,5%</strong> t&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m tho&#225;t ph&#225; s&#7843;n. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, to&#224;n b&#7897; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i d&#7921;a tr&#234;n gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u s&#7869; duy tr&#236; &#7903; m&#7913;c trung b&#236;nh l&#7883;ch s&#7917; ho&#7863;c th&#7845;p h&#417;n.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t chuy&#234;n gia v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7847;n ph&#226;n t&#237;ch k&#7929;. Gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#224; <strong>bi&#7871;n s&#7889; c&#243; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t</strong> (<strong>highest volatility</strong>) trong c&#417; c&#7845;u chi ph&#237; c&#7911;a b&#7845;t k&#7923; h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng n&#224;o, th&#432;&#7901;ng chi&#7871;m <strong>25 &#273;&#7871;n 35%</strong> t&#7893;ng chi ph&#237; khai th&#225;c. X&#226;y d&#7921;ng k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i v&#7899;i bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n ch&#7881; 0,5% d&#7921;a tr&#234;n gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7873; bi&#7871;n s&#7889; c&#243; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng cao nh&#7845;t, m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#417; ch&#7871; <strong>ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a r&#7911;i ro nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> (<strong>fuel hedging</strong>) &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, ngh&#297;a l&#224; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; kh&#7843; thi trong m&#7897;t <strong>d&#7843;i k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n r&#7845;t h&#7865;p</strong>. B&#7845;t k&#7923; s&#7921; ki&#7879;n n&#224;o &#273;&#7849;y gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u l&#234;n tr&#234;n m&#7913;c gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7873;u s&#7869; x&#243;a s&#7841;ch bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#224; &#273;&#432;a h&#227;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i v&#249;ng thua l&#7895;.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; nh&#7853;n x&#233;t ph&#234; ph&#225;n, m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t quan s&#225;t v&#7873; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7911;a k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch. Trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, c&#225;c h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;ang trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#225; s&#7843;n c&#243; r&#7845;t &#237;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n <strong>th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#225;i sinh nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> (<strong>fuel derivatives market</strong>) v&#7899;i &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n t&#7889;t, v&#236; uy t&#237;n t&#237;n d&#7909;ng th&#7845;p v&#224; thi&#7871;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o. Tuy nhi&#234;n, ch&#237;nh h&#7841;n ch&#7871; n&#224;y c&#224;ng nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh t&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7899;i <strong>nhi&#7873;u k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> (<strong>multi-scenario planning</strong>), bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n b&#7845;t l&#7907;i, v&#224; x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh c&#225;c <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n</strong> (<strong>breakeven thresholds</strong>) m&#224; t&#7841;i &#273;&#243; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>KH&#7910;NG HO&#7842;NG EO BI&#7874;N HORMUZ V&#192; BI&#7870;N C&#7888; NGO&#192;I M&#212; H&#204;NH</strong></h3><p>S&#7921; ki&#7879;n thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7909;c di&#7879;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n l&#224; cu&#7897;c <strong>kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#7841;i Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz</strong>. K&#7875; t&#7915; ng&#224;y <strong>28 th&#225;ng 2 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, khi xung &#273;&#7897;t qu&#226;n s&#7921; b&#249;ng n&#7893; t&#7841;i khu v&#7921;c, ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n d&#7847;u m&#7887; qua eo bi&#7875;n n&#224;y b&#7883; gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng, h&#236;nh th&#224;nh t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng m&#224; c&#225;c nh&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>&#8220;phong t&#7887;a k&#233;p&#8221;</strong> (<strong>dual blockade</strong>). Kho&#7843;ng <strong>20% l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7847;u th&#244;</strong> v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7875;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;i qua Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz, v&#224; s&#7921; gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n n&#224;y l&#7853;p t&#7913;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh l&#234;n gi&#225; d&#7847;u th&#244; v&#224; gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng.</p><p>Gi&#225; <strong>nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng</strong> t&#259;ng v&#7885;t kho&#7843;ng <strong>95%</strong> k&#7875; t&#7915; khi xung &#273;&#7897;t b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u, l&#234;n m&#7913;c kho&#7843;ng <strong>$4,51 m&#7895;i gallon</strong> v&#224;o cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 4 n&#259;m 2026, cao h&#417;n g&#7845;p &#273;&#244;i so v&#7899;i m&#7913;c $2,24 trong gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. Theo ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#7911;a <strong>J.P. Morgan</strong>, n&#7871;u gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u duy tr&#236; &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>$4,60 m&#7895;i gallon</strong>, bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#7921; ki&#7871;n &#7903; m&#7913;c +0,5% s&#7869; l&#7853;p t&#7913;c chuy&#7875;n th&#224;nh <strong>&#226;m 20%</strong>. Kho&#7843;n <strong>chi ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u b&#7893; sung</strong> &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh kho&#7843;ng <strong>$360 tri&#7879;u</strong> m&#7895;i n&#259;m, m&#7897;t con s&#7889; m&#224; h&#227;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#244;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7845;p th&#7909;.</p><p>&#7902; &#273;&#226;y, c&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;t t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng c&#7911;a Spirit trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh to&#224;n ng&#224;nh. Cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Hormuz &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7885;i h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, kh&#244;ng ri&#234;ng Spirit. Tuy nhi&#234;n, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7873;u. C&#225;c h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n v&#7899;i <strong>bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh 8 &#273;&#7871;n 12%</strong>, v&#7899;i ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh <strong>ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a r&#7911;i ro nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> ph&#7911; 30 &#273;&#7871;n 50% nhu c&#7847;u, v&#7899;i ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; s&#7889;c trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, v&#224; v&#7899;i kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <strong>&#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh gi&#225; v&#233;</strong> (<strong>pricing power</strong>) nh&#7901; ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng &#237;t nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m gi&#225; h&#417;n, &#273;&#227; c&#243; th&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t qua giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u cao m&#224; kh&#244;ng b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a t&#7891;n vong. Spirit, v&#7899;i bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n g&#7847;n b&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng, kh&#244;ng c&#243; <strong>hedge nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong>, ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#7841;n ki&#7879;t sau hai l&#7847;n ph&#225; s&#7843;n, v&#224; ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng c&#7921;c k&#7923; <strong>nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m gi&#225;</strong> (kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#259;ng gi&#225; v&#233; m&#7841;nh m&#224; kh&#244;ng m&#7845;t kh&#225;ch), &#273;&#227; b&#7883; &#273;&#7849;y &#273;&#7871;n ranh gi&#7899;i.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, s&#7921; ki&#7879;n Hormuz l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7873; <strong>&#8220;c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#234;n ngo&#224;i m&#244; h&#236;nh&#8221;</strong> (<strong>exogenous shock</strong>), lo&#7841;i s&#7921; ki&#7879;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong <strong>ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i x&#225;c su&#7845;t b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; l&#7853;p k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch. Tuy nhi&#234;n, v&#7899;i ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, c&#225;c s&#7921; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n gi&#225; d&#7847;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; hi&#7871;m g&#7863;p. <strong>Cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng d&#7847;u m&#7887; n&#259;m 1973</strong>, <strong>Chi&#7871;n tranh v&#249;ng V&#7883;nh 1990 &#273;&#7871;n 1991</strong>, <strong>s&#7921; ki&#7879;n ng&#224;y 11 th&#225;ng 9</strong>, <strong>cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh 2008</strong>, <strong>&#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch Covid 19</strong>, m&#7895;i th&#7853;p k&#7927; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; &#237;t nh&#7845;t m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n g&#226;y bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n cho ng&#224;nh. Do &#273;&#243;, c&#226;u h&#7887;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; li&#7879;u s&#7921; ki&#7879;n b&#7845;t ng&#7901; c&#243; x&#7843;y ra hay kh&#244;ng, m&#224; l&#224; m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; &#273;&#7911; linh ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng khi s&#7921; ki&#7879;n x&#7843;y ra hay kh&#244;ng. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#7911;a Spirit, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i l&#224; kh&#244;ng, v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y ph&#7843;n &#225;nh <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> h&#417;n l&#224; s&#7921; thi&#7871;u may m&#7855;n.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>H&#192;NH TR&#204;NH CU&#7888;I C&#217;NG V&#192; S&#7920; TAN R&#195; C&#7910;A H&#7878; TH&#7888;NG V&#7852;N H&#192;NH</strong></h3><p>Sau khi gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u t&#259;ng v&#7885;t, Spirit Airlines t&#236;m ki&#7871;m m&#7897;t <strong>g&#243;i c&#7913;u tr&#7907; li&#234;n bang</strong> tr&#7883; gi&#225; <strong>$500 tri&#7879;u</strong> d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng <strong>kho&#7843;n vay</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y <strong>c&#7893; ph&#7847;n l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n 90%</strong> trong h&#227;ng. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#225;c <strong>ch&#7911; n&#7907; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u</strong> (<strong>bondholders</strong>) t&#7915; ch&#7889;i &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n n&#224;y v&#236; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n s&#7869; &#273;&#7863;t quy&#7873;n l&#7907;i c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; <strong>tr&#432;&#7899;c quy&#7873;n l&#7907;i c&#7911;a c&#225;c ch&#7911; n&#7907; hi&#7879;n h&#7919;u</strong>. G&#243;i c&#7913;u tr&#7907; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p thu&#7853;n. V&#7899;i doanh thu kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; b&#249; chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7903; m&#7913;c gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngu&#7891;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh b&#7893; sung, v&#224; tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u gi&#7843;m nhanh l&#224; kh&#244;ng ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n, ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o Spirit &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh ng&#7915;ng khai th&#225;c.</p><p>C&#225;ch th&#7913;c ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#361;ng ch&#7913;a &#273;&#7921;ng nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i h&#7885;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#225;ng l&#432;u &#253;. Vi&#7879;c th&#244;ng b&#225;o cho <strong>17.000 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n</strong> ch&#7881; m&#7897;t gi&#7901; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; (ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o <strong>Hi&#7879;p h&#7897;i Ti&#7871;p vi&#234;n H&#224;ng kh&#244;ng</strong>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t <strong>AFA</strong>, g&#7917;i th&#244;ng b&#225;o cho <strong>5.000 th&#224;nh vi&#234;n</strong> t&#7841;i Spirit v&#224;o kho&#7843;ng <strong>1 gi&#7901; s&#225;ng</strong> gi&#7901; mi&#7873;n &#272;&#244;ng) cho th&#7845;y m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p c&#7911;a t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i ph&#7843;n &#225;nh gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n trong kh&#7843; n&#259;ng l&#7853;p <strong>k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch chuy&#7875;n giao</strong> (<strong>transition planning</strong>) khi m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;ang &#7903; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng c&#7845;p t&#237;nh. Trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n l&#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng, vi&#7879;c <strong>ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#243; tr&#7853;t t&#7921;</strong> (<strong>orderly wind down</strong>) cho ph&#233;p th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i, ho&#224;n t&#7845;t c&#225;c ngh&#297;a v&#7909; v&#7899;i kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7863;t v&#233;, v&#224; b&#7843;o to&#224;n gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n nh&#432;&#7907;ng. Tuy nhi&#234;n, khi doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;ang m&#7845;t ti&#7873;n m&#7895;i ng&#224;y ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng, m&#7895;i ng&#224;y ch&#7853;m tr&#7877; trong vi&#7879;c ng&#7915;ng khai th&#225;c &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i t&#7893;n th&#7845;t t&#224;i ch&#237;nh b&#7893; sung, t&#7841;o ra &#225;p l&#7921;c h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng nhanh.</p><p>S&#7921; ki&#7879;n Spirit Airlines ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#361;ng t&#7841;o ra <strong>hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng lan t&#7887;a</strong> tr&#234;n to&#224;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng Hoa K&#7923;. H&#224;ng tr&#259;m ngh&#236;n h&#224;nh kh&#225;ch &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7863;t v&#233; tr&#234;n Spirit c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7855;p x&#7871;p l&#7841;i tr&#234;n c&#225;c h&#227;ng kh&#225;c. C&#225;c s&#226;n bay n&#417;i Spirit chi&#7871;m t&#7927; l&#7879; c&#244;ng su&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t t&#7841;i <strong>Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport</strong> (<strong>FLL</strong>), n&#417;i Spirit t&#7915;ng l&#224; h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t v&#7899;i kho&#7843;ng <strong>65 chuy&#7871;n bay n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a</strong> m&#7895;i ng&#224;y, &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t m&#7845;t &#273;i m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng. <strong>JetBlue</strong> ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; m&#7903; <strong>11 tuy&#7871;n bay m&#7899;i</strong> t&#7915; Fort Lauderdale &#273;&#7875; l&#7845;p kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng. Nh&#226;n vi&#234;n h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; phi c&#244;ng v&#224; ti&#7871;p vi&#234;n v&#7899;i c&#225;c ch&#7913;ng ch&#7881; chuy&#234;n m&#244;n, gia nh&#7853;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng lo&#7841;t, t&#7841;o ra c&#7843; c&#417; h&#7897;i (cho c&#225;c h&#227;ng &#273;ang tuy&#7875;n d&#7909;ng) v&#224; th&#225;ch th&#7913;c (cho b&#7843;n th&#226;n ng&#432;&#7901;i lao &#273;&#7897;ng trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i).</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>PH&#194;N T&#205;CH T&#7914; G&#211;C NH&#204;N T&#7888;I &#431;U V&#7852;N H&#192;NH </strong></h3><p>Khi nh&#236;n l&#7841;i to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh c&#7911;a Spirit Airlines, ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y m&#7897;t h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#225; s&#7843;n, m&#224; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y m&#7897;t <strong>h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> &#273;&#227; tr&#7843;i qua qu&#225; tr&#236;nh <strong>suy gi&#7843;m n&#259;ng l&#7921;c</strong> (<strong>process capability degradation</strong>) trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c khi s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;. S&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; l&#224; &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7875;u c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u t&#7915; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. </p><p><strong>S&#7921; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n gi&#7919;a &#8220;hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&#7853;n h&#224;nh&#8221;.</strong></p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; sai l&#7847;m nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t trong th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n qu&#7843;n l&#253; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, v&#224; Spirit Airlines l&#224; minh ch&#7913;ng r&#245; r&#224;ng nh&#7845;t. Trong t&#432; duy t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, c&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t c&#259;n b&#7843;n gi&#7919;a hai kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m m&#224; nhi&#7873;u t&#7893; ch&#7913;c th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#225;nh &#273;&#7891;ng. <strong>Hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (<strong>operational efficiency</strong>) tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i: &#8220;T&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#243; &#273;ang t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u h&#243;a l&#227;ng ph&#237; trong c&#225;c quy tr&#236;nh hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i hay kh&#244;ng?&#8221; C&#242;n <strong>s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (<strong>operational health</strong>) tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i: &#8220;H&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng duy tr&#236; hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c qua nhi&#7873;u chu k&#7923; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng hay kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</p><p>Spirit Airlines &#273;&#7841;t &#273;i&#7875;m s&#7889; r&#7845;t cao v&#7873; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh. &#272;&#7897;i bay &#273;&#7891;ng nh&#7845;t, CASM th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t ng&#224;nh, turnaround time t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u, m&#7853;t &#273;&#7897; gh&#7871; t&#7889;i &#273;a, m&#7885;i quy tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tinh g&#7885;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n g&#236; &#273;&#7875; c&#7855;t. Nh&#432;ng s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c. S&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u nh&#432; <strong>h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch</strong> c&#7911;a m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. M&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7841;y r&#7845;t nhanh (hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; cao) nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch suy y&#7871;u, m&#7897;t c&#417;n c&#7843;m th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n bi&#7871;n ch&#7913;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng. Spirit ch&#7841;y nhanh h&#417;n b&#7845;t k&#7923; h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng n&#224;o tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng, nh&#432;ng h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a h&#227;ng, t&#7913;c kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7889;ng ch&#7883;u v&#224; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#225;c c&#250; s&#7889;c, &#273;&#227; b&#7883; suy gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c nguy hi&#7875;m.</p><p>Khi &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c, c&#7847;n nh&#236;n v&#224;o <strong>n&#259;m ch&#7881; b&#225;o d&#7851;n d&#7855;t</strong> (<strong>leading indicators</strong>), nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u cho bi&#7871;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng <strong>s&#7869;</strong> g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#7921;c s&#7921; x&#7843;y ra, kh&#225;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c <strong>ch&#7881; b&#225;o tr&#7877;</strong> (<strong>lagging indicators</strong>) nh&#432; l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n, doanh thu, hay t&#7927; l&#7879; &#273;&#250;ng gi&#7901;, v&#7889;n ch&#7881; cho bi&#7871;t chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#227; x&#7843;y ra r&#7891;i. N&#259;m ch&#7881; b&#225;o &#273;&#243; bao g&#7891;m: <strong>bi&#234;n d&#7921; ph&#242;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c</strong> (bao nhi&#234;u ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m c&#244;ng su&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; m&#7845;t &#273;i tr&#432;&#7899;c khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng), <strong>t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; th&#237;ch &#7913;ng chi ph&#237;</strong> (khi doanh thu gi&#7843;m 10%, chi ph&#237; c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m bao nhanh v&#224; bao nhi&#234;u), <strong>m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;a d&#7841;ng h&#243;a ngu&#7891;n r&#7911;i ro</strong> (c&#243; bao nhi&#234;u bi&#7871;n s&#7889; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y ra s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;), <strong>&#273;&#7897; s&#226;u c&#7911;a v&#249;ng &#273;&#7879;m t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</strong> (bao nhi&#234;u th&#225;ng t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i &#7903; m&#7913;c doanh thu b&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng), v&#224; <strong>n&#259;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p t&#7893; ch&#7913;c</strong> (t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i quy tr&#236;nh nhanh &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o khi nh&#7853;n ra v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;). N&#7871;u &#225;p d&#7909;ng n&#259;m ch&#7881; b&#225;o n&#224;y cho Spirit v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m 2023, tr&#432;&#7899;c khi b&#7845;t k&#7923; c&#250; s&#7889;c l&#7899;n n&#224;o x&#7843;y ra, k&#7871;t qu&#7843; s&#7869; l&#224; m&#7913;c c&#7843;nh b&#225;o &#273;&#7887; tr&#234;n h&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i ch&#7881; b&#225;o.</p><p><strong>B&#7851;y t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a c&#7909;c b&#7897; v&#224; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#8220;sub-optimization&#8221;.</strong></p><p>Trong t&#432; duy h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, c&#243; m&#7897;t nguy&#234;n l&#253; m&#224; <strong>Dr. W. Edwards Deming</strong> &#273;&#227; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n trong <strong>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng Tri th&#7913;c S&#226;u r&#7897;ng</strong> (<strong>System of Profound Knowledge</strong>) c&#7911;a &#244;ng: <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n ri&#234;ng l&#7867; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#244;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong>, v&#224; trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, c&#242;n l&#224;m cho to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n. &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng <strong>sub-optimization</strong>.</p><p>Spirit Airlines t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c t&#7915;ng th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n ri&#234;ng l&#7867;: chi ph&#237; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u tr&#234;n m&#7895;i ASM &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u h&#243;a b&#7857;ng &#273;&#7897;i bay m&#7899;i v&#224; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, chi ph&#237; nh&#226;n c&#244;ng tr&#234;n m&#7895;i ASM &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7875;m so&#225;t b&#7857;ng n&#259;ng su&#7845;t lao &#273;&#7897;ng cao, chi ph&#237; ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;m b&#7857;ng b&#225;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p, chi ph&#237; s&#226;n bay &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;m b&#7857;ng turnaround time ng&#7855;n. Nh&#432;ng khi nh&#236;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7893;ng th&#7875;, s&#7921; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng <strong>c&#7913;ng nh&#7855;c</strong> (<strong>rigid</strong>), thi&#7871;u kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh. M&#7895;i b&#7897; ph&#7853;n &#273;&#227; ch&#7841;y &#7903; <strong>gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n t&#7889;i &#273;a c&#7911;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871;</strong>, kh&#244;ng c&#242;n d&#432; &#273;&#7883;a &#273;&#7875; b&#249; tr&#7915; khi m&#7897;t b&#7897; ph&#7853;n kh&#225;c g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;.</p><p>H&#236;nh &#7843;nh d&#7877; h&#236;nh dung nh&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c xe &#273;ua &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u ch&#7881;nh &#273;&#7875; ch&#7841;y nhanh nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ua c&#7909; th&#7875;, v&#7899;i &#225;p su&#7845;t l&#7889;p, t&#7927; s&#7889; truy&#7873;n, g&#243;c c&#225;nh gi&#243;, l&#432;&#7907;ng nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7889;i &#432;u cho ch&#237;nh x&#225;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ua &#273;&#243;, &#7903; nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; kh&#244;ng kh&#237; &#273;&#243;, &#7903; &#273;&#7897; &#7849;m &#273;&#243;. Chi&#7871;c xe s&#7869; ch&#7841;y nhanh h&#417;n m&#7885;i &#273;&#7889;i th&#7911; tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ua &#273;&#243;. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u tr&#7901;i &#273;&#7893; m&#432;a, ho&#7863;c &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ua thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#7897;t &#273;o&#7841;n cua, ho&#7863;c nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; thay &#273;&#7893;i 10 &#273;&#7897;, chi&#7871;c xe t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a c&#7921;c &#273;oan &#273;&#243; s&#7869; m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7841;nh tranh nhanh h&#417;n m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c xe &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u ch&#7881;nh &#7903; m&#7913;c &#8220;&#273;&#7911; t&#7889;t&#8221; cho nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n. &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; m&#224; Spirit g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i: h&#227;ng l&#224; <strong>chi&#7871;c xe &#273;ua nhanh nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;</strong>, nh&#432;ng tr&#7901;i &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7893; m&#432;a t&#7915; n&#259;m 2019 v&#224; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng m&#432;a l&#7899;n h&#417;n.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng theo &#8220;nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t&#8221;: c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u t&#7915; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a <strong>Master Black Belt</strong> l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a <strong>bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung</strong> (<strong>common cause variation</strong>) v&#224; <strong>bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t</strong> (<strong>special cause variation</strong>) trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh. Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung l&#224; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7889;n c&#243; c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, n&#7857;m trong gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t, v&#224; ch&#7881; c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng do m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#7909; th&#7875;, c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng, g&#226;y ra v&#224; n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>&#193;p d&#7909;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c n&#224;y v&#224;o Spirit Airlines, hai lo&#7841;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i tr&#7903; n&#234;n r&#245; r&#224;ng. <strong>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung</strong> bao g&#7891;m s&#7921; ph&#226;n k&#7923; d&#7847;n d&#7847;n CASM/RASM, s&#7921; x&#243;i m&#242;n d&#7847;n d&#7847;n l&#7907;i th&#7871; c&#7841;nh tranh khi legacy carriers tri&#7875;n khai Basic Economy, s&#7921; t&#259;ng d&#7847;n chi ph&#237; lao &#273;&#7897;ng to&#224;n ng&#224;nh, v&#224; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i d&#7847;n d&#7847;n h&#224;nh vi ti&#234;u d&#249;ng h&#7853;u &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch khi h&#224;nh kh&#225;ch b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; cao h&#417;n s&#7921; tin c&#7853;y v&#224; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng xu h&#432;&#7899;ng <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</strong>, kh&#244;ng do m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#7909; th&#7875; n&#224;o g&#226;y ra m&#224; l&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a s&#7921; ti&#7871;n h&#243;a t&#7921; nhi&#234;n c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. &#272;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i ph&#243; v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung, c&#7847;n <strong>thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong>, t&#7913;c thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh, t&#225;i thi&#7871;t k&#7871; chu&#7895;i gi&#225; tr&#7883;, ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; l&#7841;i th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;u.</p><p><strong>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t</strong> bao g&#7891;m s&#7921; c&#7889; &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; P&amp;W GTF, th&#432;&#417;ng v&#7909; s&#225;p nh&#7853;p JetBlue b&#7883; ch&#7863;n, v&#224; cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#7909; th&#7875;, c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng, v&#224; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng r&#245; r&#224;ng. &#272;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i ph&#243; v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, c&#7847;n <strong>c&#244; l&#7853;p v&#224; x&#7917; l&#253; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n g&#7889;c r&#7877;</strong> c&#7909; th&#7875;.</p><p>Sai l&#7847;m chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t m&#224; Deming g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>&#8220;tampering&#8221;</strong> (can thi&#7879;p sai) l&#224; khi t&#7893; ch&#7913;c <strong>ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung b&#7857;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng x&#7917; l&#253; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t</strong>, ho&#7863;c ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p Spirit, l&#7847;n t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c Ch&#432;&#417;ng 11 &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch theo khung n&#224;y: h&#227;ng x&#7917; l&#253; h&#7853;u qu&#7843; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh (m&#7897;t tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng) b&#7857;ng t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i k&#7871; to&#225;n (h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7889;i ph&#243; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t), trong khi v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh (nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chung) &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng to&#224;n di&#7879;n.</p><p><strong>T&#432; duy d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y gi&#225; tr&#7883; (Value Stream Thinking) v&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; trong m&#7855;t kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng.</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng khi ph&#226;n t&#237;ch b&#7845;t k&#7923; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh n&#224;o l&#224;: <strong>&#8220;Gi&#225; tr&#7883; trong m&#7855;t kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng c&#243; &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i, v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; thay &#273;&#7893;i theo hay kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</strong> Spirit Airlines &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a gi&#225; tr&#7883; cho kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng l&#224; <strong>gi&#225; v&#233; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875;</strong>, v&#224; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng to&#224;n b&#7897; chu&#7895;i gi&#225; tr&#7883; xung quanh &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a &#273;&#243;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y ho&#224;n to&#224;n h&#7907;p l&#253; v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a v&#7873; &#8220;gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; trong m&#7855;t kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; h&#7857;ng s&#7889;. Sau &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch Covid 19, h&#224;nh vi ti&#234;u d&#249;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923; &#273;&#227; c&#243; nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;. Kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u c&#226;n nh&#7855;c <strong>t&#7893;ng chi ph&#237; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m</strong> (<strong>total cost of experience</strong>) ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; gi&#225; v&#233;. T&#7893;ng chi ph&#237; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m bao g&#7891;m: gi&#225; v&#233; c&#417; b&#7843;n c&#7897;ng v&#7899;i ph&#237; h&#224;nh l&#253;, ph&#237; ch&#7885;n gh&#7871;, ph&#237; &#273;&#7891; &#259;n, c&#7897;ng v&#7899;i <strong>chi ph&#237; r&#7911;i ro</strong> (x&#225;c su&#7845;t b&#7883; h&#7911;y chuy&#7871;n, tr&#7877; chuy&#7871;n, m&#7845;t h&#224;nh l&#253;, ph&#7843;i t&#7921; xoay x&#7903; khi gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n), c&#7897;ng v&#7899;i <strong>chi ph&#237; c&#417; h&#7897;i</strong> (kh&#244;ng t&#237;ch l&#361;y d&#7863;m bay, kh&#244;ng c&#243; quy&#7873;n l&#7907;i th&#224;nh vi&#234;n, kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; &#273;&#7893;i v&#233; linh ho&#7841;t). Khi legacy carriers b&#225;n v&#233; Basic Economy v&#7899;i gi&#225; ch&#7881; cao h&#417;n 15 &#273;&#7871;n 25 &#273;&#244; la so v&#7899;i Spirit nh&#432;ng &#273;i k&#232;m m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i k&#7871;t n&#7889;i r&#7897;ng, ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh d&#7863;m bay, v&#224; h&#7895; tr&#7907; khi gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n, <strong>t&#7893;ng chi ph&#237; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m</strong> tr&#234;n h&#227;ng truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng th&#7921;c ra <strong>th&#7845;p h&#417;n</strong> Spirit trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, d&#249; gi&#225; v&#233; danh ngh&#297;a cao h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y mang &#253; ngh&#297;a v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;u s&#7855;c. Khi kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a gi&#225; tr&#7883;, nh&#432;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7889;i &#432;u theo &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#361;, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#243; &#273;ang s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t ra th&#7913; m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng <strong>ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#237;t s&#7861;n s&#224;ng tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n</strong>, b&#7845;t k&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u. S&#7843;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; m&#7897;t th&#7913; m&#224; kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n mu&#7889;n mua l&#224; h&#236;nh th&#7913;c l&#227;ng ph&#237; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong t&#432; duy v&#7853;n h&#224;nh tinh g&#7885;n, &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; <strong>l&#227;ng ph&#237; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t th&#7915;a</strong> (<strong>overproduction waste</strong>) &#7903; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u v&#224; kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m &#8220;single point of failure&#8221; &#7903; t&#7847;m h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</strong></p><p>Khi ph&#226;n t&#237;ch s&#7921; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c c&#7911;a Spirit v&#224;o &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; Pratt &amp; Whitney GTF, nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i nh&#236;n th&#7845;y &#273;&#243; l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; <strong>nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p</strong> &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n. Nh&#432;ng t&#7915; g&#243;c nh&#236;n Master Black Belt, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; s&#226;u h&#417;n: Spirit c&#243; qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m h&#7887;ng &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;</strong> (<strong>single points of failure</strong>) trong to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</p><p>Danh s&#225;ch c&#225;c &#273;i&#7875;m h&#7887;ng &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; bao g&#7891;m: <strong>m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417;</strong> duy nh&#7845;t (PW1100G JM), <strong>m&#7897;t nh&#224; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t t&#224;u bay</strong> duy nh&#7845;t (Airbus), <strong>m&#7897;t m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh</strong> duy nh&#7845;t (ULCC thu&#7847;n t&#250;y), <strong>m&#7897;t ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng</strong> ch&#237;nh (nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m gi&#225; cao), <strong>m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n l&#7907;i th&#7871; c&#7841;nh tranh</strong> ch&#237;nh (gi&#225; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t), <strong>m&#7897;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7883;a l&#253;</strong> ch&#237;nh (n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a Hoa K&#7923; v&#224; Caribbean). M&#7895;i &#8220;m&#7897;t&#8221; trong chu&#7895;i n&#224;y l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m h&#7887;ng &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;. Trong thi&#7871;t k&#7871; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng tin c&#7853;y (<strong>reliability engineering</strong>), nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c c&#417; b&#7843;n l&#224;: <strong>&#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y t&#7893;ng th&#7875; c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#7889;i ti&#7871;p b&#7857;ng t&#237;ch s&#7889; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n</strong>. V&#7899;i s&#225;u th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n n&#7889;i ti&#7871;p, m&#7895;i th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n c&#243; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y 90% (ngh&#297;a l&#224; 90% x&#225;c su&#7845;t ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng trong m&#7897;t chu k&#7923;), &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y t&#7893;ng th&#7875; c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#224; 0,9 m&#361; 6, t&#7913;c kho&#7843;ng 53%. Ngh&#297;a l&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; g&#7847;n <strong>m&#7897;t n&#7917;a x&#225;c su&#7845;t</strong> g&#7863;p &#237;t nh&#7845;t m&#7897;t s&#7921; c&#7889; trong m&#7895;i chu k&#7923;. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i to&#225;n h&#7885;c tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#224; l&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; m&#224; Spirit &#273;&#227; tr&#7843;i qua khi nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7875;m h&#7887;ng &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i ph&#225;t sinh v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;.</p><p><strong>V&#242;ng l&#7863;p ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i d&#432;&#417;ng theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#234;u c&#7921;c v&#224; s&#7921; &#8220;t&#259;ng t&#7889;c suy gi&#7843;m&#8221;.</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng trong s&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; c&#7911;a Spirit c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n l&#224; s&#7921; h&#236;nh th&#224;nh c&#225;c <strong>v&#242;ng l&#7863;p ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i d&#432;&#417;ng</strong> (<strong>positive feedback loops</strong>) theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#234;u c&#7921;c, t&#7913;c l&#224; <strong>m&#7895;i v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224;m cho c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#225;c tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n</strong>, t&#7841;o ra hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng t&#259;ng t&#7889;c suy gi&#7843;m.</p><p>Chu&#7895;i t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7909; th&#7875;: s&#7921; c&#7889; GTF &#8594; gi&#7843;m c&#244;ng su&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;i bay &#8594; gi&#7843;m s&#7889; chuy&#7871;n bay &#8594; gi&#7843;m doanh thu &#8594; c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m chi ph&#237; &#8594; gi&#7843;m ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7883;ch v&#7909; &#8594; gi&#7843;m h&#7879; s&#7889; t&#7843;i (load factor) &#8594; gi&#7843;m doanh thu th&#234;m &#8594; kh&#243; thu h&#250;t v&#7889;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#8594; kh&#244;ng c&#243; ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a r&#7911;i ro nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u &#8594; d&#7877; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng h&#417;n tr&#432;&#7899;c bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u &#8594; khi gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u t&#259;ng, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng n&#7863;ng h&#417;n &#8594; l&#7895; s&#226;u h&#417;n &#8594; m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng thanh to&#225;n. V&#242;ng l&#7863;p n&#224;y, m&#7897;t khi &#273;&#227; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7897;ng, r&#7845;t kh&#243; &#273;&#7875; ph&#225; v&#7905; v&#236; m&#7895;i n&#7895; l&#7921;c gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#7841;i b&#7883; c&#7843;n tr&#7903; b&#7903;i c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#225;c trong v&#242;ng l&#7863;p.</p><p>Trong t&#432; duy h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, c&#225;ch duy nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; ph&#225; v&#7905; v&#242;ng l&#7863;p ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i d&#432;&#417;ng theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#234;u c&#7921;c l&#224; <strong>can thi&#7879;p v&#224;o &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y</strong> (<strong>leverage point</strong>) c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, t&#7913;c l&#224; t&#236;m ra &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; t&#7841;i &#273;&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#7887; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t l&#234;n to&#224;n b&#7897; v&#242;ng l&#7863;p. &#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i Spirit, &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y c&#243; l&#7869; n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh</strong> (chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; ULCC thu&#7847;n t&#250;y sang m&#244; h&#236;nh lai v&#7899;i ph&#226;n kh&#250;c kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng &#273;a d&#7841;ng h&#417;n), nh&#432;ng vi&#7879;c thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#244; h&#236;nh kinh doanh khi &#273;ang &#7903; trong v&#242;ng xo&#225;y suy gi&#7843;m &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c m&#224; h&#227;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng m&#224; trong th&#7921;c t&#7871; t&#432; v&#7845;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>&#8220;c&#7917;a s&#7893; can thi&#7879;p &#273;&#227; &#273;&#243;ng&#8221;</strong> (<strong>closed intervention window</strong>): th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#237;ch c&#7921;c &#273;&#227; tr&#244;i qua, v&#224; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c gi&#7901; ch&#7881; c&#242;n c&#225;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n &#237;t x&#7845;u h&#417;n ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n t&#7889;t.</p><p><strong>B&#224;i to&#225;n &#8220;doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;i &#432;u cho ng&#224;y h&#244;m qua&#8221;.</strong></p><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m h&#7919;u &#237;ch khi ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;ang g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n: <strong>&#8220;doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;i &#432;u cho ng&#224;y h&#244;m qua&#8221;</strong> (<strong>yesterday&#8217;s optimized enterprise</strong>). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng m&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#227; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh ho&#224;n h&#7843;o cho m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng kinh doanh kh&#244;ng c&#242;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i. M&#7885;i quy tr&#236;nh, m&#7885;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c, m&#7885;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; cho m&#7897;t th&#7921;c t&#7871; &#273;&#227; qua, v&#224; chi ph&#237; c&#417; h&#7897;i c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c duy tr&#236; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#361; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n l&#7907;i &#237;ch m&#224; n&#243; mang l&#7841;i.</p><p>Spirit Airlines l&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;i &#432;u cho giai &#273;o&#7841;n 2007 &#273;&#7871;n 2019, khi gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh, khi ch&#432;a c&#243; Basic Economy t&#7915; legacy carriers, khi h&#224;nh kh&#225;ch M&#7929; &#273;ang trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i sang t&#432; duy &#8220;tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n cho nh&#7919;ng g&#236; b&#7841;n c&#7847;n&#8221;, v&#224; khi s&#7921; c&#7841;nh tranh trong ph&#226;n kh&#250;c ULCC c&#242;n &#237;t. &#272;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2023, m&#7895;i &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n trong s&#7889; &#273;&#243; &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i, nh&#432;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; cho b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#361;.</p><p>B&#224;i h&#7885;c s&#226;u xa &#7903; &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; Spirit &#273;&#227; sai khi x&#226;y d&#7921;ng m&#244; h&#236;nh ULCC. M&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#243; ho&#224;n to&#224;n &#273;&#250;ng cho th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m v&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7911;a n&#243;. B&#224;i h&#7885;c l&#224;: <strong>b&#7845;t k&#7923; m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh n&#224;o c&#361;ng c&#243; &#8220;tu&#7893;i th&#7885; thi&#7871;t k&#7871;&#8221;</strong> (<strong>design life</strong>), gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; c&#7847;u &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng, m&#225;y m&#243;c, hay b&#7845;t k&#7923; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t n&#224;o. Khi tu&#7893;i th&#7885; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; h&#7871;t h&#7841;n, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#7883; h&#7887;ng, m&#224; v&#236; c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n m&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7875; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7911; nhi&#7873;u, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <strong>thi&#7871;t k&#7871; l&#7841;i</strong> ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; <strong>b&#7843;o tr&#236;</strong> hay <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a th&#234;m</strong>. Ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a m&#7897;t m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#227; h&#7871;t tu&#7893;i th&#7885; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; b&#7843;o d&#432;&#7905;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c m&#225;y &#273;&#225;nh ch&#7919; trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i m&#225;y t&#237;nh: chi&#7871;c m&#225;y &#273;&#225;nh ch&#7919; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7841;y t&#7889;t h&#417;n bao gi&#7901; h&#7871;t, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng ai c&#242;n c&#7847;n n&#243; n&#7919;a.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><h3><strong>NH&#7918;NG SUY NG&#7850;M V&#7872; THI&#7870;T K&#7870; H&#7878; TH&#7888;NG V&#7852;N H&#192;NH TRONG M&#212;I TR&#431;&#7900;NG BI&#7870;N &#272;&#7896;NG</strong></h3><p>T&#7915; nh&#7919;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch tr&#234;n, b&#7843;y suy ng&#7851;m sau &#273;&#226;y d&#224;nh cho b&#7845;t k&#7923; nh&#224; l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o v&#7853;n h&#224;nh n&#224;o &#273;ang &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh t&#7893; ch&#7913;c trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng cao. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; l&#253; thuy&#7871;t, m&#224; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c r&#250;t ra t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p Spirit Airlines, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh r&#7897;ng h&#417;n c&#7911;a th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; nh&#7845;t: &#272;o l&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221; thay v&#236; ch&#7881; &#273;o hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</strong></p><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c <strong>b&#7843;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (<strong>operational dashboards</strong>) trong c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#7873;u t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i: doanh thu h&#244;m nay, chi ph&#237; th&#225;ng n&#224;y, l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n qu&#253; n&#224;y. R&#7845;t &#237;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; theo d&#245;i <strong>kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch t&#7915; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y</strong> (<strong>distance to failure</strong>). &#272;i&#7875;m g&#227;y l&#224; ng&#432;&#7905;ng m&#224; t&#7841;i &#273;&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i: &#8220;Gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng th&#234;m bao nhi&#234;u ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c khi bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n sang &#226;m?&#8221;, &#8220;Bao nhi&#234;u ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m &#273;&#7897;i bay c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c khi m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i bay b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;?&#8221;, &#8220;Bao nhi&#234;u th&#225;ng t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7883;u l&#7895; li&#234;n t&#7909;c tr&#432;&#7899;c khi c&#7841;n ki&#7879;t thanh kho&#7843;n?&#8221; N&#7871;u Spirit &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; b&#225;o c&#225;o th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y cho c&#225;c bi&#7871;n s&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng, ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o s&#7869; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#243; &#273;ang co l&#7841;i m&#7895;i qu&#253;, t&#7915; &#273;&#243; c&#243; &#225;p l&#7921;c h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7899;m h&#417;n, khi <strong>c&#7917;a s&#7893; can thi&#7879;p</strong> c&#242;n m&#7903;.</p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; hai: X&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#8220;kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh&#8221; nh&#432; m&#7897;t n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i.</strong></p><p>H&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i xung quanh vi&#7879;c <strong>v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> m&#244; h&#236;nh hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i (l&#224;m t&#7889;t h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang l&#224;m). R&#7845;t &#237;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i xung quanh vi&#7879;c <strong>chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i</strong> m&#244; h&#236;nh (chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; c&#225;ch l&#224;m n&#224;y sang c&#225;ch l&#224;m kh&#225;c). Kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m <strong>&#8220;kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh&#8221;</strong> (<strong>operational switchability</strong>) &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c di chuy&#7875;n gi&#7919;a c&#225;c <strong>ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (<strong>operating modes</strong>) kh&#225;c nhau t&#249;y theo &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Trong ng&#224;nh h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;&#225;ng h&#7885;c h&#7887;i l&#224; <strong>Ryanair</strong> t&#7841;i ch&#226;u &#194;u, c&#361;ng l&#224; h&#227;ng ULCC nh&#432;ng &#273;&#227; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i t&#7889;t h&#417;n Spirit. Ryanair duy tr&#236; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh <strong>hedge nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u</strong> ph&#7911; t&#7899;i 80% nhu c&#7847;u trong 12 th&#225;ng t&#7899;i, cho ph&#233;p h&#227;ng chuy&#7875;n gi&#7919;a ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#8220;gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u th&#7845;p&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u cao&#8221; m&#224; kh&#244;ng b&#7883; s&#7889;c. Ryanair c&#361;ng duy tr&#236; <strong>t&#7927; l&#7879; n&#7907; tr&#234;n v&#7889;n ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u</strong> th&#7845;p, t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#7879;m t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; s&#7889;c. V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t, Ryanair v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7903; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#226;u &#194;u n&#417;i m&#7913;c c&#7841;nh tranh ULCC kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t so v&#7899;i Hoa K&#7923;, cho th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng c&#249;ng m&#7897;t m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh nh&#432;ng <strong>b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i</strong> (<strong>ecosystem context</strong>) kh&#225;c nhau s&#7869; cho k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#225;c nhau.</p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; ba: Ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a &#8220;ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m t&#7841;o gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m vay m&#432;&#7907;n t&#7915; t&#432;&#417;ng lai&#8221;.</strong></p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7885;i s&#7921; ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m chi ph&#237; &#273;&#7873;u t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng nhau. Trong t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, c&#243; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t c&#259;n b&#7843;n gi&#7919;a <strong>ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m t&#7841;o gi&#225; tr&#7883;</strong> (lo&#7841;i b&#7887; l&#227;ng ph&#237; th&#7921;c s&#7921;, c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n quy tr&#236;nh, n&#226;ng cao n&#259;ng su&#7845;t) v&#224; <strong>ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m vay m&#432;&#7907;n t&#7915; t&#432;&#417;ng lai</strong> (tr&#236; ho&#227;n b&#7843;o d&#432;&#7905;ng, gi&#7843;m &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o, c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m d&#7921; ph&#242;ng, kh&#244;ng hedge nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u). Lo&#7841;i ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m th&#7913; nh&#7845;t l&#224;m cho t&#7893; ch&#7913;c m&#7841;nh h&#417;n theo th&#7901;i gian. Lo&#7841;i th&#7913; hai l&#224;m cho t&#7893; ch&#7913;c <strong>c&#243; v&#7867;</strong> m&#7841;nh h&#417;n ngay b&#226;y gi&#7901; nh&#432;ng t&#237;ch l&#361;y <strong>&#8220;n&#7907; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh&#8221;</strong> (<strong>operational debt</strong>), t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m <strong>&#8220;n&#7907; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t&#8221;</strong> (<strong>technical debt</strong>) trong ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m, t&#7913;c l&#224; nh&#7919;ng chi ph&#237; &#7849;n s&#7869; ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai, th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7899;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i kho&#7843;n ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m ban &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p>Khi Spirit Airlines kh&#244;ng x&#226;y d&#7921;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh fuel hedging &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m chi ph&#237; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c (kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; ph&#237; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng ph&#225;i sinh) nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i l&#224; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n vay m&#432;&#7907;n t&#7915; t&#432;&#417;ng lai (ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n r&#7911;i ro to&#224;n b&#7897; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#225; nhi&#234;n li&#7879;u). Khi t&#432;&#417;ng lai &#273;&#7871;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Hormuz, kho&#7843;n n&#7907; &#273;&#243; &#273;&#227; <strong>&#8220;&#273;&#225;o h&#7841;n&#8221;</strong> v&#7899;i <strong>&#8220;l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221;</strong> c&#7921;c k&#7923; cao.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; t&#432;: T&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh kh&#244;ng thay th&#7871; t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</strong></p><p>B&#224;i h&#7885;c n&#224;y c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh v&#236; n&#243; qu&#225; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n. Trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, <strong>ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c cu&#7897;c t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</strong> t&#7853;p trung qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u v&#224;o kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh t&#224;i ch&#237;nh v&#224; qu&#225; &#237;t v&#224;o kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh. L&#253; do r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#243; <strong>k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ngay</strong> (gi&#7843;m X t&#7927; n&#7907;, ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m Y tri&#7879;u l&#227;i su&#7845;t m&#7895;i n&#259;m), trong khi t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#243; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; <strong>tr&#7843;i d&#224;i theo th&#7901;i gian</strong> v&#224; kh&#243; &#273;&#7883;nh l&#432;&#7907;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c. D&#432;&#7899;i &#225;p l&#7921;c c&#7911;a t&#242;a &#225;n ph&#225; s&#7843;n, ch&#7911; n&#7907;, v&#224; th&#7901;i gian, c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c t&#7921; nhi&#234;n nghi&#234;ng v&#7873; gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p cho k&#7871;t qu&#7843; nhanh. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; g&#7889;c r&#7877; n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, th&#236; t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; <strong>gi&#7843;m &#273;au</strong> m&#224; kh&#244;ng <strong>ch&#7919;a b&#7879;nh</strong>: b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y t&#7889;t h&#417;n t&#7841;m th&#7901;i, nh&#432;ng b&#7879;nh v&#7851;n ti&#7871;n tri&#7875;n.</p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; n&#259;m: &#8220;N&#259;ng l&#7921;c ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i&#8221; l&#224; kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i chi ph&#237;.</strong></p><p>Khi t&#7893; ch&#7913;c duy tr&#236; c&#244;ng su&#7845;t d&#7921; ph&#242;ng, &#273;a d&#7841;ng h&#243;a nh&#224; cung c&#7845;p, x&#226;y d&#7921;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh hedge, ho&#7863;c gi&#7919; ti&#7873;n m&#7863;t cao h&#417;n m&#7913;c c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t cho ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#224;y, nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n l&#224; &#8220;chi ph&#237;&#8221; v&#236; ch&#250;ng <strong>kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra gi&#225; tr&#7883; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p</strong> trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh. N&#259;ng l&#7921;c ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng <strong>b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> (<strong>operational insurance</strong>), v&#224; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m, gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#243; ch&#7881; b&#7897;c l&#7897; khi s&#7921; ki&#7879;n b&#7845;t l&#7907;i x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>C&#225;ch &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i l&#224; <strong>t&#237;nh tr&#234;n to&#224;n b&#7897; chu k&#7923;</strong>, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#7881; t&#237;nh trong m&#7897;t n&#259;m b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng duy nh&#7845;t. N&#7871;u chi ph&#237; duy tr&#236; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i l&#224; 2% doanh thu m&#7895;i n&#259;m trong 10 n&#259;m (t&#7893;ng 20% doanh thu), nh&#432;ng n&#243; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y t&#7893;n th&#7845;t 50% gi&#225; tr&#7883; doanh nghi&#7879;p, th&#236; &#273;&#243; l&#224; kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#243; <strong>t&#7927; su&#7845;t sinh l&#7907;i d&#432;&#417;ng r&#245; r&#224;ng</strong>. Spirit Airlines ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chi ph&#237; hedge, chi ph&#237; d&#7921; ph&#242;ng, chi ph&#237; &#273;a d&#7841;ng h&#243;a trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m, nh&#432;ng khi c&#250; s&#7889;c x&#7843;y ra, kho&#7843;n ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m t&#237;ch l&#361;y kh&#244;ng b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n nh&#7887; c&#7911;a t&#7893;n th&#7845;t.</p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; s&#225;u: V&#259;n h&#243;a &#8220;x&#7917; l&#253; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;&#8221; v&#224; v&#259;n h&#243;a &#8220;ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;&#8221;.</strong></p><p>C&#243; hai ki&#7875;u v&#259;n h&#243;a v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t. <strong>V&#259;n h&#243;a x&#7917; l&#253; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;</strong> (<strong>reactive culture</strong>) l&#224; khi t&#7893; ch&#7913;c gi&#7887;i trong vi&#7879;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng khi s&#7921; c&#7889; x&#7843;y ra: tri&#7879;u t&#7853;p &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361;, ph&#226;n t&#237;ch nhanh, &#273;&#432;a ra gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p, kh&#7855;c ph&#7909;c h&#7853;u qu&#7843;. <strong>V&#259;n h&#243;a ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;</strong> (<strong>preventive culture</strong>) l&#224; khi t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o vi&#7879;c nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n v&#224; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ch&#250;ng x&#7843;y ra: gi&#225;m s&#225;t li&#234;n t&#7909;c c&#225;c ch&#7881; b&#225;o d&#7851;n d&#7855;t, th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ph&#226;n t&#237;ch k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n &#273;&#7883;nh k&#7923;, x&#226;y d&#7921;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7843;nh b&#225;o s&#7899;m, v&#224; duy tr&#236; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch d&#7921; ph&#242;ng cho c&#225;c k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n b&#7845;t l&#7907;i. V&#259;n h&#243;a x&#7917; l&#253; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; tr&#244;ng r&#7845;t &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7915; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i v&#236; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7845;y &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; n&#7895; l&#7921;c anh h&#249;ng, gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ngo&#7841;n m&#7909;c. Nh&#432;ng v&#259;n h&#243;a ph&#242;ng ng&#7915;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, d&#249; &#237;t &#8220;k&#7883;ch t&#237;nh&#8221; h&#417;n, m&#7899;i l&#224; v&#259;n h&#243;a t&#7841;o ra t&#7893; ch&#7913;c b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng d&#224;i h&#7841;n. T&#7893; ch&#7913;c gi&#7887;i nh&#7845;t l&#224; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c m&#224; <strong>kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; c&#7847;n anh h&#249;ng</strong>, v&#236; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7875; x&#7917; l&#253; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n bi&#7871;n c&#7889; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; c&#243; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/goc-nhin-van-hanh-spirit-airlines?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Suy ng&#7851;m th&#7913; b&#7843;y: Con ng&#432;&#7901;i lu&#244;n &#7903; trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a m&#7885;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</strong></p><p>Suy ng&#7851;m cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, nh&#432;ng c&#243; l&#7869; l&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t. C&#226;u h&#7887;i th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n nh&#7845;t trong c&#225;c ph&#242;ng h&#7885;p v&#7873; t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#224;: &#8220;L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m th&#234;m chi ph&#237;?&#8221;, &#8220;L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng n&#259;ng su&#7845;t?&#8221;, &#8220;L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a quy tr&#236;nh?&#8221; R&#7845;t hi&#7871;m khi c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t ra l&#224;: &#8220;L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh ph&#7909;c v&#7909; t&#7889;t h&#417;n cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i li&#234;n quan, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n, kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng, c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng, v&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;?&#8221;</p><p><strong>17.000 con ng&#432;&#7901;i</strong> m&#7845;t vi&#7879;c l&#224;m t&#7915; s&#7921; ki&#7879;n Spirit Airlines kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; h&#7879; qu&#7843; ph&#7909;, &#273;&#243; l&#224; <strong>k&#7871;t qu&#7843; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p</strong> c&#7911;a c&#225;ch m&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871;. M&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a m&#7897;t ch&#7881; s&#7889; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh (CASM, bi&#234;n l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n, gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u) m&#224; b&#7887; qua t&#237;nh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c b&#234;n li&#234;n quan, s&#7869; t&#7841;o ra gi&#225; tr&#7883; ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n nh&#432;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#225; h&#7911;y gi&#225; tr&#7883; d&#224;i h&#7841;n &#7903; quy m&#244; l&#7899;n h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u. M&#7909;c ti&#234;u cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#7911;a t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; t&#7841;o ra t&#7893; ch&#7913;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875;, m&#224; l&#224; t&#7841;o ra t&#7893; ch&#7913;c <strong>v&#7915;a hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7915;a b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</strong>, n&#417;i m&#224; hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t kinh t&#7871; v&#224; tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m v&#7899;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; hai &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#225;n c&#226;n, m&#224; l&#224; <strong>hai tr&#7909; c&#7897;t c&#249;ng n&#226;ng &#273;&#7905; m&#7897;t m&#225;i nh&#224;</strong>.</p><p><em><strong>Tuy&#234;n b&#7889; mi&#7877;n tr&#7915; tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m:</strong> B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n v&#236; m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch <strong>ph&#226;n t&#237;ch h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#224; chia s&#7867; ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c chuy&#234;n m&#244;n</strong> trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c T&#7889;i &#432;u V&#7853;n h&#224;nh (<strong>Operational Excellence</strong>). To&#224;n b&#7897; n&#7897;i dung d&#7921;a tr&#234;n c&#225;c ngu&#7891;n th&#244;ng tin c&#244;ng khai bao g&#7891;m h&#7891; s&#417; <strong>SEC</strong>, b&#225;o c&#225;o t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, v&#224; c&#225;c h&#227;ng tin uy t&#237;n t&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m bi&#234;n so&#7841;n. T&#225;c gi&#7843; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c, h&#227;ng h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng, hay b&#234;n li&#234;n quan n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p trong b&#224;i. B&#224;i vi&#7871;t <strong>kh&#244;ng nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch</strong> ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch, quy k&#7871;t tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m, &#273;&#432;a ra l&#7901;i khuy&#234;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, t&#432; v&#7845;n ph&#225;p l&#253;, hay ph&#225;n x&#233;t b&#7845;t k&#7923; c&#225; nh&#226;n ho&#7863;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c n&#224;o. M&#7885;i ph&#226;n t&#237;ch, nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh, v&#224; suy ng&#7851;m th&#7875; hi&#7879;n <strong>g&#243;c nh&#236;n chuy&#234;n m&#244;n thu&#7847;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</strong> v&#224; mang t&#237;nh tham kh&#7843;o. C&#225;c s&#7889; li&#7879;u c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i khi c&#243; th&#244;ng tin c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t m&#7899;i h&#417;n. T&#225;c gi&#7843; ghi nh&#7853;n v&#224; t&#244;n tr&#7885;ng <strong>17.000 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n</strong> Spirit Airlines c&#249;ng gia &#273;&#236;nh c&#7911;a h&#7885; &#273;&#227; b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p b&#7903;i s&#7921; ki&#7879;n n&#224;y.</em></p><p><em>H&#236;nh &#7843;nh ch&#7881; mang t&#237;nh ch&#7845;t minh ho&#7841;.</em></p><p><strong>TS. Ng&#244; C&#244;ng Tr&#432;&#7901;ng | Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt | 40 under 40 chuy&#234;n gia Operational Excellence &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Hi&#7879;p h&#7897;i Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng Hoa K&#7923; (ASQ) vinh danh n&#259;m 2021 | S&#225;ng l&#7853;p &amp; Gi&#225;m &#273;&#7889;c Chuy&#234;n m&#244;n t&#7841;i John&amp;Partners: T&#432; v&#7845;n | Coaching | &#272;&#224;o t&#7841;o v&#7873; Operational Excellence.</strong></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share BizInsider: Business | AI | Franchise | Strategy | OE | Lean</span></a></p><p><strong>DANH S&#193;CH T&#192;I LI&#7878;U THAM KH&#7842;O</strong></p><ol><li><p>Spirit Airlines &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Wikipedia&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_Airlines">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_Airlines</a></p></li><li><p>CBS Detroit &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines traces its roots to Metro Detroit, where it launched as a charter service in 1983&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/spirit-airlines-origin-metro-detroit/">https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/spirit-airlines-origin-metro-detroit/</a></p></li><li><p>AeroXplorer &#8212; &#8220;The History of Spirit Airlines: From 1983 to Now&#8221;: <a href="https://aeroxplorer.com/articles/the-history-of-spirit-airlines-from-1983-to-now.php">https://aeroxplorer.com/articles/the-history-of-spirit-airlines-from-1983-to-now.php</a></p></li><li><p>FundingUniverse &#8212; &#8220;History of Spirit Airlines, Inc.&#8221;: <a href="https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/spirit-airlines-inc-history/">https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/spirit-airlines-inc-history/</a></p></li><li><p>Airways Magazine &#8212; &#8220;Ben Baldanza: The Spirit of ULCC Innovation in the US&#8221;: <a href="https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/ben-baldanza-spirit-ulcc-innovation-us">https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/ben-baldanza-spirit-ulcc-innovation-us</a></p></li><li><p>Mighty Travels &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; Evolution From Charter Flights to Ultra Low Cost Giant&#8221;: <a href="https://www.mightytravels.com/2024/08/spirit-airlines-evolution-from-charter-flights-to-ultra-low-cost-giant/">https://www.mightytravels.com/2024/08/spirit-airlines-evolution-from-charter-flights-to-ultra-low-cost-giant/</a></p></li><li><p>Visual Approach Analytics &#8212; &#8220;Spirit&#8217;s RASM/CASM chasm&#8221;: <a href="https://visualapproach.io/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm/">https://visualapproach.io/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm/</a></p></li><li><p>Visual Approach Analytics &#8212; &#8220;Spirit&#8217;s RASM/CASM chasm (newsletter)&#8221;: </p></li></ol><p>https://weekly.visualapproach.io/p/spirits-rasm-casm-chasm</p><ol><li><p>Santiago &amp; Company &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines and the Anatomy of an Optionality Failure&#8221;: <a href="https://www.santiagocompany.com/insights/spirit-airlines-and-the-anatomy-of-an-optionality-failure">https://www.santiagocompany.com/insights/spirit-airlines-and-the-anatomy-of-an-optionality-failure</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Reports $1.2 Billion Loss For 2024 With Plans For Recovery&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-1-billion-loss-2024-plans-recovery/">https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-1-billion-loss-2024-plans-recovery/</a></p></li><li><p>Aviation News Online &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; 2024 revenues down 8%, received $151 million in credits related to GTF engine issue&#8221;: <a href="https://aviationnews-online.com/public/article/spirit-airlines-full-year-revenues-down-8">https://aviationnews-online.com/public/article/spirit-airlines-full-year-revenues-down-8</a></p></li><li><p>FlightGlobal &#8212; &#8220;Engine issues and lease terminations among forces driving Spirit&#8217;s latest bankruptcy filing&#8221;: <a href="https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/engine-issues-and-lease-terminations-among-forces-driving-spirits-latest-bankruptcy-filing/164350.article">https://www.flightglobal.com/strategy/engine-issues-and-lease-terminations-among-forces-driving-spirits-latest-bankruptcy-filing/164350.article</a></p></li><li><p>Skift &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines to Receive up to $200 Million for Pratt &amp; Whitney Engine Problems&#8221;: <a href="https://skift.com/2024/03/29/spirit-airlines-to-receive-compensation-for-pratt-and-whitney-engine-issues/">https://skift.com/2024/03/29/spirit-airlines-to-receive-compensation-for-pratt-and-whitney-engine-issues/</a></p></li><li><p>Aviation A2Z &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Gets $150 Million Compensation Amid P&amp;W Engine Problems&#8221;: <a href="https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2025/03/04/spirit-airlines-gets-150-million-compensation-from-pw/">https://aviationa2z.com/index.php/2025/03/04/spirit-airlines-gets-150-million-compensation-from-pw/</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Backtracks On Plan To Furlough Up To 365 Pilots Next Quarter&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-backtracks-furlough-365-pilots/">https://simpleflying.com/spirit-airlines-backtracks-furlough-365-pilots/</a></p></li><li><p>Airways Magazine &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Halts Growth Plans, Downgrades, Furloughs Pilots&#8221;: <a href="https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/spirit-halts-growth-downgrades-furloughs-pilots">https://www.airwaysmag.com/new-post/spirit-halts-growth-downgrades-furloughs-pilots</a></p></li><li><p>Justice Department &#8212; &#8220;Justice Department Statements on JetBlue Terminating Acquisition of Spirit Airlines&#8221;: <a href="https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-department-statements-jetblue-terminating-acquisition-spirit-airlines">https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-department-statements-jetblue-terminating-acquisition-spirit-airlines</a></p></li><li><p>Holland &amp; Knight &#8212; &#8220;2025 Aviation Bankruptcy Update&#8221;: <a href="https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/2025-aviation-bankruptcy-update">https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/2025-aviation-bankruptcy-update</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for the second time in a year&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/29/spirit-airlines-chapter-11-bankruptcy.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/29/spirit-airlines-chapter-11-bankruptcy.html</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines files for bankruptcy for 2nd time in less than a year&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2025/08/30/nx-s1-5522901/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-filing">https://www.npr.org/2025/08/30/nx-s1-5522901/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-filing</a></p></li><li><p>Fortune &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines looked like it was in the clear of reemerging from bankruptcy, but rising fuel costs threaten its exit&#8221;: <a href="https://fortune.com/2026/04/20/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-exit-jet-fuel-liquidation/">https://fortune.com/2026/04/20/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-exit-jet-fuel-liquidation/</a></p></li><li><p>MMCGInvest &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines at the Cliff Edge: Assumption Brittleness and the Arithmetic of the April 2026 Plan&#8221;: <a href="https://www.mmcginvest.com/post/spirit-airlines-at-the-cliff-edge-assumption-brittleness-and-the-arithmetic-of-the-april-2026-plan">https://www.mmcginvest.com/post/spirit-airlines-at-the-cliff-edge-assumption-brittleness-and-the-arithmetic-of-the-april-2026-plan</a></p></li><li><p>Globe and Mail &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down after oil price spike derailed restructuring plan&#8221;: <a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/international-business/article-spirit-airlines-shuts-down-iran-war-oil-price-spike/">https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/international-business/article-spirit-airlines-shuts-down-iran-war-oil-price-spike/</a></p></li><li><p>Al Jazeera &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines begins &#8216;wind down&#8217;, cancels all flights over fuel crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/5/2/spirit-airlines-begins-wind-down-cancels-all-flights-over-fuel-crisis">https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/5/2/spirit-airlines-begins-wind-down-cancels-all-flights-over-fuel-crisis</a></p></li><li><p>CBC News &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down, blames cost of fuel due to Middle East war&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/spirit-airlines-ceasing-operations-9.7185446">https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/spirit-airlines-ceasing-operations-9.7185446</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shuts down after failing to reach a bailout deal, ending discount travel era&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/01/spirit-airlines-trump-bailout.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/01/spirit-airlines-trump-bailout.html</a></p></li><li><p>CNN &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines canceled all flights and is going out of business&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/02/business/spirit-to-halt-all-flights">https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/02/business/spirit-to-halt-all-flights</a></p></li><li><p>PBS News &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines goes out of business after 34 years, ceases operations immediately&#8221;: <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/spirit-airlines-goes-out-of-business-after-34-years-ceases-operations-immediately">https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/spirit-airlines-goes-out-of-business-after-34-years-ceases-operations-immediately</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines ceases operations after escalating financial struggles&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/05/02/nx-s1-5807933/spirit-airlines-ceases-operations-folds">https://www.npr.org/2026/05/02/nx-s1-5807933/spirit-airlines-ceases-operations-folds</a></p></li><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines&#8217; final hours: &#8216;Godspeed my friend&#8217; as terminals go dark&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-shutdown-inside-the-final-hours.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-shutdown-inside-the-final-hours.html</a></p></li><li><p>NPR &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines shutters after federal bailout falls through&#8221;: <a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/05/04/nx-s1-5808972/spirit-airlines-shutters-after-federal-bailout-falls-through">https://www.npr.org/2026/05/04/nx-s1-5808972/spirit-airlines-shutters-after-federal-bailout-falls-through</a></p></li><li><p>Fortune &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines is ending operations immediately and going out of business after 34 years&#8221;: <a href="https://fortune.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-going-out-of-business-flight-refunds-rebooking/">https://fortune.com/2026/05/02/spirit-airlines-bankruptcy-going-out-of-business-flight-refunds-rebooking/</a></p></li><li><p>SimpleFlying &#8212; &#8220;Why Low Cost Airlines Struggle To Compete With Basic Economy Fares&#8221;: <a href="https://simpleflying.com/low-cost-airlines-vs-legacy-carriers-basic-economy-analysis/">https://simpleflying.com/low-cost-airlines-vs-legacy-carriers-basic-economy-analysis/</a></p></li><li><p>NPR/KPBS &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines tried to be the Dollar General of the skies. Then the big airlines beat it at its own game&#8221;: <a href="https://www.kpbs.org/news/economy/2026/04/29/spirit-airlines-tried-to-be-the-dollar-general-of-the-skies-then-the-big-airlines-beat-it-at-its-own-game">https://www.kpbs.org/news/economy/2026/04/29/spirit-airlines-tried-to-be-the-dollar-general-of-the-skies-then-the-big-airlines-beat-it-at-its-own-game</a></p></li><li><p>Marketplace &#8212; &#8220;How ultra low cost carriers like Spirit lost customers to the major airlines&#8221;: <a href="https://www.marketplace.org/story/2026/04/30/how-ultra-lowcost-carriers-like-spirit-lost-customers-to-the-major-airlines">https://www.marketplace.org/story/2026/04/30/how-ultra-lowcost-carriers-like-spirit-lost-customers-to-the-major-airlines</a></p></li><li><p>The Points Guy &#8212; &#8220;JetBlue moves quickly to fill Spirit&#8217;s gap, adds 11 routes from Fort Lauderdale&#8221;: <a href="https://thepointsguy.com/news/jetblue-fort-lauderdale-11-new-routes-spirit-airlines/">https://thepointsguy.com/news/jetblue-fort-lauderdale-11-new-routes-spirit-airlines/</a></p></li><li><p>Wikipedia &#8212; &#8220;2026 Strait of Hormuz crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Strait_of_Hormuz_crisis">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Strait_of_Hormuz_crisis</a></p></li><li><p>Wikipedia &#8212; &#8220;2026 Iran war fuel crisis&#8221;: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Iran_war_fuel_crisis">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Iran_war_fuel_crisis</a></p></li><li><p>DDS Finance &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash&#8221;: </p></li></ol><div class="embedded-post-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;id&quot;:196239515,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.dds.finance/p/spirit-airlines-is-dead-how-a-5b&quot;,&quot;publication_id&quot;:3806101,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation &quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laWR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash, Failed Two Bankruptcies in 15 Months, and Got Killed by an Iran Fuel Shock&quot;,&quot;truncated_body_text&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-02T18:25:52.994Z&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;bylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:310892690,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;handle&quot;:&quot;stockdatamarket&quot;,&quot;previous_name&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab05a18c-6679-4881-a6d2-62ea9bd08d49_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Data-driven insights into economy and stock market &quot;,&quot;profile_set_up_at&quot;:&quot;2025-01-19T19:16:30.474Z&quot;,&quot;reader_installed_at&quot;:&quot;2025-10-25T07:01:59.616Z&quot;,&quot;publicationUsers&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:3880919,&quot;user_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;publication_id&quot;:3806101,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;public&quot;:true,&quot;is_primary&quot;:true,&quot;publication&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:3806101,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation &quot;,&quot;subdomain&quot;:&quot;ddstocks&quot;,&quot;custom_domain&quot;:&quot;www.dds.finance&quot;,&quot;custom_domain_optional&quot;:false,&quot;hero_text&quot;:&quot;Explore in-depth macroeconomic analysis, insights on major emerging companies, and sharp commentary on politics, inflation, and monetary policy decisions. This is your go-to source for understanding the forces shaping markets and the global economy.&quot;,&quot;logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png&quot;,&quot;author_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;primary_user_id&quot;:310892690,&quot;theme_var_background_pop&quot;:&quot;#FF6719&quot;,&quot;created_at&quot;:&quot;2025-01-19T19:16:44.648Z&quot;,&quot;email_from_name&quot;:&quot;Data &#8212; Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Data Driven Stocks&quot;,&quot;founding_plan_name&quot;:&quot;100kg coffee for dds&quot;,&quot;community_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;invite_only&quot;:false,&quot;payments_state&quot;:&quot;enabled&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:null,&quot;explicit&quot;:false,&quot;homepage_type&quot;:&quot;magaziney&quot;,&quot;is_personal_mode&quot;:false,&quot;logo_url_wide&quot;:null}}],&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;status&quot;:{&quot;bestsellerTier&quot;:null,&quot;subscriberTier&quot;:null,&quot;leaderboard&quot;:null,&quot;vip&quot;:false,&quot;badge&quot;:null,&quot;paidPublicationIds&quot;:[],&quot;subscriber&quot;:null}}],&quot;utm_campaign&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null}" data-component-name="EmbeddedPostToDOM"><a class="embedded-post" native="true" href="https://www.dds.finance/p/spirit-airlines-is-dead-how-a-5b?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_campaign=post_embed&amp;utm_medium=web"><div class="embedded-post-header"><img class="embedded-post-publication-logo" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laWR!,w_56,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F388660f5-c689-4039-a60f-dbc044bee20f_155x155.png" loading="lazy"><span class="embedded-post-publication-name">Data Driven Stocks - Macro, companies, Politics, Inflation </span></div><div class="embedded-post-title-wrapper"><div class="embedded-post-title">Spirit Airlines Is Dead: How a $5B Carrier Burned Through $930M of Annual Cash, Failed Two Bankruptcies in 15 Months, and Got Killed by an Iran Fuel Shock</div></div><div class="embedded-post-cta-wrapper"><span class="embedded-post-cta">Read more</span></div><div class="embedded-post-meta">a month ago &#183; Data Driven Stocks</div></a></div><ol><li><p>CNBC &#8212; &#8220;Spirit Airlines is on shakier ground after avoiding hard decisions in bankruptcy&#8221;: <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/21/spirit-airlines-lessors-bankruptcy.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/21/spirit-airlines-lessors-bankruptcy.html</a></p></li></ol>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #50: 100% Import Tariff on Pharmaceuticals, Global Supply Chains Forced to Redraw the Map.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-50</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-50</guid><pubDate>Sat, 02 May 2026 15:01:32 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #50 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:120544,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/196119174?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MSEV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa74ccbe4-fa7f-4fdb-957d-f20a7623724a_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On April 2, 2026, the United States government issued a Proclamation under <strong>Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962</strong> imposing a <strong>100% ad valorem tariff</strong> on all imported <strong>patented pharmaceutical products</strong> and their <strong>active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)</strong>, marking one of the most aggressive and consequential trade actions ever directed at the global life sciences sector. The Proclamation establishes a tiered implementation timeline: for <strong>17 specifically named large pharmaceutical companies</strong> listed in <strong>Annex III</strong> of the order, the tariffs become effective on <strong>July 31, 2026</strong>, exactly 120 days after the signing date. For all other importers of covered pharmaceutical products, the tariffs take effect on <strong>September 29, 2026</strong>, 180 days after the Proclamation was issued.</p><p>The 17 companies identified in Annex III represent some of the largest and most influential pharmaceutical corporations on earth: <strong>AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline/ViiV Healthcare, Johnson &amp; Johnson, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Sanofi</strong>. These 17 entities collectively account for a substantial share of the patented drugs consumed in the American market, and their inclusion on the accelerated timeline signals the scale and seriousness of the policy&#8217;s intent to reshape the pharmaceutical manufacturing landscape.</p><p>The scope of products covered by the tariff is deliberately broad. The <strong>100% duty rate</strong> applies not only to finished patented drug and biologic products but also to the ingredients used to manufacture them, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, <strong>key starting materials (KSMs)</strong>, and pharmaceutical intermediates. This upstream coverage is particularly significant because it targets the entire manufacturing chain, not merely the final product that arrives at pharmacies and hospitals. By imposing the tariff at every level of the production pipeline, the Proclamation ensures that companies cannot circumvent the duty simply by importing raw materials and performing final formulation domestically while leaving the critical upstream chemistry offshore.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-50?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-50?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>However, the Proclamation also contains several <strong>important exemptions</strong> that substantially narrow its practical impact on certain categories of drugs. <strong>Generic pharmaceutical products</strong>, including <strong>biosimilar products</strong>, are explicitly excluded from the tariff, a carve out that protects a significant portion of the American drug supply from price increases since generics account for approximately <strong>90% of all prescriptions</strong> filled in the United States. Additionally, designated <strong>orphan drugs</strong> used to treat rare diseases are exempt, as are <strong>U.S. origin products</strong> that are manufactured domestically and re-imported after processing abroad. Certain categories of <strong>&#8220;specialty products&#8221;</strong> also fall outside the tariff&#8217;s scope, though the precise boundaries of this exemption remain subject to regulatory interpretation.</p><p>The Proclamation creates a structured system of <strong>tariff mitigation pathways</strong> designed to incentivize pharmaceutical companies to bring manufacturing capacity back to American soil. Companies that submit and receive approval for an <strong>onshoring plan</strong> from the <strong>Secretary of Commerce</strong> qualify for a reduced tariff rate of <strong>20%</strong> instead of the full 100%, a substantial reduction that nonetheless still represents a significant cost increase over the pre-tariff baseline of effectively zero duty on most pharmaceutical imports. This 20% onshoring rate is not permanent; it is scheduled to <strong>rise back to 100% on April 2, 2030</strong>, meaning companies have approximately four years to complete their domestic manufacturing buildout before losing the preferential rate.</p><p>For companies willing to go further, the Proclamation offers an even more favorable arrangement. Companies that both submit an approved onshoring plan <strong>and</strong> enter into a <strong>Most Favored Nation (MFN) pharmaceutical pricing agreement</strong> with the <strong>Secretary of Health and Human Services</strong> can qualify for a <strong>0% tariff rate</strong> until <strong>January 20, 2029</strong>. The MFN pricing component requires companies to ensure that the prices they charge in the United States are no higher than the lowest prices they charge in comparable developed nations, a provision that links trade policy directly to the longstanding debate over why American consumers pay substantially more for the same drugs than patients in Europe, Canada, Japan, and other advanced economies.</p><p>Prior to the formal issuance of the Proclamation, <strong>13 of the 17 Annex III companies</strong> had already entered into <strong>company specific agreements</strong> with the Secretary of Commerce related to Section 232 tariffs on pharmaceutical products and ingredients. The Proclamation formally ratifies these pre-existing agreements and delegates to the Secretary of Commerce the authority to negotiate and implement similar agreements with additional companies going forward. According to official statements, the Section 232 pressure has already triggered approximately <strong>$400 billion in new domestic pharmaceutical investment commitments</strong>, a figure that, if fully realized, would represent the largest wave of pharmaceutical manufacturing construction in American history.</p><p>The operational implications of this tariff regime are immense, particularly when viewed against the backdrop of the pharmaceutical industry&#8217;s current supply chain architecture. According to data from the <strong>U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP)</strong>, approximately <strong>48% of APIs</strong> imported into the United States originate from <strong>India</strong>, while <strong>13%</strong> come from <strong>China</strong>. Domestically produced APIs account for only approximately <strong>10%</strong> of the total American supply. But these direct import figures understate the true depth of the dependency because <strong>India itself relies on China for approximately 70% of its bulk drug intermediates and key starting materials</strong>, creating an indirect exposure that some analysts estimate brings total American reliance on Chinese origin pharmaceutical inputs to as high as <strong>47%</strong> when the full supply chain is traced to its origins.</p><p>The challenge of onshoring pharmaceutical manufacturing is not merely financial but fundamentally <strong>operational and temporal</strong>. Industry analyses indicate that constructing a new pharmaceutical manufacturing facility requires investment ranging from <strong>hundreds of millions to several billion dollars</strong> and typically takes <strong>five to ten years</strong> to become fully operational, accounting for facility construction, equipment installation, process validation, regulatory approval from the <strong>Food and Drug Administration (FDA)</strong>, and workforce training. Moving API production for a single complex molecule from an established overseas facility to a new domestic site can take <strong>three to five years</strong> even under optimal conditions, due to the stringent regulatory requirements governing pharmaceutical manufacturing changes and the need to demonstrate bioequivalence and process consistency at the new site.</p><p>This timeline creates a fundamental tension at the heart of the policy. The tariffs become effective in as little as <strong>120 days</strong> for Annex III companies, but the physical infrastructure required to avoid those tariffs through onshoring cannot realistically be built in fewer than <strong>five years</strong>. Companies are therefore caught in a gap between the policy&#8217;s demands and the physical reality of pharmaceutical manufacturing, a gap that the tiered tariff rates and negotiated agreements are designed to bridge but that nonetheless represents one of the most complex operational challenges the global pharmaceutical industry has ever confronted.</p><p>The broader context of global pharmaceutical trade amplifies the significance of this Proclamation. The global pharmaceutical market was valued at approximately <strong>$1.6 trillion</strong> in 2025, with the United States representing roughly <strong>40% of global pharmaceutical revenue</strong>. Approximately <strong>70 to 80% of global API production</strong> is currently concentrated in <strong>India and China</strong>, reflecting decades of offshoring driven by lower labor costs, less stringent environmental regulations, and the natural clustering effects that have made regions like <strong>Hyderabad</strong> in India and <strong>Zhejiang and Jiangsu</strong> provinces in China into global centers of pharmaceutical chemistry. Reversing this concentration represents not merely a logistical challenge but a fundamental restructuring of an industry whose supply chain geography has been shaped by thirty years of globalization, and the operational complexity of executing this reversal within the compressed timelines the Proclamation demands will test the capabilities of even the most sophisticated pharmaceutical operations organizations in the world.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #50: Thuế 100% Lên Dược Phẩm Nhập Khẩu, Chuỗi Cung Ứng Toàn Cầu Buộc Phải Vẽ Lại Bản Đồ.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-50</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-50</guid><pubDate>Sat, 02 May 2026 15:00:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 50 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:131624,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/196125370?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZFUN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a488af-43c4-4202-a295-741bf8192755_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>V&#224;o ng&#224;y 2 th&#225;ng 4 n&#259;m 2026, ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Hoa K&#7923; ban h&#224;nh S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh theo <strong>&#272;i&#7873;u 232 c&#7911;a &#272;&#7841;o lu&#7853;t M&#7903; r&#7897;ng Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i 1962</strong> &#225;p thu&#7871; <strong>100% theo gi&#225; tr&#7883; (ad valorem)</strong> l&#234;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; <strong>s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m c&#243; b&#7857;ng s&#225;ng ch&#7871;</strong> nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u v&#224; <strong>ho&#7841;t ch&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m (API)</strong> c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng, &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i m&#7841;nh m&#7869; v&#224; c&#243; h&#7853;u qu&#7843; s&#226;u r&#7897;ng nh&#7845;t t&#7915;ng nh&#7855;m v&#224;o ng&#224;nh khoa h&#7885;c &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u. S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p l&#7883;ch tr&#236;nh tri&#7875;n khai theo t&#7847;ng: &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i <strong>17 t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m l&#7899;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7881; &#273;&#237;ch danh</strong> trong <strong>Ph&#7909; l&#7909;c III (Annex III)</strong> c&#7911;a s&#7855;c l&#7879;nh, thu&#7871; quan c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c v&#224;o <strong>ng&#224;y 31 th&#225;ng 7 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, &#273;&#250;ng 120 ng&#224;y sau ng&#224;y k&#253;. &#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#224; nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m kh&#225;c, thu&#7871; quan c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c v&#224;o <strong>ng&#224;y 29 th&#225;ng 9 n&#259;m 2026</strong>, 180 ng&#224;y sau khi S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ban h&#224;nh.</p><p>17 c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh trong Ph&#7909; l&#7909;c III &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t v&#224; c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i: <strong>AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline/ViiV Healthcare, Johnson &amp; Johnson, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Regeneron, v&#224; Sanofi</strong>. 17 th&#7921;c th&#7875; n&#224;y c&#7897;ng g&#7897;p chi&#7871;m ph&#7847;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; c&#225;c lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c c&#243; b&#7857;ng s&#225;ng ch&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ti&#234;u th&#7909; t&#7841;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng M&#7929;, v&#224; vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;a h&#7885; v&#224;o l&#7883;ch tr&#236;nh t&#259;ng t&#7889;c cho th&#7845;y quy m&#244; v&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nghi&#234;m t&#250;c trong &#253; &#273;&#7883;nh t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch n&#224;y.</p><p>Ph&#7841;m vi s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ch&#7883;u thu&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; r&#7897;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch. <strong>M&#7913;c thu&#7871; 100%</strong> &#225;p d&#7909;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; cho s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m thu&#7889;c v&#224; sinh ph&#7849;m c&#243; b&#7857;ng s&#225;ng ch&#7871; th&#224;nh ph&#7849;m m&#224; c&#242;n cho c&#225;c th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t ch&#250;ng, bao g&#7891;m ho&#7841;t ch&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m, <strong>nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u then ch&#7889;t (KSMs)</strong>, v&#224; ch&#7845;t trung gian d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m. Ph&#7841;m vi bao ph&#7911; th&#432;&#7907;ng ngu&#7891;n n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#236; n&#243; nh&#7855;m v&#224;o to&#224;n b&#7897; chu&#7895;i s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng &#273;&#7871;n nh&#224; thu&#7889;c v&#224; b&#7879;nh vi&#7879;n. B&#7857;ng c&#225;ch &#225;p thu&#7871; &#7903; m&#7885;i c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o r&#7857;ng c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty kh&#244;ng th&#7875; n&#233; thu&#7871; b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch nh&#7853;p nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u th&#244; v&#224; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n pha ch&#7871; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng trong n&#432;&#7899;c trong khi &#273;&#7875; to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#243;a h&#7885;c th&#432;&#7907;ng ngu&#7891;n quan tr&#7885;ng &#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-50?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-50?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh c&#361;ng ch&#7913;a m&#7897;t s&#7889; <strong>mi&#7877;n tr&#7915; quan tr&#7885;ng</strong> thu h&#7865;p &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#234;n m&#7897;t s&#7889; danh m&#7909;c thu&#7889;c nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh. <strong>S&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m generic</strong>, bao g&#7891;m <strong>s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m biosimilar</strong>, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c lo&#7841;i tr&#7915; r&#245; r&#224;ng kh&#7887;i thu&#7871; quan, m&#7897;t ngo&#7841;i l&#7879; b&#7843;o v&#7879; ph&#7847;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; ngu&#7891;n cung thu&#7889;c M&#7929; kh&#7887;i t&#259;ng gi&#225; v&#236; thu&#7889;c generic chi&#7871;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>90% t&#7893;ng s&#7889; &#273;&#417;n thu&#7889;c</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#234; t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923;. Ngo&#224;i ra, <strong>thu&#7889;c m&#7891; c&#244;i (orphan drugs)</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7881; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7875; &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; b&#7879;nh hi&#7871;m c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c mi&#7877;n, c&#249;ng v&#7899;i <strong>s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m c&#243; ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c Hoa K&#7923;</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t trong n&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; t&#225;i nh&#7853;p sau khi ch&#7871; bi&#7871;n &#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. M&#7897;t s&#7889; danh m&#7909;c <strong>&#8220;s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t&#8221;</strong> c&#361;ng n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i ph&#7841;m vi thu&#7871; quan, m&#7863;c d&#249; ranh gi&#7899;i ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a mi&#7877;n tr&#7915; n&#224;y v&#7851;n c&#242;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i quy &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c g&#7891;m <strong>c&#225;c l&#7897; tr&#236;nh gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u thu&#7871; quan</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7875; khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m &#273;&#432;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t tr&#7903; l&#7841;i l&#227;nh th&#7893; M&#7929;. C&#225;c c&#244;ng ty n&#7897;p v&#224; nh&#7853;n ph&#234; duy&#7879;t <strong>k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch onshoring</strong> t&#7915; <strong>B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</strong> &#273;&#7911; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n h&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7913;c thu&#7871; gi&#7843;m <strong>20%</strong> thay v&#236; 100% &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, m&#7897;t m&#7913;c gi&#7843;m &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho s&#7921; t&#259;ng chi ph&#237; l&#7899;n so v&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng c&#417; s&#7903; tr&#432;&#7899;c thu&#7871; quan l&#224; g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng c&#243; thu&#7871; nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u tr&#234;n h&#7847;u h&#7871;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m. M&#7913;c thu&#7871; onshoring 20% n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#297;nh vi&#7877;n; n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#234;n l&#7883;ch <strong>t&#259;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i 100% v&#224;o ng&#224;y 2 th&#225;ng 4 n&#259;m 2030</strong>, c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty c&#243; kho&#7843;ng b&#7889;n n&#259;m &#273;&#7875; ho&#224;n th&#224;nh vi&#7879;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t trong n&#432;&#7899;c tr&#432;&#7899;c khi m&#7845;t m&#7913;c thu&#7871; &#432;u &#273;&#227;i.</p><p>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty s&#7861;n s&#224;ng &#273;i xa h&#417;n, S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh cung c&#7845;p m&#7897;t th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n c&#242;n thu&#7853;n l&#7907;i h&#417;n. C&#225;c c&#244;ng ty v&#7915;a n&#7897;p k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch onshoring &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#234; duy&#7879;t <strong>v&#224;</strong> k&#253; k&#7871;t <strong>th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n gi&#225; d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m T&#7889;i Hu&#7879; Qu&#7889;c (MFN)</strong> v&#7899;i <strong>B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng Y t&#7871; v&#224; D&#7883;ch v&#7909; Nh&#226;n sinh</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7911; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n h&#432;&#7903;ng <strong>m&#7913;c thu&#7871; 0%</strong> cho &#273;&#7871;n <strong>ng&#224;y 20 th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2029</strong>. Th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n gi&#225; MFN y&#234;u c&#7847;u c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o r&#7857;ng gi&#225; h&#7885; t&#237;nh t&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923; kh&#244;ng cao h&#417;n m&#7913;c gi&#225; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t h&#7885; t&#237;nh t&#7841;i c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng, m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n li&#234;n k&#7871;t ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n l&#226;u d&#224;i v&#7873; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#234;u d&#249;ng M&#7929; tr&#7843; nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; cho c&#249;ng lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c so v&#7899;i b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n &#7903; ch&#226;u &#194;u, Canada, Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n v&#224; c&#225;c n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; ti&#234;n ti&#7871;n kh&#225;c.</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ban h&#224;nh ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c, <strong>13 trong s&#7889; 17 c&#244;ng ty Ph&#7909; l&#7909;c III</strong> &#273;&#227; k&#253; k&#7871;t <strong>c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ri&#234;ng bi&#7879;t</strong> v&#7899;i B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n thu&#7871; quan Section 232 &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m v&#224; th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m. S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c ph&#234; chu&#7849;n c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n c&#243; tr&#432;&#7899;c n&#224;y v&#224; &#7911;y quy&#7873;n cho B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n v&#224; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; v&#7899;i c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty b&#7893; sung trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai. Theo c&#225;c tuy&#234;n b&#7889; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c, &#225;p l&#7921;c Section 232 &#273;&#227; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t kho&#7843;ng <strong>400 t&#7927; USD cam k&#7871;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a m&#7899;i</strong>, m&#7897;t con s&#7889; n&#7871;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;n th&#7921;c h&#243;a &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; s&#7869; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho l&#224;n s&#243;ng x&#226;y d&#7921;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;.</p><p>H&#7879; qu&#7843; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; thu&#7871; quan n&#224;y l&#224; v&#244; c&#249;ng l&#7899;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi nh&#236;n tr&#234;n n&#7873;n ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a ng&#224;nh d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m. Theo d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; <strong>D&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7875;n Hoa K&#7923; (USP)</strong>, kho&#7843;ng <strong>48% API</strong> nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u v&#224;o Hoa K&#7923; c&#243; ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c t&#7915; <strong>&#7844;n &#272;&#7897;</strong>, trong khi <strong>13%</strong> &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong>. API s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t trong n&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7881; chi&#7871;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>10%</strong> t&#7893;ng ngu&#7891;n cung M&#7929;. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;c con s&#7889; nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p n&#224;y &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p chi&#7873;u s&#226;u th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#7911;a s&#7921; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c b&#7903;i <strong>b&#7843;n th&#226;n &#7844;n &#272;&#7897; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o Trung Qu&#7889;c kho&#7843;ng 70% nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u trung gian v&#224; nguy&#234;n li&#7879;u kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u then ch&#7889;t</strong>, t&#7841;o ra m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#417;i nhi&#7877;m gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p m&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7889; nh&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh &#273;&#432;a t&#7893;ng m&#7913;c ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c c&#7911;a M&#7929; v&#224;o ngu&#7891;n d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m g&#7889;c Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#234;n t&#7899;i <strong>47%</strong> khi to&#224;n b&#7897; chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c truy nguy&#234;n v&#7873; ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c.</p><p>Th&#225;ch th&#7913;c c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c onshoring s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh m&#224; c&#259;n b&#7843;n l&#224; <strong>v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#224; th&#7901;i gian</strong>. C&#225;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch ng&#224;nh cho th&#7845;y x&#226;y d&#7921;ng m&#7897;t nh&#224; m&#225;y s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m m&#7899;i &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#7915; <strong>h&#224;ng tr&#259;m tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7871;n v&#224;i t&#7927; USD</strong> v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7845;t <strong>n&#259;m &#273;&#7871;n m&#432;&#7901;i n&#259;m</strong> &#273;&#7875; tr&#7903; n&#234;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, t&#237;nh c&#7843; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng c&#417; s&#7903;, l&#7855;p &#273;&#7863;t thi&#7871;t b&#7883;, th&#7849;m &#273;&#7883;nh quy tr&#236;nh, ph&#234; duy&#7879;t quy &#273;&#7883;nh t&#7915; <strong>C&#7909;c Qu&#7843;n l&#253; Th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m v&#224; D&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m (FDA)</strong>, v&#224; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng. Di chuy&#7875;n s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t API cho m&#7897;t ph&#226;n t&#7917; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; t&#7915; c&#417; s&#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i &#273;&#227; thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p sang &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; m&#7845;t <strong>ba &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m n&#259;m</strong> ngay c&#7843; trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n t&#7889;i &#432;u, do c&#225;c y&#234;u c&#7847;u quy &#273;&#7883;nh nghi&#234;m ng&#7863;t chi ph&#7889;i vi&#7879;c thay &#273;&#7893;i s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u ch&#7913;ng minh t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng sinh h&#7885;c v&#224; t&#237;nh nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n quy tr&#236;nh t&#7841;i &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7899;i.</p><p>L&#7883;ch tr&#236;nh n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng c&#417; b&#7843;n &#7903; trung t&#226;m ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch. Thu&#7871; quan c&#243; hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c ch&#7881; trong <strong>120 ng&#224;y</strong> &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty Ph&#7909; l&#7909;c III, nh&#432;ng h&#7841; t&#7847;ng v&#7853;t l&#253; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; tr&#225;nh thu&#7871; th&#244;ng qua onshoring kh&#244;ng th&#7875; th&#7921;c t&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng trong &#237;t h&#417;n <strong>n&#259;m n&#259;m</strong>. C&#225;c c&#244;ng ty do &#273;&#243; b&#7883; m&#7855;c k&#7865;t trong kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7919;a y&#234;u c&#7847;u c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch v&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; v&#7853;t l&#253; c&#7911;a s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m, m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch m&#224; c&#225;c m&#7913;c thu&#7871; su&#7845;t theo t&#7847;ng v&#224; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7875; b&#7855;c c&#7847;u nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng th&#225;ch th&#7913;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p nh&#7845;t m&#224; ng&#224;nh d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m to&#224;n c&#7847;u t&#7915;ng &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t.</p><p>B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh r&#7897;ng h&#417;n c&#7911;a th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m to&#224;n c&#7847;u khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh n&#224;y. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; kho&#7843;ng <strong>1,6 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD</strong> v&#224;o n&#259;m 2025, v&#7899;i Hoa K&#7923; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>40% doanh thu d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong>. Kho&#7843;ng <strong>70 &#273;&#7871;n 80% s&#7843;n l&#432;&#7907;ng API to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong> hi&#7879;n t&#7853;p trung t&#7841;i <strong>&#7844;n &#272;&#7897; v&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c</strong>, ph&#7843;n &#225;nh h&#224;ng th&#7853;p k&#7927; offshoring &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7903;i chi ph&#237; lao &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n, quy &#273;&#7883;nh m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#237;t nghi&#234;m ng&#7863;t h&#417;n, v&#224; hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng t&#7909; c&#7909;m t&#7921; nhi&#234;n &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n c&#225;c khu v&#7921;c nh&#432; <strong>Hyderabad</strong> &#7903; &#7844;n &#272;&#7897; v&#224; c&#225;c t&#7881;nh <strong>Chi&#7871;t Giang v&#224; Giang T&#244;</strong> &#7903; Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#224;nh trung t&#226;m h&#243;a d&#432;&#7907;c to&#224;n c&#7847;u. &#272;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; t&#7853;p trung n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; th&#225;ch th&#7913;c h&#7853;u c&#7847;n m&#224; l&#224; s&#7921; t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#259;n b&#7843;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#224;nh m&#224; &#273;&#7883;a l&#253; chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh b&#7903;i ba m&#432;&#417;i n&#259;m to&#224;n c&#7847;u h&#243;a, v&#224; &#273;&#7897; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p v&#7853;n h&#224;nh c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n s&#7921; &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c n&#224;y trong khung th&#7901;i gian n&#233;n m&#224; S&#7855;c l&#7879;nh y&#234;u c&#7847;u s&#7869; th&#7917; th&#225;ch n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a ngay c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng t&#7893; ch&#7913;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7849;m tinh vi nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #49: Amazon Made 30,000 People Train the AI That Replaced Them Before They Left.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-49</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-49</guid><pubDate>Sat, 25 Apr 2026 15:02:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #49 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:102086,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/195417869?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PAZx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aac4c25-41c6-448b-aa0b-89be42caebad_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p><strong>On January 28, 2026, Beth Galetti &#8212; Senior Vice President of People Experience and Technology at Amazon &#8212; sent an internal memo announcing the layoff of 16,000 corporate employees globally, marking the largest workforce reduction in the company&#8217;s 30-year history.</strong> But this was not the beginning &#8212; it was <strong>phase two</strong> of a restructuring program that started in October 2025, when Amazon had already cut <strong>14,000 corporate employees</strong> in the first round. In total, within three months from October 2025 to January 2026, Amazon eliminated approximately <strong>30,000 corporate positions</strong> &#8212; equivalent to nearly <strong>10% of the company&#8217;s entire corporate workforce</strong>. The hardest-hit departments included <strong>Amazon Web Services</strong> (cloud computing), <strong>Prime Video</strong> (entertainment), <strong>People Experience and Technology</strong> (HR), and <strong>core retail operations</strong>. Notably, the eliminated positions were not limited to administrative roles but extended to <strong>critical technical functions</strong> &#8212; employees supporting cloud services, analytics platforms, and customer delivery tools were all included.</p><p><strong>CEO Andy Jassy had prepared the intellectual groundwork for these layoffs months in advance through a series of increasingly candid internal memos about AI&#8217;s role in replacing human labor.</strong> In June 2025, Jassy sent a company-wide memo containing the widely quoted statement: <strong>&#8220;As we roll out more Generative AI and agents, it should change the way our work is done. We will need fewer people doing some of the jobs that are being done today, and more people doing other types of jobs.&#8221;</strong> He added that <strong>&#8220;in the next few years, we expect that this will reduce our total corporate workforce.&#8221;</strong> By January 2026, when the 16,000 round was announced, Jassy escalated the language: <strong>&#8220;Many of these agents have yet to be built, but make no mistake, they&#8217;re coming, and coming fast.&#8221;</strong> He framed the restructuring not as cost-cutting but as <strong>cultural transformation</strong> &#8212; &#8220;reducing layers, increasing ownership, and removing bureaucracy&#8221; &#8212; with the vision of turning Amazon into <strong>&#8220;the world&#8217;s biggest startup.&#8221;</strong></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-49?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-49?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>But what makes Amazon&#8217;s layoffs an unprecedented event in modern corporate history is not the 30,000 headcount &#8212; it is how Amazon required departing employees to &#8220;train&#8221; the AI replacing them before they left.</strong> According to multiple internal sources cited in media reports &#8212; although Amazon has neither confirmed nor denied publicly &#8212; employees slated for termination were required to participate in <strong>&#8220;knowledge transfer sessions,&#8221;</strong> during which they were asked to <strong>record and describe in detail their decision-making processes, creative workflows, and daily work methods</strong>. These recordings, along with <strong>prompt libraries</strong> generated during the transfer process, were then fed <strong>directly into training datasets</strong> to refine the AI agents that would assume the work they once performed. According to reports, many employees initially <strong>believed they were participating in a standard transition process</strong> &#8212; helping colleagues take over their work &#8212; without realizing that the &#8220;colleague taking over&#8221; was not a human but an <strong>algorithm</strong>. Entire engineering teams were reportedly replaced by <strong>automated workflows</strong> running on <strong>Anthropic&#8217;s Claude Sonnet</strong> platform, where small clusters of senior engineers use advanced AI models to manage workloads that previously required dozens of employees.</p><p><strong>The clearest illustration of the &#8220;train the AI then leave&#8221; model is the Alexa division &#8212; once a flagship of Amazon&#8217;s hardware innovation.</strong> According to internal sources, the Alexa division was <strong>&#8220;hollowed out&#8221;</strong> from over <strong>847 engineers to just 23</strong> &#8212; a <strong>97% reduction</strong> that, if confirmed, would rank among the largest single-division technical contractions in technology industry history. Hardware development was transferred to a team of <strong>31 contractors in Bangalore, India</strong>, operating entirely with <strong>AI coding assistants</strong> to maintain operations at a fraction of the previous cost. This new model &#8212; which analysts call the <strong>&#8220;efficiency matrix&#8221;</strong> &#8212; prioritizes <strong>AI-augmented productivity</strong> over traditional headcount: within divisions like AWS, entire departments are reportedly being consolidated, with small groups of senior engineers using AI to manage workloads that once required dozens of people.</p><p><strong>Regarding support for affected employees, Amazon provided a package including 90 days of full pay and benefits</strong> during the transition period, allowing employees to apply for other internal positions. Those who do not find or pursue new roles receive <strong>severance packages</strong>, continued health insurance, and <strong>outplacement services</strong>. However, it should be noted that reports of a third round &#8212; an additional <strong>14,000 in Q2 2026</strong> &#8212; remain officially unconfirmed. An Amazon spokesperson called these reports <strong>&#8220;false and not based in fact,&#8221;</strong> although multiple internal sources continue to confirm that documents circulating among senior management point toward further reductions. Regardless of the final number, what cannot be denied is that Amazon &#8212; with Jassy&#8217;s vision of <strong>&#8220;agentic workflows&#8221;</strong> and a <strong>&#8220;fewer people, more agents&#8221;</strong> workforce &#8212; is establishing a <strong>new operating model</strong> in which the line between knowledge transfer and self-elimination of one&#8217;s own position becomes nearly indistinguishable.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #49: Amazon Bắt 30,000 Người Dạy AI Thay Thế Mình Trước Khi Ra Đi.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-49</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-49</guid><pubDate>Sat, 25 Apr 2026 15:01:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 49 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:118465,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/195418455?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O-aF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d099e7-16cb-4e27-9f3d-0c7e0d24b9d0_1528x1281.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p><strong>Ng&#224;y 28 th&#225;ng 1 n&#259;m 2026, Beth Galetti &#8212; Ph&#243; Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch C&#7845;p cao ph&#7909; tr&#225;ch Tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m v&#224; C&#244;ng ngh&#7879; Nh&#226;n s&#7921; (People Experience and Technology) t&#7841;i Amazon &#8212; g&#7917;i memo n&#7897;i b&#7897; th&#244;ng b&#225;o sa th&#7843;i 16,000 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n doanh nghi&#7879;p tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u, &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u &#273;&#7907;t c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; 30 n&#259;m c&#7911;a c&#244;ng ty.</strong> Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u m&#224; l&#224; <strong>giai &#273;o&#7841;n hai</strong> c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; th&#225;ng 10 n&#259;m 2025, khi Amazon &#273;&#227; c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m <strong>14,000 nh&#226;n s&#7921; doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong> trong &#273;&#7907;t &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n. T&#7893;ng c&#7897;ng trong v&#242;ng ba th&#225;ng, t&#7915; th&#225;ng 10/2025 &#273;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 1/2026, Amazon lo&#7841;i b&#7887; kho&#7843;ng <strong>30,000 v&#7883; tr&#237; doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong> &#8212; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng g&#7847;n <strong>10% to&#224;n b&#7897; l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng v&#259;n ph&#242;ng</strong> c&#7911;a t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n. C&#225;c b&#7897; ph&#7853;n b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng n&#7863;ng nh&#7845;t bao g&#7891;m <strong>Amazon Web Services</strong> (&#273;i&#7879;n to&#225;n &#273;&#225;m m&#226;y), <strong>Prime Video</strong> (gi&#7843;i tr&#237;), <strong>People Experience and Technology</strong> (nh&#226;n s&#7921;), v&#224; <strong>v&#7853;n h&#224;nh b&#225;n l&#7867; c&#7889;t l&#245;i</strong> (core retail operations). &#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, c&#225;c v&#7883; tr&#237; b&#7883; lo&#7841;i b&#7887; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#7903; c&#225;c vai tr&#242; h&#224;nh ch&#237;nh m&#224; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng sang <strong>c&#225;c ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t quan tr&#7885;ng</strong> &#8212; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n h&#7895; tr&#7907; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; &#273;&#225;m m&#226;y, n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch, v&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; giao h&#224;ng kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng &#273;&#7873;u n&#7857;m trong danh s&#225;ch.</p><p><strong>CEO Andy Jassy &#273;&#227; chu&#7849;n b&#7883; m&#7863;t b&#7857;ng t&#432; t&#432;&#7903;ng cho &#273;&#7907;t sa th&#7843;i n&#224;y t&#7915; nhi&#7873;u th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c th&#244;ng qua m&#7897;t lo&#7841;t memo n&#7897;i b&#7897; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng th&#7859;ng th&#7855;n v&#7873; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a AI trong vi&#7879;c thay th&#7871; lao &#273;&#7897;ng con ng&#432;&#7901;i.</strong> V&#224;o th&#225;ng 6 n&#259;m 2025, Jassy g&#7917;i memo cho to&#224;n b&#7897; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n v&#7899;i tuy&#234;n b&#7889; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n r&#7897;ng r&#227;i: <strong>&#8220;As we roll out more Generative AI and agents, it should change the way our work is done. We will need fewer people doing some of the jobs that are being done today, and more people doing other types of jobs&#8221;</strong> (Khi ch&#250;ng t&#244;i tri&#7875;n khai th&#234;m AI t&#7841;o sinh v&#224; c&#225;c agent, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch ch&#250;ng ta l&#224;m vi&#7879;c. Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i s&#7869; c&#7847;n &#237;t ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#417;n cho m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, v&#224; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#417;n cho c&#225;c lo&#7841;i c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c kh&#225;c). &#212;ng n&#243;i th&#234;m r&#7857;ng <strong>&#8220;trong v&#224;i n&#259;m t&#7899;i, ch&#250;ng t&#244;i k&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y s&#7869; gi&#7843;m t&#7893;ng l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p.&#8221;</strong> &#272;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 1/2026, khi &#273;&#7907;t 16,000 &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889;, Jassy leo thang ng&#244;n ng&#7919;: <strong>&#8220;Many of these agents have yet to be built, but make no mistake, they&#8217;re coming, and coming fast&#8221;</strong> (Nhi&#7873;u agent n&#224;y ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7915;ng nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n, ch&#250;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#7871;n, v&#224; &#273;&#7871;n r&#7845;t nhanh). &#212;ng &#273;&#243;ng khung cu&#7897;c t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m chi ph&#237; m&#224; l&#224; <strong>chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i v&#259;n h&#243;a</strong> &#8212; &#8220;reducing layers, increasing ownership, and removing bureaucracy&#8221; (gi&#7843;m t&#7847;ng qu&#7843;n l&#253;, t&#259;ng quy&#7873;n s&#7903; h&#7919;u, v&#224; lo&#7841;i b&#7887; b&#7897; m&#225;y quan li&#234;u) &#8212; v&#7899;i t&#7847;m nh&#236;n bi&#7871;n Amazon th&#224;nh <strong>&#8220;the world&#8217;s biggest startup&#8221;</strong> (c&#244;ng ty kh&#7903;i nghi&#7879;p l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i).</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-49?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-49?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n &#273;&#7907;t sa th&#7843;i c&#7911;a Amazon tr&#7903; th&#224;nh s&#7921; ki&#7879;n ch&#432;a c&#243; ti&#7873;n l&#7879; trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; doanh nghi&#7879;p hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; quy m&#244; 30,000 ng&#432;&#7901;i &#8212; m&#224; l&#224; c&#225;ch Amazon y&#234;u c&#7847;u nh&#226;n vi&#234;n s&#7855;p ra &#273;i &#8220;&#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o&#8221; AI thay th&#7871; ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh tr&#432;&#7899;c khi r&#7901;i &#273;i.</strong> Theo nhi&#7873;u ngu&#7891;n n&#7897;i b&#7897; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#225;o ch&#237; tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n &#8212; m&#7863;c d&#249; Amazon ch&#432;a x&#225;c nh&#7853;n ho&#7863;c ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n c&#244;ng khai &#8212; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n thu&#7897;c di&#7879;n sa th&#7843;i ph&#7843;i tham gia c&#225;c bu&#7893;i <strong>&#8220;knowledge transfer sessions&#8221;</strong> (phi&#234;n chuy&#7875;n giao ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c), trong &#273;&#243; h&#7885; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c y&#234;u c&#7847;u <strong>ghi h&#236;nh v&#224; m&#244; t&#7843; chi ti&#7871;t quy tr&#236;nh ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh, quy tr&#236;nh s&#225;ng t&#7841;o, v&#224; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p l&#224;m vi&#7879;c h&#224;ng ng&#224;y</strong> c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. C&#225;c b&#7843;n ghi h&#236;nh n&#224;y, c&#249;ng v&#7899;i <strong>prompt libraries</strong> (th&#432; vi&#7879;n c&#226;u l&#7879;nh) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chuy&#7875;n giao, sau &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a <strong>tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#224;o b&#7897; d&#7919; li&#7879;u &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o</strong> &#273;&#7875; tinh ch&#7881;nh c&#225;c AI agents s&#7869; &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#224; h&#7885; t&#7915;ng th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n. Theo c&#225;c b&#225;o c&#225;o, nhi&#7873;u nh&#226;n vi&#234;n ban &#273;&#7847;u <strong>tin r&#7857;ng h&#7885; &#273;ang tham gia m&#7897;t quy tr&#236;nh chuy&#7875;n giao ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n</strong> &#8212; gi&#250;p &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#8212; m&#224; kh&#244;ng nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng &#8220;&#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n&#8221; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; con ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#224; l&#224; <strong>thu&#7853;t to&#225;n</strong>. To&#224;n b&#7897; c&#225;c nh&#243;m k&#7929; thu&#7853;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; &#273;&#227; b&#7883; thay th&#7871; b&#7903;i <strong>automated workflows</strong> (quy tr&#236;nh t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng) v&#7853;n h&#224;nh tr&#234;n n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng <strong>Claude Sonnet c&#7911;a Anthropic</strong>, trong &#273;&#243; c&#225;c c&#7909;m nh&#7887; k&#7929; s&#432; c&#7845;p cao s&#7917; d&#7909;ng m&#244; h&#236;nh AI ti&#234;n ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&#253; kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#224; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c nh&#226;n vi&#234;n.</p><p><strong>Tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p minh h&#7885;a r&#245; r&#224;ng nh&#7845;t cho m&#244; h&#236;nh &#8220;d&#7841;y AI r&#7891;i ra &#273;i&#8221; l&#224; b&#7897; ph&#7853;n Alexa &#8212; t&#7915;ng l&#224; bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7893;i m&#7899;i ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng c&#7911;a Amazon.</strong> Theo c&#225;c ngu&#7891;n n&#7897;i b&#7897;, b&#7897; ph&#7853;n Alexa b&#7883; <strong>&#8220;hollowed out&#8221;</strong> (r&#250;t ru&#7897;t) t&#7915; h&#417;n <strong>847 k&#7929; s&#432; xu&#7889;ng ch&#7881; c&#242;n 23 ng&#432;&#7901;i</strong> &#8212; m&#7897;t m&#7913;c gi&#7843;m <strong>97%</strong> m&#224; n&#7871;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c nh&#7853;n s&#7869; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7907;t thu h&#7865;p b&#7897; ph&#7853;n k&#7929; thu&#7853;t l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; ng&#224;nh c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;. Ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang m&#7897;t nh&#243;m <strong>31 nh&#224; th&#7847;u t&#7841;i Bangalore, &#7844;n &#272;&#7897;</strong>, s&#7917; d&#7909;ng yo&#224;n to&#224;n <strong>AI coding assistants</strong> &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7899;i chi ph&#237; ch&#7881; b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n nh&#7887; so v&#7899;i tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y. M&#244; h&#236;nh m&#7899;i n&#224;y &#8212; m&#224; c&#225;c nh&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>&#8220;efficiency matrix&#8221;</strong> &#8212; &#432;u ti&#234;n <strong>n&#259;ng su&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c AI khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i</strong> (AI-augmented productivity) thay v&#236; s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#226;n s&#7921; truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng: trong c&#225;c b&#7897; ph&#7853;n nh&#432; AWS, to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#242;ng ban &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t, v&#7899;i c&#225;c nh&#243;m nh&#7887; k&#7929; s&#432; c&#7845;p cao s&#7917; d&#7909;ng AI &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&#253; kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c t&#7915;ng c&#7847;n h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p><p><strong>V&#7873; m&#7863;t h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng, Amazon cung c&#7845;p g&#243;i g&#7891;m 90 ng&#224;y l&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; ph&#250;c l&#7907;i &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;</strong> trong th&#7901;i gian chuy&#7875;n ti&#7871;p, cho ph&#233;p nh&#226;n vi&#234;n n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n v&#224;o c&#225;c v&#7883; tr&#237; n&#7897;i b&#7897; kh&#225;c. Nh&#7919;ng ai kh&#244;ng t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng theo &#273;u&#7893;i v&#7883; tr&#237; m&#7899;i s&#7869; nh&#7853;n <strong>g&#243;i tr&#7907; c&#7845;p th&#244;i vi&#7879;c</strong> (severance package), b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m y t&#7871; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c, v&#224; <strong>d&#7883;ch v&#7909; h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&#236;m vi&#7879;c</strong> (outplacement services). Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#7847;n l&#432;u &#253; r&#7857;ng c&#225;c b&#225;o c&#225;o v&#7873; &#273;&#7907;t c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m th&#7913; ba &#8212; th&#234;m <strong>14,000 ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224;o qu&#253; 2/2026</strong> &#8212; v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c nh&#7853;n ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c. Ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t ng&#244;n Amazon g&#7885;i c&#225;c b&#225;o c&#225;o n&#224;y l&#224; <strong>&#8220;false and not based in fact&#8221;</strong> (sai s&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#224; kh&#244;ng d&#7921;a tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;), m&#7863;c d&#249; nhi&#7873;u ngu&#7891;n n&#7897;i b&#7897; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c x&#225;c nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng t&#224;i li&#7879;u l&#432;u h&#224;nh trong ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o c&#7845;p cao ch&#7881; v&#7873; h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m th&#234;m. B&#7845;t k&#7875; con s&#7889; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; bao nhi&#234;u, &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n l&#224; Amazon &#8212; v&#7899;i t&#7847;m nh&#236;n c&#7911;a Jassy v&#7873; <strong>&#8220;agentic workflows&#8221;</strong> v&#224; l&#7921;c l&#432;&#7907;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng <strong>&#8220;fewer people, more agents&#8221;</strong> &#8212; &#273;ang thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p m&#7897;t <strong>m&#244; h&#236;nh v&#7853;n h&#224;nh m&#7899;i</strong> m&#224; trong &#273;&#243; ranh gi&#7899;i gi&#7919;a chuy&#7875;n giao ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c v&#224; t&#7921; x&#243;a b&#7887; v&#7883; tr&#237; tr&#7903; n&#234;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Chuỗi Công Cụ Operational Excellence | #48: 30 Ngày, 1 CEO Mới, 1,000 Người Ra Đi: Josh D'Amaro Vẽ Lại Bản Đồ Vận Hành Disney Ngay Trong Tháng Đầu Tiên.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-48</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-48</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 15:12:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i <strong>b&#224;i vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t d&#224;nh ri&#234;ng</strong> cho phi&#234;n b&#7843;n d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; ph&#237; Loyal Fan.</strong></em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7889; 48 trong Chu&#7895;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; B&#7897; C&#244;ng C&#7909; Operational Excellence.</strong></p></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 &#8211; Th&#244;ng tin ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 &#8211; B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 &#8211; Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 &#8211; B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho Doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 &#8211; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:150633,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/194615735?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z2r5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ed93c11-b19f-4388-b60e-4c494f2afd3e_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: TH&#212;NG TIN CH&#205;NH TH&#7912;C</strong></h2><p>S&#225;ng ng&#224;y 14 th&#225;ng 4 n&#259;m 2026, <strong>Josh D&#8217;Amaro</strong> &#8212; t&#226;n CEO c&#7911;a The Walt Disney Company, m&#7899;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c nh&#7853;m ch&#7913;c t&#7915; ng&#224;y 18 th&#225;ng 3 &#8212; g&#7917;i m&#7897;t b&#7843;n memo n&#7897;i b&#7897; t&#7899;i to&#224;n th&#7875; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n x&#225;c nh&#7853;n quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>1,000 v&#7883; tr&#237;</strong> tr&#234;n to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7871; ch&#7871; gi&#7843;i tr&#237; c&#7911;a Disney. B&#7843;n memo, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Variety tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n nguy&#234;n v&#259;n v&#7899;i c&#226;u m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u <strong>&#8220;I know this is hard&#8221;</strong> (T&#244;i bi&#7871;t &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y r&#7845;t kh&#243; kh&#259;n), &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#226;n s&#7921; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i D&#8217;Amaro v&#224; &#273;&#7871;n ch&#7881; 27 ng&#224;y sau khi &#244;ng ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c ng&#7891;i v&#224;o gh&#7871; CEO &#8212; m&#7897;t t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh nhanh &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; chuy&#7875;n giao l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o t&#7841;i c&#225;c t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n gi&#7843;i tr&#237; quy m&#244; to&#224;n c&#7847;u, v&#224; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;y t&#7921; n&#243; &#273;&#227; l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch.</p><p>Josh D&#8217;Amaro kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t g&#432;&#417;ng m&#7863;t xa l&#7841; v&#7899;i Disney. Sinh ng&#224;y 10 th&#225;ng 2 n&#259;m 1971 t&#7841;i <strong>Medfield, Massachusetts</strong>, &#244;ng theo h&#7885;c &#273;i&#234;u kh&#7855;c t&#7841;i Skidmore College tr&#432;&#7899;c khi chuy&#7875;n sang <strong>Georgetown University</strong> v&#224; t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p c&#7917; nh&#226;n Qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; Kinh doanh n&#259;m 1993. Sau m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian ng&#7855;n t&#7841;i Gillette Company &#7903; Boston, D&#8217;Amaro gia nh&#7853;p Disney n&#259;m <strong>1998</strong> v&#224; &#273;&#227; g&#7855;n b&#243; su&#7889;t <strong>27 n&#259;m</strong> &#8212; g&#7847;n nh&#432; to&#224;n b&#7897; s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p. Con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n c&#7911;a &#244;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n &#273;i l&#234;n t&#7915; <strong>m&#7843;ng Experiences</strong> (c&#244;ng vi&#234;n gi&#7843;i tr&#237;, khu ngh&#7881; d&#432;&#7905;ng, tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng): Gi&#225;m &#273;&#7889;c <strong>Disneyland</strong> (2018&#8211;2019), Gi&#225;m &#273;&#7889;c <strong>Walt Disney World</strong> (2019&#8211;2020), r&#7891;i Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch <strong>Disney Experiences</strong> t&#7915; th&#225;ng 5/2020 &#8212; v&#7883; tr&#237; m&#224; &#244;ng k&#7871; nhi&#7879;m ch&#237;nh Bob Chapek ngay gi&#7919;a &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch COVID-19, khi to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#244;ng vi&#234;n Disney &#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a v&#224; doanh thu m&#7843;ng n&#224;y g&#7847;n nh&#432; b&#7857;ng zero. Ng&#224;y 3 th&#225;ng 2 n&#259;m 2026, H&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; Disney c&#244;ng b&#7889; D&#8217;Amaro s&#7869; k&#7871; nhi&#7879;m <strong>Bob Iger</strong> t&#7915; ng&#224;y 18/3, sau cu&#7897;c c&#7841;nh tranh n&#7897;i b&#7897; v&#7899;i <strong>Dana Walden</strong> &#8212; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7909; tr&#225;ch m&#7843;ng TV v&#224; streaming, sau &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7893; nhi&#7879;m l&#224;m President ki&#234;m Chief Creative Officer. Bob Iger ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#7903; l&#7841;i v&#7899;i vai tr&#242; c&#7889; v&#7845;n c&#7845;p cao v&#224; th&#224;nh vi&#234;n H&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; cho &#273;&#7871;n khi h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng k&#7871;t th&#250;c v&#224;o cu&#7889;i n&#259;m 2026.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-48?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/chuoi-cong-cu-operational-excellence-48?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh n&#224;y r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u t&#7841;i sao quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh layoff &#273;&#7871;n nhanh v&#224; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7871;n v&#7853;y: D&#8217;Amaro l&#224; <strong>CEO &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i c&#7911;a Disney kh&#244;ng &#273;i l&#234;n t&#7915; m&#7843;ng n&#7897;i dung (content/creative) m&#224; &#273;i l&#234;n t&#7915; m&#7843;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m (operations/experiences)</strong> &#8212; v&#224; t&#432; duy v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n r&#245; r&#224;ng trong c&#225;ch &#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. Trong memo, D&#8217;Amaro vi&#7871;t: <strong>&#8220;Given the fast-moving pace of our industries, this requires us to constantly assess how to foster a more agile and technologically-enabled workforce to meet tomorrow&#8217;s needs&#8221;</strong> &#8212; m&#7897;t ng&#244;n ng&#7919; &#273;&#7863;c tr&#432;ng c&#7911;a t&#432; duy <strong>operational agility</strong> ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i t&#432; duy creative leadership truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng m&#224; Disney quen thu&#7897;c d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Iger.</p><p>V&#7873; ph&#7841;m vi c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m, &#273;&#7907;t layoff n&#224;y tr&#7843;i r&#7897;ng tr&#234;n <strong>g&#7847;n nh&#432; to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#225;c division l&#7899;n c&#7911;a Disney</strong> ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#7903; m&#7897;t m&#7843;ng duy nh&#7845;t. <strong>Marvel Studios v&#224; Marvel Entertainment</strong> ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng n&#7863;ng n&#7873; nh&#7845;t, v&#7899;i kho&#7843;ng <strong>7&#8211;8% t&#7893;ng nh&#226;n s&#7921; Marvel</strong> b&#7883; c&#7855;t &#8212; bao g&#7891;m nh&#226;n vi&#234;n c&#7843; t&#7841;i Burbank (California) v&#224; New York, tr&#7843;i r&#7897;ng qua c&#225;c m&#7843;ng phim, truy&#7873;n h&#236;nh, comics, franchise, t&#224;i ch&#237;nh v&#224; ph&#225;p l&#253;. &#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n l&#224; vi&#7879;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; <strong>to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; Visual Development</strong> c&#7911;a Marvel Studios b&#7883; gi&#7843;i th&#7875; &#8212; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; t&#7915;ng &#273;o&#7841;t <strong>gi&#7843;i Oscar</strong>, ch&#7883;u tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m thi&#7871;t k&#7871; h&#236;nh &#7843;nh v&#224; concept art cho to&#224;n b&#7897; Marvel Cinematic Universe su&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#7897;t th&#7853;p k&#7927;, v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u th&#224;nh vi&#234;n &#273;&#227; g&#7855;n b&#243; 10 n&#259;m tr&#7903; l&#234;n. Ch&#7881; c&#242;n m&#7897;t nh&#243;m r&#7845;t nh&#7887; (<strong>skeleton crew</strong>) nh&#226;n vi&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; l&#7841;i, ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang m&#244; h&#236;nh <strong>thu&#234; ngo&#224;i theo d&#7921; &#225;n (outside contractors)</strong>. L&#253; do &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; l&#224; Disney &#273;&#227; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh <strong>gi&#7843;m s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng phim Marvel Studios s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong>, do &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n c&#7847;n duy tr&#236; &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; creative n&#7897;i b&#7897; quy m&#244; l&#7899;n. C&#225;c m&#7843;ng <strong>TV divisions, ESPN, product &amp; technology v&#224; corporate functions</strong> c&#361;ng b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432;ng &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; th&#7845;p h&#417;n Marvel.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a &#273;&#7907;t layoff n&#224;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; con s&#7889; 1,000 v&#7883; tr&#237; &#8212; m&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>cu&#7897;c t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c marketing to&#224;n doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong> di&#7877;n ra &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i. T&#7915; th&#225;ng 1/2026, Disney &#273;&#227; c&#244;ng b&#7889; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch <strong>h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#7897; m&#225;y marketing ph&#226;n t&#225;n</strong> &#8212; v&#7889;n tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y m&#7895;i division (phim, TV, streaming, ESPN, c&#244;ng vi&#234;n) &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; team marketing ri&#234;ng, ng&#226;n s&#225;ch ri&#234;ng, chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c ri&#234;ng &#8212; <strong>v&#224;o m&#7897;t enterprise marketing division th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t</strong> &#273;&#7863;t d&#432;&#7899;i quy&#7873;n <strong>Asad Ayaz</strong>, Chief Marketing and Brand Officer. &#272;&#7907;t layoff ng&#224;y 14/4 ch&#237;nh l&#224; b&#432;&#7899;c <strong>th&#7921;c thi</strong> c&#7911;a k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t &#273;&#243;: lo&#7841;i b&#7887; c&#225;c v&#7883; tr&#237; marketing tr&#249;ng l&#7863;p gi&#7919;a c&#225;c division, gi&#7843;i th&#7875; c&#225;c team publicity ri&#234;ng l&#7867; (bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; m&#7897;t s&#7889; lieutenants tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p c&#7911;a Ayaz), v&#224; t&#225;i t&#7893; ch&#7913;c to&#224;n b&#7897; quy tr&#236;nh marketing t&#7915; <strong>&#8220;nhi&#7873;u team nh&#7887; ph&#7909;c v&#7909; nhi&#7873;u division&#8221;</strong> sang <strong>&#8220;m&#7897;t c&#7895; m&#225;y marketing t&#7853;p trung ph&#7909;c v&#7909; to&#224;n b&#7897; Disney&#8221;</strong>. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; cost cutting &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n &#8212; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>organizational architecture redesign</strong> &#7903; quy m&#244; to&#224;n t&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n, v&#224; n&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7897;t tri&#7871;t l&#253; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh r&#7845;t r&#245; r&#224;ng: <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; s&#7921; th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i t&#7915; s&#7921; ph&#226;n t&#225;n</strong>.</p><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng t&#7915; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i chia th&#224;nh hai lu&#7891;ng &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p r&#245; r&#7879;t. Gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224; analyst <strong>hoan ngh&#234;nh</strong> quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh, &#273;&#7885;c n&#243; nh&#432; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u r&#7857;ng D&#8217;Amaro nghi&#234;m t&#250;c v&#7873; <strong>operational discipline</strong> v&#224; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng l&#7863;p l&#7841;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n chi ti&#234;u m&#7903; r&#7897;ng thi&#7871;u ki&#7875;m so&#225;t c&#7911;a Disney trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m 2019&#8211;2022. Nh&#432;ng gi&#7899;i s&#225;ng t&#7841;o &#8212; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t trong c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng animation v&#224; visual arts &#8212; <strong>ph&#7851;n n&#7897;</strong> tr&#432;&#7899;c vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;i th&#7875; &#273;&#7897;i Visual Development c&#7911;a Marvel, coi &#273;&#226;y l&#224; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u Disney &#273;ang hy sinh <strong>n&#259;ng l&#7921;c s&#225;ng t&#7841;o d&#224;i h&#7841;n</strong> cho <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n</strong>, v&#224; &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i li&#7879;u m&#244; h&#236;nh &#8220;thu&#234; ngo&#224;i theo d&#7921; &#225;n&#8221; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; n&#7897;i b&#7897; g&#7855;n b&#243; v&#224; hi&#7875;u s&#226;u DNA th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;u Marvel sau h&#417;n 10 n&#259;m. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh s&#226;u s&#7855;c m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch k&#7929; h&#417;n trong c&#225;c ph&#7847;n ti&#7871;p theo: <strong>ranh gi&#7899;i gi&#7919;a &#8220;t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#7841;o gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m ph&#225; h&#7911;y gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;u</strong>, v&#224; CEO m&#7899;i c&#7911;a Disney &#273;ang &#273;&#7913;ng b&#234;n n&#224;o c&#7911;a ranh gi&#7899;i &#273;&#243;.</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Operational Excellence Tools Series | #48: 30 Days, 1 New CEO, 1,000 Gone: Josh D'Amaro Redraws Disney's Operating Map in His Very First Month.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Welcome to the unique weekend article for the Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition.]]></description><link>https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-48</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-48</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 15:10:01 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Welcome to the unique weekend article for the<strong> Loyal Fan subscribers-only edition</strong>.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>This is the #48 article of The Operational Excellence Tools Series.</strong></p></div><h1>Outlines and Key Takeaways</h1><blockquote><p><strong>Part 1 &#8211; Official Announcement</strong></p><p><strong>Part 2 &#8211; Background and Meaning</strong></p><p><strong>Part 3 &#8211; Analysis Through the Lens of Operational Excellence</strong></p><p><strong>Part 4 &#8211; Lessons for Businesses</strong></p><p><strong>Part 5 &#8211; Conclusion</strong></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png" width="1456" height="1221" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1221,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:134942,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/i/194613011?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tMsQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F63e2b92e-c744-4c88-bdee-6a02d94d197c_1645x1379.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>PART 1: OFFICIAL INFORMATION </strong></h2><p>On the morning of April 14, 2026, <strong>Josh D&#8217;Amaro</strong> &#8212; the new CEO of The Walt Disney Company, having officially assumed the role on March 18 &#8212; sent an internal memo to all employees confirming the decision to cut approximately <strong>1,000 positions</strong> across Disney&#8217;s entire entertainment empire. The memo, quoted by Variety with the opening line <strong>&#8220;I know this is hard,&#8221;</strong> marked the first major personnel decision under D&#8217;Amaro and arrived just 27 days after he officially took the CEO chair &#8212; a speed of decision making remarkable even by the standards of leadership transitions at global scale entertainment conglomerates, and a speed that itself constitutes an operational signal worth analyzing.</p><p>Josh D&#8217;Amaro is no stranger to Disney. Born February 10, 1971, in <strong>Medfield, Massachusetts</strong>, he initially studied sculpture at Skidmore College before transferring to <strong>Georgetown University</strong>, graduating with a Bachelor of Business Administration in 1993. After a brief period at the Gillette Company in Boston, D&#8217;Amaro joined Disney in <strong>1998</strong> and has remained for <strong>27 years</strong> &#8212; virtually his entire career. His advancement path rose entirely through the <strong>Experiences division</strong> (theme parks, resorts, guest experience): President of <strong>Disneyland</strong> (2018&#8211;2019), President of <strong>Walt Disney World</strong> (2019&#8211;2020), then Chairman of <strong>Disney Experiences</strong> from May 2020 &#8212; a position he inherited from Bob Chapek in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, when Disney&#8217;s entire park system was shuttered and division revenue was near zero. On February 3, 2026, Disney&#8217;s Board announced D&#8217;Amaro would succeed <strong>Bob Iger</strong> effective March 18, following an internal competition with <strong>Dana Walden</strong> &#8212; who oversaw TV and streaming operations and was subsequently appointed President and Chief Creative Officer. Bob Iger remains as senior adviser and Board member through his contract expiration at the end of 2026.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-48?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.bizinsider.co/p/the-operational-excellence-tools-48?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>This context is essential to understand why the layoff decision came so fast and so forcefully: D&#8217;Amaro is <strong>the first CEO in Disney&#8217;s modern history to rise not from content and creative but from operations and experiences</strong> &#8212; and that operational mindset is clearly visible in how he approached the restructuring. In his memo, D&#8217;Amaro wrote: <strong>&#8220;Given the fast-moving pace of our industries, this requires us to constantly assess how to foster a more agile and technologically-enabled workforce to meet tomorrow&#8217;s needs&#8221;</strong> &#8212; language characteristic of <strong>operational agility</strong> thinking rather than the traditional creative leadership discourse Disney was accustomed to under Iger.</p><p>Regarding the scope of cuts, this layoff wave spans <strong>nearly every major Disney division</strong> rather than being confined to a single unit. <strong>Marvel Studios and Marvel Entertainment</strong> were hardest hit, with approximately <strong>7&#8211;8% of total Marvel headcount</strong> eliminated &#8212; including employees in both Burbank (California) and New York, across film and television production, comics, franchise, finance, and legal departments. Particularly devastating was the near complete dissolution of Marvel Studios&#8217; <strong>Visual Development team</strong> &#8212; an <strong>Oscar winning</strong> unit responsible for designing the visual language and concept art for the entire Marvel Cinematic Universe over more than a decade, with many members having served 10 years or longer. Only a minimal <strong>skeleton crew</strong> of full time employees was retained; the remainder will transition to a model of <strong>project based outside contractors</strong>. The stated reason is Disney&#8217;s decision to <strong>reduce the number of Marvel Studios films produced annually</strong>, thus eliminating the need to maintain a large scale internal creative team. <strong>TV divisions, ESPN, product &amp; technology, and corporate functions</strong> were also affected but to a lesser degree than Marvel.</p><p>However, the most structurally significant element of this layoff lies not in the 1,000 position figure &#8212; but in the <strong>enterprise wide marketing restructuring</strong> occurring simultaneously. Since January 2026, Disney had announced plans to <strong>consolidate its entire decentralized marketing apparatus</strong> &#8212; where previously each division (film, TV, streaming, ESPN, parks) maintained its own marketing team, budget, and strategy &#8212; <strong>into a single unified enterprise marketing division</strong> under <strong>Asad Ayaz</strong>, Chief Marketing and Brand Officer. The April 14 layoff was the <strong>execution step</strong> of that consolidation plan: eliminating duplicated marketing roles across divisions, dissolving standalone publicity teams (including some of Ayaz&#8217;s own direct lieutenants), and reorganizing the entire marketing workflow from <strong>&#8220;multiple small teams serving multiple divisions&#8221;</strong> to <strong>&#8220;one centralized marketing engine serving all of Disney.&#8221;</strong> This is not mere cost cutting &#8212; this is <strong>organizational architecture redesign</strong> at the enterprise level, reflecting a very clear operational philosophy: <strong>efficiency comes from unification, not fragmentation</strong>.</p><p>External reaction split into two distinctly opposing currents. Investors and analysts <strong>welcomed</strong> the decision, reading it as a signal that D&#8217;Amaro is serious about <strong>operational discipline</strong> and will not repeat Disney&#8217;s uncontrolled spending expansion of 2019&#8211;2022. But the creative community &#8212; particularly within animation and visual arts &#8212; expressed <strong>outrage</strong> at the dissolution of Marvel&#8217;s Visual Development team, viewing it as evidence that Disney is sacrificing <strong>long term creative capability</strong> for <strong>short term financial efficiency</strong>, and questioning whether a &#8220;project based contractor&#8221; model can produce visual quality equivalent to an internal team that has been embedded in and deeply understood Marvel&#8217;s brand DNA for over 10 years. This is a profound operational question we will examine more closely in subsequent sections: <strong>where does the line between &#8220;value creating restructuring&#8221; and &#8220;value destroying cuts&#8221; actually lie</strong>, and on which side of that line does Disney&#8217;s new CEO stand.</p>
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